DETERMINATION OF AMINO ACIDS IN TWO POLYSIPHONIA SPECIES AND STUDY OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS METHOD

The total content ot the nch amino acids in two common red algae, Potystpnoma urceolata and Polysiphonia japonica growing in the Qingdao seashore were determined. The algae powder was hydrolyzed by 6 mol/L HC1 at 110℃ for 48 h and determined by amino acid analyzer. The content was 25.35% and 24.16% , respectively, much higher than that of some other species. In addition, a nutritive liquid with abundant amino acids was prepared (by the enzymatic hydrolysis method using Polysiphonia urceolata ) as raw material for a kind of health beverage. The dried seaweed was decolored by 0.25% KMnO4 and 0.5% active carbon, then enzymalized. In the selection of enzymalizing condition, the orthogonal experimental design was used. Four factors including kinds of enzyme, quantity of enzyme, temperature and time were studied at 3 levels. According to the orthogonal design results, we can choose an optimal condition: hydrolyzing at 45℃ by neutral proteinase (0.25% , w/w) for 2 h, adjusting pH to 8.5, then adding trypsin (0.25% , w/w) and hydrolyzing for 2 h. Finally the above solution was alkalized by NaOH and neutralized by casein. After the hydrolyzed liquid was filtered and concentrated, suitable additives were added. The final products contain rich amino acids.     

响应面法优化香港巨牡蛎蛋白酶解工艺的研究

以水解度为指标,比较了6种蛋白酶对香港巨牡蛎(Crassostrea hongkongensis)的水解效果。在单因素考察实验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken模型响应面设计,建立香港巨牡蛎蛋白酶解的二次回归模型,确定最佳的水解条件。实验结果表明,海产品专用蛋白酶对香港巨牡蛎蛋白的水解效果优于其他蛋白酶,该酶的最佳水解条件为:酶与底物比为5.93%,酶解时间为4.07 h,酶解温度为54.6℃。在此条件下,海产品专用蛋白酶酶解香港巨牡蛎蛋白的水解度达到25.73%±2.39%。本研究为香港巨牡蛎的开发和利用提供了理论依据。     

水解-好氧组合工艺处理玉米淀粉废水的机理

根据水解-好氧处理系统中碳水化合物、蛋白质、挥发性有机酸和微生物的变化规律,探讨了利用水解-好氧组合工艺处理玉米淀粉废水的机理,得出废水中碳水化合物的降解速率远大于蛋白质.在水力停留时间为10h的第一水解段,蛋白质的去除率仅为16%,而碳水化合物的去除率却高达91%.在此组合工艺中,水解段均具有去除废水中BOD5、CODCr和提高废水可生化性的双重作用,但水解段对BOD5的去除率小于对CODCr的去除率.好氧段的主要作用是去除CODCr、氮、磷.好氧生物膜中出现钟虫、累枝虫和轮虫组合是整个工艺出水水质良好的生物学标志.     

Structural change and mineralogical transformation mechanism of aluminum hydroxide gels from forced hydrolysis Al（Ⅲ） solutions containing AlO4Al12（OH）24（H2O）12^7＋ polyoxycation during aging

The structural change and mineralogy of Al gel during aging time were investigated by using spectroscopy techniques. The results indicated that: 1) the aggregation extent of solution-gel system increases with aging time, and the structure of amorphous gel becomes more short-ordered; 2) after six months, the gel formats nordstrandite and little gibbsite; 3) a marked decrease in the number of (Al-OH)_oh bands occurring at 610 cm⁻¹ and increase in the number of (Al-OH₂)_oh bands occurring at 555 cm⁻¹ indicate that the gel undergoes rearrangement-like process during aging; 4) the gel constantly contains Al-O tetrahedron of Keggin structure, but the signal peak occurring at ≈61×10⁻⁶ of ²⁷Al MAS NMR have a slight shift to downfield with aging time. A mineralogical transformation mechanism for hydrolysis Al(III) solution was proposed.     

石榴石塑性变形的机制: 水解弱化

大别山超高压硬玉石英岩带内发育强烈变形的榴辉岩, 其中的石榴石被强烈拉长变形. 通过透射电子显微镜观察和测试, 在强烈变形的石榴石中不仅识别出自由位错、位错环和位错墙等塑性变形结构特征, 而且还识别出水分子团. 同时通过红外光谱对石榴石的测定表明石榴石中同时有结构水和自由水的存在. 在对石榴石显微构造变形机制分析的基础上, 结合实验岩石学资料, 认为水分子团导致了石榴石的水解弱化, 并通过位错而引起强烈塑性变形.     

卧龙饮用含硅矿泉水化学成分的成因

地下水是一种化学成分复杂的物理化学体系。本文从化学热力学和元素地球化学的角度出发,对卧龙饮用含硅矿泉水的化学成分的成因及锶的来源进行了探讨。     

Bi6Te2Mo2o21—A New Artificial Crystal and Its Growth Method and Physical Properties

E.M.Levin,R,Kohlmuller et al.^[1]have reported the phase diagrams of the Bi2O3-TeO2 and Bi2O3-MoO3 binary oxide systems.This paper is intended to describe a new phase named chilunited-Bi6Te2Mo2O21 in the Chilu molybdenium ore deposit at Anxian County,Fujian Province.Because of small-sized mineral grans(-10μm),it is difficult to determine the crystal structure and physical properties of the mineral.According to its composition,we have successfully synthesized this new mineral using the fusion method.The synthesized single crystal,up to 700×300×300μm^3(0.063mm^3)in size,has been studied in great detail on its compositional and structural characteristics as well as physical properties.     

加筋土在香港的应用

香港使用加筋土研究经验及建造方法。施工实例包括建造加筋土挡土吸边坡和软土地基加固工程。     

天然林择伐10 a后林地土壤理化性质研究

对天然针阔混交林弱度和中度择伐10 a后林地土壤的理化性质进行分析,结果表明:土壤密度和结构体破坏率均下降,而最大持水量和总孔隙度均上升;土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮和全磷的含量均上升,而全钾、速效钾和速效磷的含量均略有下降.说明弱度和中度择伐10 a后林地土壤结构稳定性、水分、孔隙状况和养分含量基本得到恢复,并有所改善.     

云贵高原湖泊沉积物中的色氨酸及其地球化学行为

利用碱性水解—高效液相色谱联用技术测定了云贵高原四个湖泊沉积物中色氨酸的含量。讨论了色氧酸的早期成岩作用并与其它氨基酸进行比较。利用优化的碱性水解条件(120℃、4．2MNaOH溶液中水解20h)分析沉积物中的色氧酸含量,回收率达93％。实验结果显示,在所研究的四个湖泊沉积物中,色氨酸只是一种微量氨基酸组分,浓度为0．15～2．66μmol／g,占总可水解态氨基酸的0．17％～9．18%。色氨酸的相对摩尔百分含量随沉积深度的增加呈上升趋势,与其它两种芳香性氨基酸酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸的变化趋势相反,揭示了芳香性氨基酸在早期成岩过程中的地球化学行为。研究结果还表明,色氨酸在沉枳物早期成岩过程中被硅藻细胞壁选择性保存。