渤海海域的上第三系油气研究

综述了渤海湾盆地沉积与构造活动在时间与空间上的迁移与演化、烃源岩与储盖层的空间分布规律，结合盆地内的勘探现状分析了渤海湾海域上第三系的油气远景。认为盆地内凸起、低凸起以上第三系为主体，伴有东营组和前第三系油气藏的复式油气聚集带是目前渤海油气勘探最现实的有利目标。     

Formation Models and Distribution of Oil and Gas Pools in Tarim Basin,China

This article reports the main formation models and distribution of the oil and gas pools in Tarim basin,China,including (I) occurrence of the found oil and gas pools,(2) main formation models of oil and gas pools,and (3) distribution law of oil/gas pools.Petroleum is distributed widely in the strata of Tarim basin from the Sinian at the bottom to the Neogene at the top.However,the found oil and gas fields are mainly distributed in Shaya (沙雅) uplift,Tazhong (塔中) uplift,and Kuche (库车)depression.This article presents 4 main formation models,namely,early formation and long-term preservation,early formation and late reformation,middle-late multiphase-multisource formation,late single-stage formation.Tarim basin is very rich in petroleum resources.Long-term inherited intrabasinal paleohighs and slope zones are the most favorable areas for accumulation of hydrocarbons,but the types of oil and gas pools are different from area to area.The control of unconformities and faults on hydrocarbon accumulating is prominent in Tarim basin.Preservation conditions are of utmost importance.Formation of some oil and gas pools is the result of reforming and re-accumulating of early accumulated hydrocarbons.     

关注苏皖南部地区海相油气资源

据苏皖南部地区地表露头及部分井下所发现的海相油气显示表明,这里存在海相油气资源勘探远景,关注这一地区的海相油气资源,如何开展和寻找这类油气资源,将有利于该地区区域性经济建设的可持续发展。     

镇北地区延长组层序地层划分及含油气特征

依据层序地层学原理,应用钻井、测井和地震等资料,对镇北地区延长组地层层序进行划分.可将其划分成四个三级层序(S1,S2,S3,S4).每个层序又包括三个体系域:即低位体系域、水进体系域和高位体系域.研究结果表明:层序对含油气特征的控制主要表现在两个方面:(1)层序控制了生储盖的组合;(2)层序控制着储层的展布和储集性能,综合反映延长组含油气特征.     

松辽盆地葡萄花油田北部鞍部地区成藏控制因素分析

在系统描述葡萄花油田北部鞍部地区构造特征和断裂体系的基础上,分析了烃源岩大量排烃期与构造形成时期的匹配关系、砂体分布、地层压力和断层封闭性对研究区成藏的控制作用。研究结果表明:烃源岩大量排烃期和构造形成时期良好匹配,地层压力低势区和在成藏时期断块边界断层侧向开启是成藏的有利条件,构造和砂体分布则是成藏的主要控制因素。研究区成藏条件较好,可作为有利扩边潜力区。     

基于传统吸附烃概念的烃类检测新技术

烃类是地表油气地球化学勘查地下油气藏的直接指标.目前我国油气化探中常用的酸解烃法检测出的烃类,不应定义为"吸附烃",它是介质吸收的产物,属结合态烃类,应定义为"吸收烃".地表酸解烃异常十分稳定,重现性好,能够很好地证明地质历史上曾经有过的烃类运移过程,但在反映目前深部油气信息方面具有多解性.针对酸解烃法的弱点,依据烃类垂向运移理论和物质吸附作用原理,自行设计开发、研制了一套吸附烃脱气装置,建立了土壤吸附烃提取新技术和检测方法.该方法有利于在近地表获取油气系统的动态信息,强化烃类测量法对其信息源的探测,可以提高地表油气化探预测油气分布的成功率.     

油气化探同步荧光技术中的若干问题

在试验的基础上,对油气化探固定波长同步荧光测试技术中光谱图的认识、波长差与方法灵敏度的关系以及同步荧光与其他荧光方法的内在关系等问题作了深入的研究和探讨,澄清了该技术在实际应用工作中较易产生混淆的几个问题,旨在推动该项技术在油气化探工作中的进一步应用和发展.     

Research Advances and Exploration Significance of Large-area Accumulation of Low and Medium Abundance Lithologic Reservoirs

In recent years, a series of large low and medium abundance oil and gas fields are discovered through exploration activities onshore China, which are commonly characterized by low porosity-permeability reservoirs, low oil/gas column height, multiple thin hydrocarbon layers, and distribution in overlapping and connection, and so on. The advantageous conditions for large-area accumulation of low-medium abundance hydrocarbon reservoirs include： （1） large （fan） delta sandbodies are developed in the hinterland of large flow-uncontrolled lake basins and they are alternated with source rocks extensively in a structure like ＂sandwiches＂; （2） effective hydrocarbon source kitchens are extensively distributed, offering maximum contact chances with various sandbodies and hydrocarbon source rocks; （3） oil and gas columns are low in height, hydrocarbon layers are mainly of normal-low pressure, and requirements for seal rock are low; （4） reservoirs have strong inheterogeneity and gas reservoirs are badly connected; （5） the hydrocarbon desorption and expulsion under uplifting and unloading environments cause widely distributed hydrocarbon source rocks of coal measures to form large-area reservoirs; （6） deep basin areas and synclinal areas possess reservoir-forming dynamics. The areas with great exploration potential include the Paleozoic and Mesozoic in the Ordos Basin, the Xujiahe Formation in Dachuanzhong in the Sichuan basin, deep basin areas in the Songliao basin etc. The core techniques of improving exploration efficiency consist of the sweetspot prediction technique that focuses on fine characterization of reservoirs, the hydrocarbon layer protecting and high-speed drilling technique, and the rework technique for enhancing productivity.     

南海北部深水盆地沉积-构造的差异性及其油气意义

南海北部深水区自西向东依次分布着琼东南盆地、珠江口盆地、台西南盆地等新生代被动陆缘盆地,这些盆地经历了大致相当的从裂陷到坳陷的构造演化史,但在张裂活动过程中存在着明显的沉积-构造的差异性。构造沉降特征分析显示:在同一构造带上自西向东有盆地主要构造沉降发生的时段逐步变晚的趋势;在不同构造带上自北向南有盆地主要构造沉降发生的时段逐步变晚的趋势。这种沉积-构造的差异性对烃源岩的发育类型、分布及生储盖组合等方面有明显的控制作用,表现为:裂谷期构造沉降幅度大的盆地,陆相烃源岩发育,以陆生陆储陆盖型成藏组合为主;裂后期构造沉降幅度大的盆地,海相烃源岩发育规模较大,海生海储海盖型成藏组合及混生海储海盖型生储盖组合所占分量逐渐增多。推测渐新统湖相-湖沼相及海陆过渡相源岩和中新统海相烃源岩应是南海北部深水区油气的主要来源,陆生海储海盖型、海生海储海盖型及混生海储海盖型生储盖组合应是深水区基本生储盖组合类型。     

利用航磁数据识别浅覆盖区地质体的方法研究

在浅覆盖区,常规填图方法填制的地质图,由于信息量少导致整体质量不高.利用勘查技术方法来提高覆盖区地质填图的效率、质量和地质研究水平,具有重要的现实意义.航磁方法是其中的一种重要方法,但航磁测量获取的数据是磁异常迭加的综合反应,而区域地质填图仅描述地表附近的地质情况,直接利用航磁数据辅助地质填图是不合理的.因此,基于插值切割、数理统计和灰色关联度分析等方法,提出了一种剔除深部影响,利用浅层岩石磁性分布规律和磁性差异来识别浅覆盖区地质体的新思路.经选用黑龙江省塔河地区数据进行验证,识别效果明显.