用快速仿真退火进行走时层析成像

本文主要介绍一种与射线追踪无关的走时成像方法，使用一种非线性最优化算法，称为非常快速的仿真退火。利用立方Ｂ样条对地下地质体进行参数化，此网格在水平和垂直坐标是可变化的，这个灵活的网格可以容 等复杂程度的构造，并只用几个节点，我们试图求观测与预测走时之间的均言差进行极小化。时使用有限差分算法，不仅在样条节点位置上求速度，而且还求在每个维方向上的网格间距，由于在计算期间避免了局部极小，求出的解与初始模     

推进我国区域化探发展的一些建议

推进我国区域化探发展的一些建议施俊法，肖桂义（中国地质矿产信息研究院，北京１０００３７）（中国地质勘查技术院，北京１０００８３）自１９７９年我国实施区域化探全国扫面计划以来，已覆盖了４６８ｋｍ’的面积，获得了高质量的地球化学数据。面对寻找大型超大型矿...     

浅海油气地球化学勘查前景

在我国,浅海油气地球化学勘查还刚刚开始,规模较小,但前景广阔。本文根据我们在东海平湖地区的实践,较系统地介绍了浅海油气地球化学勘查的发展概况、方法技术及初步成果,并简要地讨论了其影响因素及推断解释方面的有关问题。     

地质雷达及其在环境地质中的应用

本文结合近几年联邦德国在环境地质方面的研究工作对地质雷达在环境工程领域中的应用范围及其局限性作了简要总结,文中并介绍了地质雷达技术的方法原理及存在问题。     

浅层地震勘探在岩溶调查中的应用效果

浅层地震勘探在岩溶调查中的应用效果刘保全（国家地震局地球物理勘探中心，郑州４５０００３）近年来，浅层地震勘探等工程物探方法在工程勘察领域得到了广泛的应用。我单位通过在一些工程项目中采用浅层地震勘探进行工程地质勘察．取得了一些资料和经验，并将该方法应用...     

A Study on Organic Inclusions in Clastic Reservoir Rocks and Their Application to the Assessment of Oil and Gas Accumulations

Terrigenous clastic reservoir rocks are widespread in China,and nearly all the industrial oil and gas accumulations in eastern China occur in the clastic rocks.The study shows that organic inclusions are mostly distributed in the secondary fissures and pores which were ormed in the process of oil-rock interaction,rather than in the cements or secondary enlargements. The organic inclusions are dominantly organic gas-rich or are composed of pure hydrocarbons.Homogenization temperatures range mainly from 120℃ to 130℃，which shows a relatively high maturity of organic matter.Vertical and horizontal temperature changes provide the grounds for the investigation of basin evolution and thermal fluid-kinetics-model.Fluorescence spectral characteristics o the organic inclusions indicate that oils and gases in the area studied probably have experienced two-stage or two-time migration.Micro-fluorescence rescearch is one of the effective approaches to oil/source correlation and oil migration-stage determination.The abundance and occurrence of organic inclusions is one of the indicators of oil and gas abundance and accumulation in rock layers.With the help of other informatio,organic inclusions can provide the basis for the prospective assessment of oil and gas in clastic reservoir rocks.     

A Study on the Geological—Geochemical Dynamics of Hydrothermal Ore Deposition as Exemplified by the Muping—Rushan Gold Deposit Belt,Eastern Shandong,China

This paper presents a method of establishing a hydrothermal ore-forming reaction system.On the basis of the study of four typical hydrothermal deposits,the following conclusions concerning geochemical dynamic controlling during hydrothermal mineralization have been sions concerning geochemical dynaamic controlling during hydrothermal mineralization have been drawn:(1)The regional tectonic activities control the concentration and dispersion of elements in the ore-forming process in terms of their effects on the thermodynamic nature and conditions of the ore-forming reaction system.(2)During hydrothermal mineralization the activites of ore-bearing faults can be divideb into two stages:the brittle splitting stage and the brittle-tough tensing stage,which would create characteristically different geodynamic conditions for the geochemical thermodynamic ore-forming system.(3)The hydrothermal ore-forming reaaction system is an open dynamic system.At the brittle splitting stage the system was so strongly supersaturated and unequilibrated as to speed up and enhance the crystallization and differentiation of ore-forming fluids.And at the brittle-tough tensing stage,the ore-forming system was in a weak supersaturated state;with decreasing temperature and pressure the crystallization of oreforming material would show down,and it can be regarded as an equilibrated state.(4)In the lates stages of hydrothermal evolution,gold would be concentrated in the residual ore-forming solution.The pulsating fracture activite in this stage led to the crush of pyrite ore and it was then filled with gold-enriched solution,forming high-grage“fissure”gold ore.This ore-forming process could be called the coupling mechanism of ore formation.