Study on Wave-influenced resistance to erosion of silty soil in Huanghe (Yellow) River Delta

Along with the reduction of sediment yield of the Huanghe (Yellow) River, the erosion of the Huanghe River Delta aggravates, which has becomes an important factor that threatens the coastal protection structures. Starting from the study of the erosion resistibility of the sediment, this paper explores the internal mechanism of erosion phenomenon. This paper takes Diaokou as the study area and takes soils as samples which are mixed with clay into reconstructed samples whose ratio of clay content are 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% respectively, then dynamic tri-axial apparatus is applied to simulate wave loads of different intensity; then the resistibility of soil to erosion is determined via concentrated flow test and the structural property is determined via the disintegration test. Finally, the resistibility to erosion and the structural property of the non-compressed soil samples are compared with the compressed data. The results indicates that liquefaction failure exerts significant influence on the resistibility to erosion and the structural property of the silty soil in the Huanghe River Delta. Therefore, in the future erosion studies, the liquefaction phenomenon shall be fully considered.     

便携式X射线荧光分析仪(PXRF)野外现场测试在岩石样品分析中的应用研究

以X射线荧光光谱分析技术(XRF)为基准,对那阿地区的花岗岩和变质岩样品进行测试分析.以实验室所测得的主量元素结果为标准,将PXRF所测得的粉末状岩石样品数据与其对比.在处理样品中Al2 O3、CaO、Fe2 O3、MgO、SiO2、TiO2这六个主量元素的数据时,发现Spearman方法优于Pearson方法.根据不...     

我国可燃冰深海探测技术取得重大突破

近日获悉,中国“海洋四号”科考船采用新研制的气密性孔隙水原位采样系统首次在南海中央海盆4000多米深水水域海底成功获取孔隙水样品。这标志着中国对可燃冰的深海探测技术又取得了新的重大突破。     

Study on the thermal insulation performance of a new seabed sediment fidelity sampler based on ANSYS

A new seabed sediment fidelity sampler was developed and its thermal insulation performance was studied and analyzed. The temperature distribution simulation indicated that the sample quality could be insured by using this new sampler. Based on ANSYS10, the temperature finite element model of the sample cylinder was established. According to the law of conservation of energy, the unsteady heat transmit equation of the sampler under solid-liquid coupling condition was derived, then the mathematical model calculation was carried out by using a mixed finite-element finite-difference method, and two thermal insulation methods were used. The simulation was carried out by using the thickness of the thermal insulation layer and heat conductivity as the variable parameters and the temperature distribution of the sampler and related influencing factors were obtained. Optimization analysis was conducted using the simulation data and related parameters and the magnitude ranges of the parameters were obtained that could meet the design temperature requirements. The experimental data and simulation results indicated that the results were in good agreement with the realities, and this sampler might be of value for seabed sediment sampler design and manufacture.     

Characteristics and causes of the preconsolidation stress of soils in the Yellow River Delta

Preconsolidation stress ( σ P') is the maximum effective stress that a soil has suffered throughout its life. From a geotechnical point of view, pre-consolidation stress has great importance because it separates elastic and reversible deformations from inelastic and only partially irreversible deformations and marks the starting point of high compressibility. In this study we calculated the preconsolidation stress for 72 undisturbed soil samples from the Yellow River Delta, using the oedometer tes...     

鱼类食物组成的研究概况

对鱼类食物组成的研究具有重要的生态学意义,这方面的研究正在逐步展开,涌现出许多新的研究方法。鱼类食物组成研究包括三个基本实验步骤:①样品采集,②食物组成分析,③实验结果汇总与分析。本文以这三个步骤为柜架,对国内外相关的研究方法进行了介绍,并且对国内鱼类食物组成研究的发展前景做了一个展望。     

高密度电阻率法监测纳米胶体在多孔介质中运移的实验

利用高密度电阻率法监测纳米胶体在饱和多孔介质中的运移过程.对纳米胶体和保守性示踪剂在末端的电导率穿透曲线进行了比较.结果表明,纳米胶体与保守性示踪剂在多孔介质中的运移过程非常相似,均可用一维对流弥散方程进行拟合.通过对不同截面、不同电极间距、竖直方向的电阻穿透曲线的比较,说明利用高密度电阻率仪监测纳米胶体在多孔介质中的运移是可行的.无论是传统示踪剂还是纳米胶体,在同一截面上不同电极间距几个测点的穿透曲线非常相似,沿着水流向前推进的溶液锋面到达同一电极截面的时间非常接近,说明多孔介质是非常均质的.同时高密度电阻率法可以动态反映砂柱中纳米胶体运移的时空变化特征.     

Autumn photoproduction of carbon monoxide in Jiaozhou Bay,China

Carbon monoxide(CO) plays a significant role in global warming and atmospheric chemistry. Global oceans are net natural sources of atmospheric CO. CO at surface ocean is primarily produced from the photochemical degradation of chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM). In this study, the effects of photobleaching, temperature and the origin(terrestrial or marine) of CDOM on the apparent quantum yields(AQY) of CO were studied for seawater samples collected from Jiaozhou Bay. Our results demonstrat that photobleaching, temperature and the origin of CDOM strongly affected the efficiency of CO photoproduction. The concentration, absorbance and fluorescence of CDOM exponentially decreased with increasing light dose. Terrestrial riverine organic matter could be more prone to photodegradation than the marine algae-derived one. The relationships between CO AQY and the dissolved organic carbon-specific absorption coefficient at 254 nm for the photobleaching study were nonlinear, whereas those of the original samples were strongly linear. This suggests that: 1) terrestrial riverine CDOM was more efficient than marine algae-derived CDOM for CO photoproduction; 2) aromatic and olefinic moieties of the CDOM pool were affected more strongly by degradation processes than by aliphatic ones. Water temperature and the origin of CDOM strongly affected the efficiency of CO photoproduction. The photoproduction rate of CO in autumn was estimated to be 31.98 μmol m-2 d-1 and the total DOC photomineralization was equivalent to 3.25%- 6.35% of primary production in Jiaozhou Bay. Our results indicate that CO photochemistry in coastal areas is important for oceanic carbon cycle.     

大洋样品管理分类代码设计

文章针对我国大洋样品管理中遇到的样品类型复杂、形态多样、“身份”精准厘定困难等现实问题,将大洋样品作为编码对象,以分类编码相关国家基础标准为依据,利用面分类法和线分类法相结合的混合分类法,设计了一套由13个代码段组成、包含30个代码位的代码总体结构,以及能够记录样品馆藏信息、状态信息、原始采样信息、分割切割信息的代码表和编码方法,并参照已有国家标准,结合大洋工作实践及大洋领域专家共识,建立了能够适应大洋样品“身份”前置需求,满足大洋样品管理需要的样品管理分级分类体系。大洋样品管理分类代码能够精准表达大洋原始样品与衍生样品之间的逻辑关系,具有很强的适用性、可扩展性,不仅能够满足大洋样品管理的需要,而且可拓展推广至其他任务来源样品管理,为构建全国一体化海洋样品资源共享服务平台,推进海洋强国建设,必将产生积极影响。