湖沼沉积——过去变化的信息库

地球系统的变迁历史储存在形形色色的信息库中,但是,这些信息库恰如一场洪水后的图书馆,计算机索引不见了,教科书冲跑了,所能见到的文献亦残缺不全了。在这个劫后废墟上,我们一开始所能找到的只是一大堆百科全书和文献,阅读这些材料显然是十分冗长乏味的。只有通过极为细致的搜寻,才能偶尔见到少量保存完好的珍品。     

Element Abundances of China‘s Continental Crust and Its Sedimentary Layer and Upper Continental Crust

China’s continental crust (CCC) has an average thickness of 47km, with the upper continental crust (CUCC) being 31 km and the sedimentary layer(CSL) 5 km in thickness. The CCC, CUCC and CSL measure 12.437 × 10⁻¹⁷, 8.005 × 10⁻¹⁷ and 1.146 × 10¹⁷ metric tons in mass, respectively. The mass ratio of the upper continental crust to the lower one is 1.8:1. The element abundances were calculated for the CCC, CUCC and CSL respectively in terms of the chemical compositions of 2246 samples of various types and some complementary trace element data. The total abundance of 13 major elements accounts for 99.6% of the CCC mass while the other minor elements only account for 0.4%. REE characteristics, the abundance ratios of element pairs and the amounts of ore-forming elements are also discussed in the present paper.     

西班牙陆架晚更新世—全新世沉积物极高分辨率层序地层模型

在西班牙大陆边缘的一个地区完成了晚更新世－全新世沉积物地震剖面的层序地层分析，共识别出四类沉积背景：（１）低速沉降斜坡（２）高速沉降（２ｍ／千年）斜坡；（３）大西洋被动边缘“Ｒｒｉａ”型地貌；（４）具沉降作用的断层崖地貌体系。     

华北克拉通南缘早前寒武纪沉积物稀土地球化学特征及演化

华北克拉通南缘六个早前寒武地体的31件沉积物样品,其稀土特征及演化规律是:2300Ma后沉积物的∑REE高于2300Ma前者,沉积物Eu亏损始于2300Ma左右。此规律可以通过考虑沉积环境的改变,用软硬酸碱理论来合理地加以说明,2300Ma前还原背景的沉积物∑REE低,Eu正异常,2300Ma后氧化环境的沉积物∑REE高,Eu负异常。大气圈在2300Ma时由还原性质变为氧化性质。     

中国海岸风沙地貌与沉积研究的新进展

概述了我国在海岸古风成沙沉积地貌、风成沙年代学和陆架冰期沙漠化等方面研究的新近进展。