河南省地质遗迹的调查开发与保护

地质遗迹是在地球演化的漫长地质历史时期,由于多种内外动力地质作用,形成、发展并遗留下来的珍贵的、不可再生的地质自然遗产。河南省大地构造位置跨华北板块和扬子板块,经历了漫长的地质演化历史,形成并遗留的地质遗迹十分丰富,其中不乏世界级的珍贵地质遗迹,国家级、大区级地质遗迹也为数不少,省级、市级地质遗迹更是不胜枚举。对河南省地质遗迹进行系统调查、重点研究、适度开发、合理保护,将对提高全民科学素质、社会意识、环保观念及当地科学品位,树立科学发展观,建立和谐社会具有重要的现实意义和长远意义。一、地质遗迹的系统调查河…     

ENCLOSURE EXPERIMENTS ON AND LACUSTRINE PRACTICE FOR ELIMINATING MICROCYSTIS BLOOM

Microcystis bloom, one of the most objectionable characteristics of eutrophication in tropical and subtropical waters, occurred in Donghu Lake (East lake) of Wuhan every summer from the 1970s up to 1984, but from 1985 up to now failed to occur there. The cause of its disappearance rema-ined in obscurity until recently. In situ enclosure experiments in the lake for three years showed that the stocking of the filter-feeding silver carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ) and big-head carp (Aristichthys nobilis ) played a decisive role in eliminating Microcystis bloom from the lake; but that recurrence of the bloom is possible under certain conditions. This paper presents the details and the results of enclosure ex-periments. The authors‘ analysis of fish biomass data obtained by echo-sounding and the fishery produc-tion of the lake over the years, revealed that the recurrence of Microcystis bloom can be prevented so long as the combined biomnss of silver carp and big-head carp remains at or exceeds 50 g per cubic meter of lakewater, as was the case in the lake‘s 1985 fish yield of 1015 t.     

建筑基础32程中常用的桩型及应用

一、常见桩类型（一）摩擦型桩1．摩擦桩外部荷载主要通过桩身侧表面与土层之间的摩擦阻力传递给周围的土层,桩端只承受部分荷载,一般不超过10％。如打在饱和软土地基和松砂地基中的桩。这类桩基的沉降较大,稳定时间也较长。2．端承摩擦桩在外部荷载作用下,桩的端阻力和侧摩阻力都同时发挥作用。如穿过软弱地层嵌人较坚实的硬粘土和砂、砾持力层的桩。这类桩的侧、端阻力所分担荷载的比例,与桩径、桩长、土层的摩擦系数以及持力层的承载力有关。     

文昌A凹陷珠海组低渗储层主控因素分析

文昌A凹陷珠海组属于低—特低渗储层,由于低渗储层砂岩致密、孔隙结构复杂,制约了油气田的产能及采收率的提高。通过应用测井资料、扫描电镜、粒度、压汞等分析化验资料,对文昌A凹陷珠海组低渗储层主控因素进行了综合研究。研究结果表明:储层孔隙以原生剩余粒间孔为主,次生溶孔次之,压实作用损失孔隙15.7%～23.6%,胶结作用损失孔隙4.2%～14.9%,成岩压实和胶结作用是储层低渗特征的主控因素。沉积作用控制着储层的厚度、砂岩粒度和泥质含量,决定着储层原生孔隙大小,是控制储层低渗成因的基本因素。而溶蚀作用不是广泛发育,是低渗储层形成的一个重要原因。     

Landscape Effects of Land Consolidation Projects in Central China——A Case Study of Tianmen City,Hubei Province

The goal of land consolidation in China is still to develop agricultural production. The study of landscape effects of land consolidation projects （LCPs） faces many difficulties because of the lack of government＇s interest and data. This paper, taking Tianmen City of Hubei Province in Central China as an example, presents a methodology for analyzing landscape effects of LCPs by GIS and Fragstats3.3. It describes landscape effects with indexes of Patch Density （PD）, Largest Patch Index （LPI）, Landscape Shape Index （LSI）, Interspersion and Juxtaposition Index （IJI）, Aggregation Index （AI）, and Shannon＇s Diversity Index （SHDI）, showing more regular shape, simpler structure and less habitat diversity after LCPs. It computes ten landscape indexes of four categories of patches including Cultivated Land, Road, Water Channel, and River and Pond. The indexes show that 1） cultivated land becomes more fragmental in patch area, less irregular in patch shape and more concentrated in block; 2） the transport capacity of roads and irrigation and drainage capacity of water channels have been improved; 3） the landscape change of river and pond can be summarized as decreasing scale, more regular shape, reducing connectivity and diversity of the class. LCPs can facilitate agricultural production as well as protect cultivated land and food security. However, it is doubted that the increase of cultivated land from LCPs results from the reducing in landscape diversity of water area.     

浅析道德情感在道德修养过程中的作用

道德情感作为人类特有的一种高级情感,是人类道德心理中最深沉又最活跃的内容,同时又是人们完善自己的一个方面。在道德实践活动中,道德情感和道德意识诸要素之间有着紧密的联系,着重论述道德情感在人的道德修养过程中的重要性。     

抽水和建筑荷载双重作用下的地面沉降模型

依据含水层质量守恒原理,推导了非固结地层在建筑荷载作用下的地面沉降机理模型,并将其与Jacob假定下抽水引起的地面沉降弹性模型相比较,结果发现两种模型的机理表达式完全一致,仅区别于水动力原因或实质的不同.在同一坐标系中,根据线性叠加原理,抽水沉降漏斗和荷载沉降漏斗可能都落在地下水位降落漏斗内.假定两者为相互独立事件,给出了抽水和建筑荷载双重作用下的地面沉降模型,表明其如果以水位降深为制约因子,则可以对水动力实质完全不同的两种沉降过程进行线性叠加计算.     

河南省矿产资源潜在价值究竟有多大

所谓矿产资源是指在地质作用过程中形成并蕴藏于地壳内(地表或地下)的有用的矿物或物质集合体,其质和量适合于工业要求,并在现有的社     

吉林南部太古宙TTG岩类的深熔作用及深熔熔体的分凝聚集

研究表明,吉林南部太古宙ＴＴＧ岩类中的部分岩石发生了深熔作用。深熔作用发生于ＴＴＧ岩类遭受高角闪相变质作用条件下,其温度为６６０～６７０℃,压力为０．６ＧＰａ左右。同时南北向韧性剪切变形作用促进了ＴＴＧ岩类的深熔作用,并为深熔熔体就位提供了主要空间。深熔岩浆分凝聚集结晶形成了淡色块状花岗岩类。发生深熔作用的ＴＴＧ岩石和淡色块状花岗岩类中均有两个世代的矿物组合,第一世代矿物代表ＴＴＧ岩石原有的矿物,第二世代矿物组合则代表ＴＴＧ岩石深熔熔体结晶的矿物相     

青藏高原环境正在不断恶化

中国地质调查局最新调查发现，由于地质作用等原因，青藏高原的环境正在不断恶化。