Revisiting Sustainable Development of Dry Valleys in Hengduan Mountains Region

Dry valleys are a striking geographic landscape in Hengduan Mountains Region and are characterized by low rainfall, desert type of vegetation and fragile environment. Past efforts and resources have been concentrated mainly on rehabilitation of degraded ecosystem and fragile environment, particularly reforestation, while socio-economic development has been largely overlooked. Despite successes in pocket areas, the overall trend of unsustainability and environmental deterioration are continuing. It is important to understand that uplift of the Tibetan Plateau is the root cause of development of dry valleys, and development and formation of dry valleys is a natural process. Human intervention has played a secondary role in development of dry valleys and degradation of dry valleys though human intervention in many cases has speeded up environmental degradation of the dry valleys. It is important to understand that dry valleys are climatic enclaves and an integrated approach that combines rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems and socio-economic development should be adopted if the overall goal of sustainable development of dry valleys is to be achieved. Promotion of niche-based cash crops, rural energy including hydropower, solar energy, biogas and fuelwood plantation is recommended as the priority activities.     

Geochemical survey of thermal system in Northeast China and their geothermometric characters

The chemical composition of several thermal springs around Changbaishan area has been investigated. Cenozoic basaltic rocks are widely distributed in Northeast China and geothermal characteristics have been described. About one hundred hot springs exist around Changhaishan Volcano at the border between China and D.P.R.Korea with high temperature about 82~C. The pH values of the spring water range from 6.9 to 7.1 and the total flow rate is about 4.8 L/sec. The chemical composition of the thermal springs is sodium carbonate; the high-mineral contents of thermal water are believed to have medicinal properties. Bathhouses are already built along the hot springs to take the advantage of the supposed healing properties. The high quality of those hot springs is believed to be utilitized for mineral water. The chemical equilibrium temperatures were estimated at about 160℃ based on the Na-K-Ca geochemical thermometer.     

MATLAB在运用系统建模处理南海气象数据过程中应用

介绍了MATLAB语言特点和系统建模方法的基本理论.根据南海气象数据的实际建模处理过程,给出了建模的详细步骤及其MATLAB实现过程以及MATLABTM的主要实现程序.试验讨论和结果表明利用MATLAB语言可以方便地对南海气象数据用系统建模方法进行建模和处理,MATLAB在运用系统建模法处理南海气象数据方面具有明显的优越性.     

青藏块体东北缘断层形变与中强地震

对祁连山－海原断裂带近期断层形变特征进行了初步研究，发现多场地，大范围的断层活动异常是中等强度地震发生的显著背景，并且往往与大陆地震活动的阶段性总体状况相呼应；区域形变存在明显的特征量，包括特征形态和特征时间，同一场地在不同地震前的异常特征具有重复性，但会受到背景差异显著的不同地震的影响，目前形变状况表明研究区仍具有发生中强地震的地壳运动背景。     

玛多黄河源区生态环境治理:任重道远

黄河,发源于青藏高原巴颜喀拉山北麓。玛多县境是黄河源区的主要片区,这里因处于三江源区青藏高原腹地及其特殊的地理位置和高寒多风干旱的气候,生态环境十分脆弱。近20年来,由于大气环境的逐渐变暖和人类活动的加剧如草原开发和过牧等因素,玛多县境内黄河河段、湖泊、湿地及草     

φ1.56米望远镜观测室圆项风帘随动系统的计算机控制

本文介绍了上海天文台φ1.56米望远镜观测室圆项风帘随动系统的计算机控制过程，包括软件设计思想和硬件接口，并着重介绍了A、Z指令位置求解的捷经判别、tg^-10/0型的处理及软件自恢复功能等。     

Ⅱ型光电等高仪自动观测系统

本文叙述了APPLE－Ⅱ微机控制光电等高仪观测的系统，该系统可以实现自动导星、定位、跟踪与换星。在控制系统中应用了高精度的圆感应同步测角器和简单的恒星时钟卡。该系统的望远镜定位精度达±3″，跟踪精度达±5″。该套设备现在已投入正常使用，对改善观测条件和提高观测质量取得了明显效果。     

由采矿活动产生的金属的环境影响过程、预测及防治

虽然采矿活动影响的面积相对较小，但它能对环境产生巨大的局部影响。从采场释放的金属最初是通过矿山排放酸水和废石，尾矿的侵蚀产生的。本文简述了对矿山酸水排放所释放的金属进行预测的现有方法。一项应用地球化学模型预测矿山排放酸水和尾矿带入影响河系中铜浓度研究表明，实测的结果与预测的吻合良好。对于大规模的工业矿山开采，现已有方法对其进行预测并使其免遭污染。但是，大量小规模的采矿活动很难控制。巴西采金矿活动中