Heat flow pattern, base of methane hydrates stability zones and BSRs in Shenhu Area, northern South China Sea

Using the collected 433 heat flow values, we estimated the bases of methane hydrate stability zone (BHSZ), in northern South China Sea (NSCS). Through comparing BHSZs with the depths of bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs), in Shenhu Area (SA), we found that there are big differences between them. In the north of SA, where the water depth is shallow, many slumps developed and the sedimentation rate is high, it appears great negative difference (as large as -192%). However, to the southeast of SA, where the water depth is deeper, sedimentation rate is relatively low and uplift basement topography exists, it changes to positive difference (as large as +45%). The differences change so great, which haven’t been observed in other places of the world. After considering the errors from the process of heat flow measurement, the BSR depth, the relationship of thermal conductivity with the sediments depth, and the fluid flow activities, we conclude that the difference should be not caused by these errors. Such big disagreement may be due to the misunderstanding of BSR. The deviant “BSRs” could represent the paleo-BSRs or just gas-bearing sediment layers, such as unconformities or the specific strata where have different permeability, which are not hydraterelated BSRs.     

杭州湾北岸岸滩变化对海平面上升的响应——以龙泉—南竹港岸段为例

相对海平面上升引发的海岸潜在侵蚀是海岸带资源利用与规划的重点关注内容.基于杭州湾北岸龙泉—南竹港岸段实测断面资料,利用历史岸线后退和淹没法则计算法分析了该地区的海岸变化对海平面上升的响应.结果表明:近10 a来岸滩呈侵蚀后退趋势,年侵蚀速率为3.7～5.7 m/a,相对海平面上升对岸滩迁移后退的贡献为2％～6％;未来1...     

应用六氯化苯测年法对厦门港现代沉积速率的测定

岩芯柱样用静力岩芯采样器于1986年采自福建省厦门港一九龙江口海域。通过对这些岩芯柱样中六氯化苯(BHC)的垂直分布状况和生物扰动类型的分析,应用 S_R=D_(BHC-D_(mix)/Y的计算模式,获得了这些岩芯的现代沉积速率数据。将这些数据、方法与原理完全不同的~(210)Pb放射性同位素测年法同岩芯测年数据比较,其结果在数据和数量级上有一定可比性。初步认为,再经进一步探索和改进,BHC测年法有可能应用于近岸河口港湾几十年来现代沉积速率的测定而与其它测年法互为补充。     

南海輓近海平面变化与构造升降初步研究

揭示南海輓近海平面变动和古岸线诸多遗迹,探讨晚更新世以来海平面变化一般规律,初步分析南海周缘中全新世和现代地壳构造升降速率,得出本区海平面上升率适中参考值为0.10—2.0mm/a,初步估算未来50年内海平面变化趋势在1.26—4.0mm/a之间;而构造升降受块断差异运动控制,一般规律是南海北部沿岸自东向西递减,由福建南部1.15mm/a至海南岛南部0.54mm/a。近代地壳形变资料亦证实这种变化规律。     

最近80年来中国的相对海平面变化

本文搜集了32个验潮站的潮位记录,并对各站历年年平均海平面作线性回归分析。结果表明,最近20～80年来20个站的相对海平面上升,12个站的相对海平面下降。产生此结果的原因不仅是由于全球性理论海平面上升,而主要是由于现代地壳垂直形变及过量抽用地下水。因此,在沉降的三角洲和沿海平原上的验潮站,相对海平面上升;反之,在上升地块上的验潮站,则相对海平面下降。塘沽和吴淞两站的记录均已经地面沉降修正,不能用以计算该两地的相对海平面。由于特大的相对海平面上升(>10mm/a)均系过量抽用地下水所造成,为了预防和减轻今后海平面上升及其所引起的灾害,亟应采取严格措施,减小沿海地区的地下水开采量。     

舒曼海山铁锰结壳中钙质超微化石生物地层的年龄测定

用钙质超微生物地层学确定夏威夷考爱岛以北200英里，舒曼海山铁锰结壳内不同层次的年龄和生长速率．这项工作是利用不同地球化学指示物重现结壳古海洋历史研究的一部分．     

烟台平均海平面问题的研究

本文利用海洋台站的实测潮位资料，给出烟台平均海平面１９８１－１９９５年近１５年的变化趋势，并对近１５年平均少平面与多年平均海平进行了比较。通过将烟台与周转台站的同步潮位资料的分析，提出烟台平均海平面近１５年呈上升趋势。并分析了影响年平均海平面的主要因素。     

上海海平而变化规律及其长期预测方法的初探

根据１９１２￣１９９３年吴淞验潮站年平均潮位资料，采用多变量逐步回归和最大熵谱分析等方法分析以吴淞为代表的上海绝对海平面长期趋势的周期变化规律，并依此规律建立用作绝对海平面长期预报的叠加模型，由此预测２０１０年和２０３０的上海色对海平面相对于１９９０年的上升值为５ｃｍ，１１ｃｍ，结合已分布的未来上海地区地面和速率预测值，给出上述时段上海相对平面上升预测值分别为１７ｃｍ，３０ｃｍ。     

黄河口附近水文特征分析

The Huanghe River is the second largest river in our country. The average annual runoff at the estuary is 44.28 billion cubic meters, the average annual suspended load is 1.12 billion tons, of which 24% was deposited on the delta, 40% on the coast and the rest 36% is considered to be carried into the deep sea by various dynamic factors. We‘ve measured the temperature, salinity, current and suspended load in the estuary from autumn of 1983 to summer of 1984 for building a harbour in future. According to our data and other historical data from some institutes, we‘ve obtained following conclusions: 1) The distribution of temperature in winter is different with from that in summer: the contours of temperature in winter is parallel to coast line,and the contours of temperature in summer is coincident with latitudes. 2) The salinity in summer is lower than that in winter. There are three tongues of low values of salinity at the estuary in summer. They are pointed to North,North-east and South-east respectively. Only two tongues are appeared in winter-northward and south-eastward. 3) The distribution of suspended load is similar to the distribution of salinity,There are three tongues of high values of suspended load at the estuary in summer, they are pointed to North,North-east and Southeast respectively,the quantity of suspended load per litre in winter is much than in summer. 4) The influence of Huanghe River to North area of the estuary is less than to Laichou Bay. 5) The velocities of tide current at the estuary are very large.The maximum value is about 150era/see, and the directions of tide current are parallel to coastline.     

美国海岸侵蚀防护措施

影响海岸侵蚀的主要原因有海岸地貌、海滩植被．海平面水位变化、暴风(包括飓风和台风)、潮差及季节性水位变化、自然变化造成砂源供应短缺和人为活动引起的砂源供应变动．