油气二次运移研究进展述评

油气运移,尤其油气的二次运移是石油地质学研究的重要内容,同时也是一个薄弱环节。20世纪90年代以来,油气二次运移研究所取得的主要进展是:①对油气二次运移机理的认识有了很大提高;②油气二次运聚模拟实验设计更加科学,实验结果更为可信;③油气二次运聚数值模拟水平有了长足进步。深入的综合研究和油气运移聚集的三维可视化模拟是今后的研究方向。     

物化探方法在种桃岭金铜矿区的找矿效果

根据种挑岭金铜矿区的地球物理和地球化学特征圈定矿（化）体的范围,推断矿（化）体的产状规模,经钻孔证灾在预测部位见金铜矿体;并总结出该区物化探异常与金铜成矿的对应关系。     

云南墨江金矿热水喷流沉积成岩成矿的地质地球化学证据

在墨江金矿区发现了两个热水喷流沉积旋回，赋矿地层烂山段出露的硅质岩和（黄铁矿）硫化物岩具有低TiO2,Al2O3和富含As,Sb,Au,Ag,Hg含量特征，稀土元素具有总量低，轻稀土总量高于重稀土特征，其球粒陨石标准化模式为向右倾曲线，大多数样品具有负Eu异常；而其北美页岩标准化曲线向左倾，在SiO2-Al2O3,Al-Fe-Mn和Al2O3-TFeO-CaO等地球化学图解上，大多数样品位于热水沉积区，当样品中含有火山角砾成分时偏离热水沉积区，研究表明硅质岩和（黄铁矿）硫化物岩主要由热水喷流沉积形成的，再结合矿床地质特征，认为墨江金矿存在早期热水喷流沉积成岩成矿作用，形成了矿化或低品位矿石，并可能与下伏火山喷发有关，这为墨江金矿的成因研究和进一步找矿开辟新的思路。     

西成矿田层控铅锌矿床的成矿机制

The material source, physico-chemical conditions and reworking geological agents have been explored of stratabotmd Pb-Zn-barire deposits occurring in western Qinling based on the data on mineralogy, petrochemistry, dispersed dements, isotopic geochronology, stable isotopes (common lead, carbon, sulfur, oxygen end hydrogen), fluid inclusions, and high temperature-high pressure experiments. Also discussed are the geochemical characteristics of mineralization of carbonate-type Pb-Zn ore deposits. Evidence shows that the marine carbonate formation of the Middle-Upper Devonian series is the source bed of these ore deposits.Biochemical process, detrital transportation and subcontemperaneous dolomitizatien are responsible for the contemporaneous enrichment of ore-forming components. Ore depositionin response to tectonism end regional metamorphism took place during the Indosinian-Yenshanian orogenic movement. All these deposits can be divided into two genetic types: sedimentary-metamorphosed and sedimentary-reworked although they still possess their own metallegenetic characteristics.     

银山西区铜金铅锌矿床微量元素地球化学特征

对矿床微量元素的研究表明，矿区双桥山群地层和英安斑岩中，主要成矿元素Ｃｕ，Ａｕ，Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ等丰度很高，具有明显的富集，可以为矿床的形成提供足够的矿质来源，矿床的铜金矿化与铅锌矿化系不同的成矿阶段形成的，并存在矿化发带现象，在矿体中不同类型矿化生的微量元素存在着明显的差异，可以作为相应矿体的近矿指示元素。     

三塘湖盆地石炭系火山岩油气储层特征及碱性成岩作用

利用岩心、薄片、扫描电镜、测井及储层物性资料,通过对三塘湖盆地石炭系火山岩储层特征的研究,得到以下认识:①岩性上以玄武岩、安山岩及其过渡岩性为主;②岩相上以溢流相为主,爆发相之碎屑流亚相及爆发相内部的"岩体内松散层"次之;③次生储集空间往往叠加在原生储集空间之上,孔、洞、缝交织在一起形成有效储集空间;④储层物性整体表现出以安山岩类最好、玄武岩类次之的特征;⑤由浊沸石化、钠长石化、钠铁闪石化、菱铁矿化和SiO2溶解现象证明了石炭系火山岩中碱性流体的存在,其碱交代作用使储层中矿物组分迁移,为储层形成奠定了矿物学基础;⑥碱性成岩作用在石炭系火山岩中普遍存在,其"上硅下碱"的垂向分带规律形成和保存了大量次生孔隙,为次生孔隙带的发育奠定了基础;⑦流体在储层形成过程中发挥了重要作用,本区石炭系火山岩储层的形成揭示了一种"碱性+酸性"叠加溶蚀的火山岩储层形成机理.     

REE Geochemistry of Precambrian Metamorphic Rocks in Wutaishan Region

The metasedimentary-volcanic series of the Wutai and Hutuo groups experienced regional metamorphism and thus turned into moderate-to low-grade metamorphic rocks.REE abundances and REE distribution patterns in the Shizui and Taihuai Subgroup metasedimentary-volcanic rocks are typical of the Archean,whereas the Gaofan Subgroup and the Hutuo Group show post-Archean REE geochemical char-acteristics.Five types of REE distribution pattern are distinguished:(1)rightward inclined smooth curves with little REE anomaly(Eu/Eu*=0.73-0.95) and heavy REE depletion (e.g.the Late Archean metasedimentary rocks);(2)rightward inclined V-shaped curves with sharp Eu anoma-ly (Eu/Eu*=0.48-0.76) and slightly higher ∑REE (e.g.the post-Archean metasedimentary rocks);(3) rightward inclined steep curves with negative Eu anomaly(Eu/Eu*=0.73-0.76) and the lowest ∑REE (e.g.the post-Archean dolomites);(4)rightward inclined,nearly smooth curves with both positive Eu anomaly and unremarkable positive Eu anomaly(Eu/Eu*=0.95-1.25)(e.g.the meta-basic volcanic rocks);and (5) rightward inclined curves with Eu anomaly(Eu/Eu*=1.09-1.19)and heavy REE depletion(e.g.the meta-acid volcanic rocks).Strata of the two groups are considered to have been formed in an island-arc belt-an instable continental petrogenetic environment.     

琼西抱板群变质沉积岩地球化学研究

琼西中元古代抱板群变质沉积岩可分为白云母石英片岩组和石英二云母片岩组，其原岩为砂岩质泥质沉积岩夹火山物质。白云母石英片岩组和石英二云母片岩组在地球化学成分上的差异是原始沉积化学分异作用的结果。对主元素、微量元素（含稀土元素）及Sm-Nd同位素的综合研究表明，海南岛存在古元古代或更早的古老基底，抱板群变质沉积岩一部分来源于成熟度较低的古老地壳物质，另一部分来源于含地幔火山物质较多的初生地壳，或与研究区大规模造山运动、构造－岩浆活动所伴生的地幔物质加入有关。初步研究显示，琼西抱板群变质沉积岩可能是造山带岛弧和活动大陆边缘区（扩张弧后或弧间盆地）大地构造环境下的沉积产物。     

广东茂名地区二叠以状硅质岩成因地球化学特征及其沉积环境意义

在广东茂名地区二叠系地层中存在地导整合产生的层状硅质岩。硅质岩富Ｆｅ，Ｍｎ，相对贫Ａｌ；富集Ａｓ，Ｓｂ，Ｂｉ，Ｇａ等微量元素，稀土元素总量低，Ｃｅ弱负异常，重稀土相对富集，δ＾３０Ｓｉ值变化范围为０．０００３～０．０００７，。δ＾１８Ｏ值变化范围为０．０１４８～０．０２２３，均具热水沉积硅质岩的地球化学特征，在Ａｌ－Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ－（Ｎｉ＋Ｃｏ＋Ｃｕ）三角图上，本区硅质岩均属于典型的热水积硅质岩，硅质