影响济南市区名泉停涌的主要因素分析

以趵突泉为例 ,利用 1 95 9～ 2 0 0 0年济南市区年降水量、地下水开采量和城市建设等资料 ,分析影响济南市名泉停涌的主要因素 ,探讨名泉实现常年喷涌的有效措施     

安泽县地震动异常的调查落实

对2007年9月安泽县出现的地震动异常现象进行了宏观调查和仪器加密观测,对观测数据进行了分析,结果认为,此地震动现象非地震前兆的异常现象,其原因是由于上游连续多日降雨,沁河水流量大增,河水溢出水坝冲击坝底产生共振引起的.     

不朽的都江堰

都江堰利用“深淘滩,低做堰”的流体力学原理：鱼嘴是修建在江心的分水堤坝,把汹涌的岷江分隔成外江和内江。外江排洪。内江引水灌溉。飞沙堰起泄洪、排沙和调节水量的作用。宝瓶口控制进水流量。内江水经过宝瓶口流入川西平原灌溉农田。     

甘肃省引洮工程诱发的地质灾害

1958年，为了解决甘肃中部地区连年干旱缺水问题、扭转粮食颗粒无收的困难局面，改变该地区贫穷落后面貌及生态环境恶化状况，甘肃省政府决定动员全省的人力、物力及财力兴建“天上运河”——引洮工程，灌溉陇中干旱地区（榆中、定西、陇西、渭源、临洮、榆中、会宁、静宁、西峰、庆阳等10个县（市）。工程起点位于岷县古城，终点到达庆阳市董志塬。规划引水长度1400km，引水流量150m^3/s,沿途拟建15座梯级水电站，探索以水养水的经营摸式。该工程曾多次开工建设，     

The effects of water flow and temperature on thermal regime around a culvert built on permafrost

Temperature and water flow through a culvert beneath the Alaska Highway near Beaver Creek,Yukon,were measured at hourly intervals between June and October 2013.These data were used to simulate the effect of the culvert on the thermal regime of the road embankment and subjacent permafrost.A 2-D thermal model of the embankment and permafrost was developed with TEMP/W and calibrated using field observations.Empirical relations were obtained between water temperatures at the entrance to the culvert,flow into the culvert,and water temperatures inside the structure.Water temperatures at the entrance and inside the culvert had a linear relation,while water temperatures inside the culvert and water flow were associated by a logarithmic relation.A multiple linear regression was used to summarize these relations.From this relationship,changes in the flow rate and water temperatures at the entrance of the culvert were simulated to obtain predicted water temperatures in the culvert.The temperatures in the culvert were used in the thermal model to determine their effects on the ground thermal regime near the culvert.Variation of ±10% in water flow rate had no impact on the thermal regime underneath the culvert.Variation of water temperature at the entrance of the culvert had a noticeable influence on the thermal regime.A final simulation was conducted without insulation beneath the culvert.The thaw depth was 30 cm with insulation,and 120 cm without insulation,illustrating the importance of insulation to the ground thermal regime.     

极端降水条件下北京西山黑龙关泉响应研究

2012年7月21日,北京房山区发生特大暴雨,暴雨从21日10时开始到22日2时结束。总降雨量达228mm,是北京60年一遇暴雨。暴雨后,黑龙关泉域岩溶水系统内的各种水资源要素都对其形成积极响应。依据岩溶地下水位统测、区域地质构造以及地貌条件综合分析黑龙关泉地下水系统补、径、排。研究黑龙关泉地下水系统对7.21洪水响应。从地下水位、地表河流、泉水水量、岩溶地下水化学分析7.21洪水前后变化情况。降水后,大石河流量最大达221m~3/s,水化学类型中带硫酸根离子的样品数显著增加。7月15日,实测黑龙关泉水流量为0.31m~3/s,7月21日上午实测为0.30m~3/s,25日分别对大石河的黑龙关泉口上、下游进行实测,获得泉水流量为3.47m~3/s,到29日降至2.34m~3/s,流量变化较为剧烈,与大石河水对岩溶水的补给密切相关。为进一步研究北京黑龙关泉域岩溶水的变化规律和岩溶水资源评价及合理开发利用提供了科学依据。