奇异值分解法解病态方程组的研究及在重力密度反演中的应用

本文介绍了奇异值分解法的基本原理,剖析了此种方法克服病态的实质,并将SVD方法用于根据重力异常观测值反演地下地质体密度分布的数值计算中,在计算中考虑到数据误差,计算舍入误差,以及计算机机器精度①对数值计算的综合影响,取得了较好的反演效果。     

中国大陆地区热流数据的分布及其初步分析

本文首次系统地收集整理了观测资料比较齐全、国内公开发表的热流数据167个,并对之进行了初步分析。这些数据的地理分布还很不均匀,热流值变化范围为25—245mWm-2,多种平均方法得到的结果表明,中国大陆区域代表性热流值范围为61—68mWm-2。作者所作的经纬度网格和条带统计还揭示,数据覆盖区内热流沿经、纬向的分布有明显的差异,纬向条带平均热流值看来具有波状起伏变化的规律。这一结果已经得到日本及其周围海域热流数据的初步印证,如果获得更广泛的证实,无疑具有深刻的地质和地球物理意义     

地应力测量结果的校验和震前观测事实

广东省琼中和甘肃省永靖两地应力站的观测资料,在经过统计分析处理和力学校验后表明,1982年1月25日广东省崖县4.1级地震和1984年1月6日甘肃省武威5.5级两次地震前,相对稳定的区域应力场在孕震后期可能分别受到扰动。测区附加应力状态变化的共同特征是:(1)最大水平主应力曲线呈现非线性变化;(2)主应力方向发生系统偏转;(3)应力的变化趋势在震后迅速恢复稳定,但附加应力水平有所下降。      

THE MEASUREMENT ON VISCOSITY Q VALUE USINGP-WAVE OF LOCAL EARTHQUAKESIN WESTERN YUNNAN PROVINCE 滇西地区近震(?)波的粘性 Q_α值测定

本文使用云南滇西地区、红河断裂带北段1984——1985年由PDR-2数字事件记录仪记录到的84张地震记录图,按文献〔4〕中所述的理论和方法,用直达(?)波资料计算了该区的分区粘性多Q_α值,初步结论是:整个场区内介质粘弹性可用非线性体去近似模拟。Q_α值分布情况为:由云龙、洱源、漾濞三点所成的三角区内,其值约为50±30左右较低,而沿弥渡向北,经下关至剑川所示的整个断裂带上所测Q_α值较高,约在160±30左右。反映了明显的构造差异性。     

粤西地区的地震尾波Q值和尾波衰减特征

根据Aki的尾波理论,利用短周期仪器记录的地震资料,用两种方法估测了粤西地区的尾波Q值,得到了如下结果;Q_0值为260—370,频率相关系数η值为0.0—0.2。阳江地区的Q_0值较低,其它地区大致相同.Q_0值的分布与地质构造和地震活动有较好的相关性. 研究了粤西地区的尾波衰减特征,得到尾波衰减率K为1.88—3.18,K值与Q值的分布彼此有较好的对应性。以上结果可为地震烈度衰减和地震危险性分析等方面的研究提供参考。     

Experimental Studies of the Solubility of Cassiterite and the Extraction of Tin from Granitic Melts

Experiments indicate that the solubility of cassiterite can be enhanced by increasing either acidity or alkalinity in hydrothermal solutions as a consequence of the duality of tin.The minimum solubility of cassiterite is found in neutral solutions.F-and CL-coordination compounds of Sn can alternate with hydroxyl coordination compounds with changing pH in the solutions.In this case,F^- and Cl^- and OH^- can be substituted with each other.The dissolution reaction of cassiterite is of reducing nature.High temperature and acidic reducing environment are favorable for the dissolution of cassiterite and the trans-port of Sn^2 compounds in fluids or solutions.High-temperature fluoride and chloride fluids can all dissolve,extract and enrich Sn to form F^- and /or Cl-coordination compounds,However,Fplays a more important role than Cl.F-coordination compounds are more stable and efficient than Cl-coordination compounds during the transport an enrichment of Sn in melts or solutions.The solubili-ty of cassiterite and the amount of Sn extracted from granitic melt depend not only on T,P,pH and Eh in the fluids or solutions,but also on the amounts of dissociated F^- and Cl^- in the fluids.     

Oceannographic Chemistry of Calcium Carbonate in the Sea Area at the Pearl River Mouth

Based on the analytical results for 101 samples from 50 survey spots,this paper describes the changes in rations of various components in calcium carbonate from the sea area at the Pearl River mouth with pH.Relations of ∑CO2 with salinity,and Ca concentration with salinity in different parts of the river mouth have been established.The annual throughput of Ca from the Pearl River and the saturation degrees of calcite and aragonite have been calculated.