现代黄河三角洲沉积层压实下沉的计算分析

1855年以来形成的厚度为15 m的现代黄河三角洲分流叶瓣在遭废弃后的最近30 a内的沉积压实幅度为2.28～3.87 m,年平均压实量达0.1 m,其中黏土质粉砂被压实了25.8%,粉砂沉积地层被压实了15.2%,黏土质粉砂的沉积压实量是粉砂沉积压实量的1.7倍,在此期间基本上完成了三角洲压实下沉过程。下伏沉积地层的压缩量有限,不同沉积年代的沉积压实下沉量相差小,如厚度为20～30 m的沉积压实量仅有0.2～0.28 m,其中黏土质粉砂被压实了0.91%,粉砂被压实了1.19%,沉积地层平均被压实了1%。无论是黏土质粉砂还是粉砂,孔隙度与沉积地层深度呈负指数函数关系,黏粒含量愈高,孔隙水则愈难以排出,覆盖在下伏沉积地层上面的表层沉积物对压实下沉贡献愈大。     

西安东部夜间异常增温原因及其数值模式预报订正

利用陕西省气象监测站观测资料、NCEP/NCAR和ERA5全球再分析资料,对2019年12月10日凌晨西安东部一次夜间温度异常跃增过程进行深入分析.结果表明:①此次夜间增温过程发展迅速、局地性强、预报难度大.②500 hPa内蒙东部冷槽底后部干燥的西北气流和850 hPa干暖气团有利于产生大气下沉绝热增温.西安地区近地...     

水库坝址地基塑性混凝土防渗墙抗渗性能检测分析

原位法测试防渗墙抗渗性能具有重大意义,测试结果准确可靠,采用围井注水法和常水头钻孔注水法,以每5 m分段和孔底-孔口整段两种方式计算周家营水库坝址防渗墙渗透系数,统计分析数据的分布区间。结果表明：常水头钻孔注水法测试的渗透系数比围井注水法高出1个数量级,围井注水测试的渗透系数与大多数钻芯取样测试结果更加接近,即围井注水法能够更加客观真实地反映工程实际情况。     

Analytical investigations of seismic responses for reinforced concrete bridge columns subjected to strong near-fault ground motion

Strong near-fault ground motion, usually caused by the fault-rupture and characterized by a pulse-like velocity- wave form, often causes dramatic instantaneous seismic energy (Jadhav and Jangid 2006). Some reinforced concrete (RC) bridge columns, even those built according to ductile design principles, were damaged in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. Thus, it is very important to evaluate the seismic response of a RC bridge column to improve its seismic design and prevent future damage. Nonlinear time history analysis using step-by-step integration is capable of tracing the dynamic response of a structure during the entire vibration period and is able to accommodate the pulsing wave form. However, the accuracy of the numerical results is very sensitive to the modeling of the nonlinear load-deformation relationship of the structural member. FEMA 273 and ATC-40 provide the modeling parameters for structural nonlinear analyses of RC beams and RC columns. They use three parameters to define the plastic rotation angles and a residual strength ratio to describe the nonlinear load- deformation relationship of an RC member. Structural nonlinear analyses are performed based on these parameters. This method provides a convenient way to obtain the nonlinear seismic responses of RC structures. However, the accuracy of the numerical solutions might be further improved. For this purpose, results from a previous study on modeling of the static pushover analyses for RC bridge columns (Sung et al. 2005) is adopted for the nonlinear time history analysis presented herein to evaluate the structural responses excited by a near-fault ground motion. To ensure the reliability of this approach, the numerical results were compared to experimental results. The results confirm that the proposed approach is valid.     

隔板贯通式梁柱节点抗震性能试验研究

设计了低周反复荷载作用下3个十字形足尺隔板贯通式梁柱节点试件(其中2个节点的柱子浇筑了混凝土,1个为空钢管)的拟静力试验。通过研究拟静力试验所得的滞回曲线求得该节点的等效阻尼比,衡量它的耗能能力。从恢复力特性曲线得到了和一次加载相接近的骨架曲线,节点的初始刚度和刚度退化等参数。通过这些从强度、变形和能量等三方面判别和鉴定隔板贯通式梁柱节点的抗震性能,并得出了一些具有参考价值的结论。     

锚定式方钢管混凝土柱与钢梁节点抗震性能试验研究

通过低周反复加载试验对6个锚定式方钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁节点进行了试验研究,研究了不同轴压比情况下节点的破坏模式、延性、耗能性能、强度及刚度退化等。试验结果表明,破坏之前节点具有良好的滞回性能、延性及耗能能力,满足现行抗震规范的要求。锚定式方钢管混凝土梁柱节点可以用于拉力较小的节点。文中提出了有关的设计建议。     

不同检测方法对混凝土波速的影响研究

为建立超声波法和低应变反射波法检测所得混凝土基桩波速的相互转换关系,本文给出了标准线性固体模型下粘弹性介质的三维和一维纵波速度之比及其实用简化公式,并且通过实验得出,混凝土构件的超声波速与1.054倍低应变动测波速之比处于1.03~1.12,具体数值会随着混凝土龄期、弹性模量和强度等级的增加而有所减小。     

装配式复式钢管混凝土柱-钢板剪力墙框架数值模拟

为研究复式钢管混凝土钢板剪力墙框架的抗震力学性能,基于装配式复式钢管混凝土柱-钢板剪力墙框架结构拟静力试验研究,合理采用材料本构关系并引入了损伤因子来考虑混凝土的损伤退化,利用ABAQUS软件建立两榀框架的有限元模型,并且对结构进行有限元计算.有限元模拟所得框架的滞回曲线与试验所得吻合良好,验证了有限元模拟的正确性.基...