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31.
秦蕴珊,男,山东掖县人,1933年6月生,1956年毕业于北京地质学院。秦蕴珊研究员是我国著名的海洋地质学家。现任中国科学院海洋研究所所长,中国海洋湖沼学会理事长,中国海洋研究委员会主席。《海洋与湖沼》学报主编。他为我国海洋地质学科的创立和发展做出了重要贡献。他对中国陆架沉积作用和海底沉积物的类型、分布及物质组成进行了大量的调查和深入研究,不但从宏观上阐明了沉积物分布的空间格局,而且划分出两种不同时代和不同成因的内陆架和外陆架沉积,并编绘了完整的中国海陆架沉积类型图,建立了中国陆架的海底沉积模式。被国内… 相似文献
32.
根据酸性凝灰岩和酸性火山事件粘土岩的自然伽马测井曲线,对当前流传的"沉积岩层的放射性强度(或放射性核素的含量)随泥质含量的增加而增高"的概念和用自然伽马值及经验公式求泥质含量提出质凝。酸性凝灰岩的自然伽马曲线有高异常响应,若解释为泥岩显然是误解,故将沉积岩伽马曲线高异常一律解释为泥岩是片面的。各类火山事件粘土岩的伽马值相差悬殊,但其泥质含量几乎相等,用它们的伽马值计算泥质含量误差甚大。最后对铝土矿层的伽马曲线稍加解释,指出核测井应用的远景。 相似文献
33.
火山渣丘,是火山区内的一种特殊的地质现象,以前地其成因国内外尚无详细探讨和描述,有的学者曾经统称为副火山。笔者通过实地调查,对这一结论提出新的见解,认为火山渣丘的形成是一复杂的地质现象,其成因具有多元性。这对探讨火山喷发规律,对火山地质地貌的准确描述与具有积极作用。 相似文献
34.
密坑山锡矿田位于江西省会昌县西南约40km处。该区为一晚中生代破火山,火山岩为上侏罗统鸡笼嶂组流纹质凝灰熔岩及火山碎屑岩,火山口周围环状及放射状断裂发育,火山口中心为浅成相的密坑山似斑状钾长花岗岩中央岩株侵入体所充填。上世纪80年代以来,在该岩体与流纹质凝灰熔岩的内外接触带相继发现了岩背、淘锡坝、苦竹岽、矿背、上湾等一批大、中型锡多金属矿床或矿点,表明这一岩体对成矿具有重要的制约作用。 相似文献
35.
Franco Tassi Orlando Vaselli Elena Lognoli Fabrizio Cuccoli Barbara Nisi Elena Ramaldi Sandro Moretti Luca Lombardi Bruno Capaccioni 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):70-71
Mt. Amiata (Southern Tuscany, Central Italy) is an extinct Quaternary volcano located in an area still marked by high heat-flow that is caused by deep seated (6-10 km) hot masses related to Pliocene magmatic activity. The anomalous geothermal gradient gives rise, within the Mesozoic limestone formation (Tuscan series), to geothermal systems that fed the Ca-SO4 thermal springs characterizing this area. Besides of thermal fluids, several cold, dry CO2-rich gas emissions seep out on the NE flank of the volcano. These gas vents mostly consist of large sub-circular craters at variable depth and diameter (5-15 m and 10-50 m, respectively), and represent a serious hazard for the local population, as testified by the several asphyxia casualties that have been repeatedly occurred within these morphological depressions. In this work, the chemical and isotopic compositions of the Mt. Amiata "CO2-rich gas vents" and the estimation of both the CO2 flux from the soil and the CO2 distribution in air of their surroundings, has been carried out in order to: (1) assess the origin of gases, (2) recognize the mechanism of formation for these gas emissions and their relationship with local tectonics, and (3) to evaluate the CO2 hazard in the high flux emanations. The chemical composition of the gases is largely dominated by CO2 (up to 98 % by vol) and shows relatively high concentrations of N2, CH4 and H2S (up to 1.1%, 0.9% and 3.9 % by vol, respectively). These features, coupled with the carbon and nitrogen isotopic signatures, suggest that the origin of the main gas compounds may be related to the contribution of deep (i.e., thermometamorphic processes on carbonate formations for CO2) and shallow (i.e. thermal decomposition of organic material for CH4, N2 and H2S) sources. 相似文献
36.
Oleg Chudaev Valentina Chudaeva Kenji Sugimori Akihito Kuno Motoyuki Matsuo 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):211-211
On the Kuril Islands there are 85 volcanoes, 39 of which are active. Hot springs and mud pots are wide spread in this area and have significant inputs on the chemical composition of the surrounding surface waters and environment. We present results of trace elements as well as data on H, O, S, and He isotope ratios for hydrothermal systems of the Mendeleev Volcano (Kunashir Island) and surrounding surface waters. Water and gas samples were taken from springs and holes as well as creeks and the Lesnaya River. Among the thermal water types, three main groups can be distinguished. The first group includes the waters, in which SO4^- ion predominant. The water temperature on the surface reaches 97℃, and TDS varies from a few g/L to 7 g/L. These waters are acid to superacid with pH values ranging 0.6 to 2.3. The second group is sodium-chloride waters. A maximum TDS is 14.2 g/L. The waters are neutral or alkaline; pH varies from 6.9 to 8.2. The third group is the sodium-chloride-sulfate-bicarbonate water. The Stolbovskie springs, located in the periphery of the Mendeleev Volcano are representative of this type. The pH of these waters is close to neutral. TDS is 1.9 g/L. They are rather the derivatives of sodium-chloride waters arisen from dilution of them by subsurface waters. The Kuslyi Creek and Lesnaya River are located near the Mendeleev Volcano. The most acid springs discharge into the Kislyi Creek as a result pH of this creek being 2.5, and contents of most elements rather high. For example, the contents of dissolved solids of Si, Fe, Al, Mn, Zn, in waters of the Kislaya Creek are 22.1, 8.1, 6.2, 1.29, and 0.28 mg/L, and correspondently. The water of the Lesnaya River, (Before the Kislyi Creek, pH is about 8 with TDS 102 mg/L, but after the Kuslyi Creek, pH decreases and the concentrations of chemical elements increase. Debit of the Kislayi Creek in summer season is about 370 L/sec. It means that every day only this small creek inputs in the Lesnay River about 706 kg of Si; 相似文献
37.
Robert G. Eppinger Paul H. Briggs Cynthia Dusel-Bacon Stuart A. Giles Larry P. Gough Jane M.Hammarstrom Bernard E. Hubbard 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):232-232
The Bonnifield district hosts 26 tmmined volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) occurrences. Environmental geochemical samples of water and stream sediment were collected at several occurrences, concentrating on the two best-exposed and largest deposits, Red Mountain (RM) and Sheep Creek (SC). Limited samples were also collected at the poorly exposed WTF deposit. The deposits are Late Devonian to Early Mississippian, and are hosted by felsic metavolcanic and carbonaceous schist members of the Totatlanika Schist or Keevy Peak Fm. Spring and stream waters at RM and SC have pH values commonly 〈3.5 (as low as 2.4 at RM and 2.5 at SC), high conductivity (up to 11000 μS/cm), and very high (Is to 100s mg/L) dissolved contents of Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Pb. Waters at RM are characterized by extremely high REE contents (summed REE median 3200 μg/L, n=33). At both RM and SC, pyrite oxidation and dissolution produce low pH waters that interact with and dissolve bedrock minerals, resulting in acidic, metal-laden, naturally degraded streams that are mostly devoid of aquatic life. Ferricrete is common. In contrast, WTF barely produces a surficial environmental footprint, mostly due to topography and relief. RM and SC are well exposed in the areas of relatively high relief, and both exhibit extensive areas of quartz-sericite-pyrite-alteration. While WTF shares many of the same deposit-and alteration characteristics, it is concealed by tundra in a large, nearly flat area. Surface water at WTF is absent and outcrops are sparse. Even though WTF is roughly the same size as Red Mountain (both around 3 million tonnes) and has similar base- and precious-metal grades, the surficial geochemical manifestation of WTF is minimal. However, exposure through mining of the altered, mineralized rock at WTF potentially could initiate the same processes of pyrite oxidation, acid generation, and mineral dissolution that are observed naturally at RM and SC. 相似文献
38.
在波澜起伏的教改浪潮中,我尝试开设了“地震与火山”这堂公开课。在备课过程中查寻整理资料、制作修改课件、设计创立课堂流程,自然化了不少心思,然而作为教师的我,在这一过程中所学到的远不止课程本身或其所涉及到的相关领域知识、能力。几次“模拟演习”师生都能按事先设计好的环节逐一展开,当时我感到自然、流畅、顺利,然而在有众多领导、专家、教师在场的公开课堂上,学生、课堂带给我的却是另外一种东西,那是一种感动、一种启示,甚至是一种震撼。课后我及时与学生交流沟通,我想用字表达一下几个方面的感想与启示。 相似文献
39.
40.
吐拉苏火山盆地中与金成矿有关的热液富含K^+、Na^+、F、SO4^2-和N2、O2等,是一种主要来源于岩浆.火山的热液,有大气水参于的次生热液.平均均一温度96~158℃,平均盐度0.26%~1.08%,热液活动深度0.26~0.67km,具有低温、低盐度、在地壳浅部活动的基本特征.热液活动生成围绕金矿体由内向外环状展布的黄英岩化、高级泥化、泥化和绿泥石碳酸盐化4个围岩蚀变带.与其有关的金成矿期分为原生沉积富集和次生热液交代蚀变2期,后者包括毒砂黄铁矿化、面状硅化、脉状硅化和绿泥石碳酸盐化4个成矿阶段.金富集成矿主要与黄英岩化蚀变带和面状硅化、脉状硅化2个成矿阶段密切相关. 相似文献