Current and thermohaline characteristics of the Arabian Sea during January 1998

Based on a ship survey during January 1998, the characteristics of the flow, the thermohaline properties and the volume transport of the Arabian Sea are discussed. A strong westward flow exists between 10.5?N and 11?N, part of which turns to the south as the Somali current near the coast at about 10?N and the rest turns north. At the passage between the African continent and the So- cotra Island, the northern branch separates into two flows: the left one enters the passage and the right one flows eastward along the southern slope of the island. Off the island the flow separates once more, most of it meandering northeast and a small fraction flow- ing southeast. Volume transport calculation suggests that the tidal transport is one or two orders of magnitude smaller than the total transport in this region and it becomes more important near the coast. The average velocity of the flow in the upper layer (0-150 m) is about 20 cm s-1, with a maximum of 53 cm s-1 appearing east of the Socotra Island, and the subsurface layer (200-800 m) has an aver- age velocity of 8.6 cm s-1; the velocity becomes smaller at greater depths. The depth of the seasonal thermocline is about 100 m, above which there is a layer with well mixed temperature and dissolved oxygen. High-salinity and oxygen-rich water appears near the surface of the northern Arabian Sea; a salinity maximum and oxygen minimum at 100 m depth along 8?N testifies the subduction of surface water from the northern Arabian Sea. Waters from the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf also influence the salinity of the area.     

地面加热对沙尘暴数值模拟结果的影响研究

利用沙尘数值预报模式并针对2002年3月18—20日典型沙尘暴过程,模拟研究了地面热通量对沙尘暴的影响及其机制。结果发现,沙尘天气数值预报模式较准确地模拟了本次沙尘暴过程。模式对白天地面加热强度和夜间地面冷却强度均有一定程度的高估。地面热通量能够使沙尘暴明显增强,同时也通过导致地面风速、层结稳定度、地面摩擦速度产生明显的日变化,进而导致沙尘暴强度的日变化。地面热通量影响地面风速的方式是导致混合层形成,从而有利于产生高空动量下传。另外,沙尘暴发生时地面热通量主要影响地面和行星边界层中的天气要素,随时间推移地面热通量能够持续影响上升运动强度,且这一影响从边界层逐渐向上扩展到自由大气,并达到500 hPa以上。     

More extreme-heat occurrences related to humidity in China

极端日夜复合高温往往会造成更为严重的社会经济影响及健康风险,受到了广泛关注.本文基于ERA5逐小时资料,针对中国区域极端日夜复合湿热和高温事件的变化及其影响进行了比较分析.结果指出,中国区域夏季极端湿热和高温在空间分布上较为一致,强度高值区主要分布在南方地区,但高频中心主要出现在北方地区.两类事件发生频次在全国范围内均呈明显增加趋势,尤其在西部和北部地区.进一步研究表明,在中国大部分地区,湿度异常在极端湿热事件变化中有着十分重要的作用,部分区域甚至超过温度异常的影响.随着极端湿热事件的增加其影响也在加剧,自1961年以来中国暴露于极端湿热事件的人口数量和城市面积增速明显大于高温事件.     

山东省深部岩溶热储埋藏分布及岩溶发育特征

根据大量已有资料,对山东省深部岩溶热储的埋藏分布及岩溶发育特征进行了分析阐述,圈定了全省深部岩溶热储分布范围为4.4万km2,共12个地热区,岩溶类型包括岩溶-裂隙和裂隙-岩溶2种类型,对全省深部岩溶热储的进一步研究以及山东省今后深部岩溶热储地热资源的勘探与开发利用具有一定指导意义和参考价值。     

青藏高原500hpa暖性高压生成的热成风适应机制

本文利用热成风适应原理,采取分解分析法对青藏高原500hpa暖性高压的生成机制作了一些定性和定量的讨论。结果表明:在扰动的水平尺度大于热成风适应的特征尺度的条件下,当源地有明显的负值非热成风涡度出现时,流场将向温度场适应,而温度场由于高原的加热作用存在暖中心或暖脊,则适应的结果在高原大气500hpa形成暖性高压,并伴随高层辐合,低层辐散及下沉运动。     

德州市城区地热水动态与开采量关系

德州市城区多年来因地热水大量开采,地热水位持续下降,并形成了以德州市城区为中心的地热水降落漏斗。根据区内馆陶组热储多年地热水动态与开采量进行分析研究,查明了区内地热水动态与开采量的相互关系,进一步揭示了人为活动的影响,建立了区内地热水动态与开采量相关方程,并通过方程曲线态势分析,提出了区内地热集中开采区馆陶组热储地热水预警开采量,为区内地热资源的可持续开发利用提供了科学依据。     

A semi-analytical solution for frost heave prediction of clay soil

Frost heave is one of the main freezing problems for construction in permafrost regions.The Konrad-Morgenstern segregation potential（SP） model is being used in practice for frost heave using numerical techniques.However,the heat release from in-situ and migrated water in the freezing zone could result in some numerical instability,so the simulation of frost fringe is not ideal.In this study,a semi-analytical solution is developed for frost heave prediction of clay soil.The prediction results to the two tests with different freezing mode with clay soil agree well with the tested behavior,which indicates the feasibility of the solution.