自贡地区深部卤层水文地质参数确定及卤水资源计算与评价

本文在分析、论证自贡地区主要储卤构造的地质及水文地质条件的基础上，运用非稳定流理论，采用短形开采强度法，集中开采圆形面积井解析法、集中井群干扰解析法，对有着千余年采卤历史的老矿区的卤层水文地质参数和剩余可采储量进行了计算，为盐、化工业生产规划提供了可靠的理论依据。     

台安地电阻率中等地震前兆异常判定

利用“地震预报实用化攻关软件”研究总结１９９４年９月￣１９９５年４月辽宁省境内发生的三次中等地震前如安站地电阻率观测资料,揭示了短期前兆异常特征。通过用月距平方法,滑动富氏分析方法和灰色拓扑预测方法进行数据处理,进一步对前兆异常加以验证,并简要地分析了异常生产的原因。     

塔里木盆地轮古东地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储集层发育控制因素及有利区带预测

为探讨塔里木盆地轮古东地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储集层发育的控制因素和寻找有利储集层的分布规律,作者分析了近几年该区的油气勘探资料,恢复了研究区的构造演化历史。研究结果表明,构造活动所引起的地层抬升、变形以及断裂作用对于碳酸盐岩形成岩溶型储集层及改变储集层原有物性起着建设性作用;优势沉积相的平面展布控制研究区油气藏的分布;加里东期存在2套风化壳岩溶,这2套岩溶制约了与岩溶有关的储集层分布,主要分布在表层岩溶至水平潜流带区域。根据碳酸盐岩储集层发育的控制因素,预测了有利储集层的分布,认为有利区带主要分布在研究区内2条大的走滑断裂以及桑塔木断垒带附近。     

新石器时代晚期凉山地区粟黍农业初探——来自河东田、河头地遗址先民骨骼生物磷灰石的稳定同位素证据

中国西南地区是新石器时代粟黍向外传播、发展的重要交流通道,然而该区域粟黍南传的具体过程和路线尚不明确。鉴于此,本研究对四川凉山地区河东田遗址（26°10'7.78″N,102°6'51.83″E）和河头地遗址（26°10'25.20″N,102°6'54.84″E）先民骨骼生物磷灰石进行了碳、氧稳定同位素分析,以探讨凉山地区先民的生存策略以及粟黍在该地区的传播。河东田遗址和河头地遗址共获取了6例人骨生物磷灰石的有效数据,其δ¹³C均值分别为-5.5‰±1.8‰（n=4）,-5.5‰（n=2,-6.9‰和-4.0‰）,结果显示该区域人群的饮食呈现为兼具C₃和C₄类食物的混合食物结构,且粟黍等C₄类食物在本地区先民的食物结构中具有重要的贡献;河东田遗址和河头地遗址先民的δ¹⁸O均值分别为-12.3‰±0.4‰（n=4）,-12.0‰（n=2,-12.0‰和-11.9‰）,显示两处遗址先民摄入的水分来源相对一致,当时的先民可能是在本地生活,围绕城河定居。在此基础上,结合中国西南地区同时期稳定同位素数据和其他考古研究发现新石器时代晚期凉山地区的粟作农业应当是当地自然环境和考古学文化互动双重影响的结果,粟黍可能传播至凉山地区后继续南传至云南乃至东南亚地区。

     

安徽巢湖地区二叠系有机地球化学特征及其古环境意义

对中国东部巢湖地区二叠系的三套富含有机质“黑层”中的代表性样品，进行了生物标志物及有机岩石学等项分析，下二叠系下部栖霞组（样品代号Ｐｔ）含生物碎屑泥灰岩的ＴＯＣ为１．２４％－２．２７％，Ｔｍａｘ４５７－４９５℃可溶有机质含量１５０－４７０×１０＾－６，Ｒ＾００．９１％－１．３０％，∑Ｃ＾－２２／∑Ｃ＾＋２３〉３，有机组分主要是海相腐泥基质及沥青，下二叠系上部银屏组（样品代号Ｙ）黑色泥岩的ＴＯＣ为１     

山东省东平—汶上地区铁矿床地质特征及成矿模式

研究区为鲁西地区重要的成矿带——东平—汶上铁矿带,该铁矿带内已探明彭集、张家毛坦、化肥厂等多个大中型铁矿床,说明该成矿带具备优越的成矿地质条件及良好的找矿潜力。通过剖析近年来区内典型矿床的最新勘查成果,从矿床控矿地层、成矿时代、成矿物质来源、矿化阶段、矿体特征及物探异常等8个方面进行系统分析,开展了铁矿成矿规律研究;根据东平—汶上铁矿带的成矿时代、赋矿层位、含铁建造及岩石组合,结合成矿规律的分析,初步建立了"东汶式"铁矿床成矿模式。     

Implications of the Precambrian Non-stromatolitic Carbonate Succession Making up the Third Member of Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation in Yanshan Area of North China

A particular non-stromatolitic carbonate succession making up the third member of the Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang (高于庄) Formation might demonstrate that a stromatolite decline of the Mesoproterozoic occurring at ca. 1 450 Ma besides other three events of the Proterozoic,respectively,occurred at ca. 2 000 Ma,ca. 1 000 Ma,and ca. 675 Ma. The forming duration of this non-stromatolitic carbonate succession can be generally correlative to that of a similar depositional succession in North America,i.e. a non-stromatolitic carbonate succession made up by the Helena Formation of the Belt Supergroup,which suggests that the stromatolite decline occurring at ca. 1 450 Ma may be a global event. This information endows the non-stromatolitic carbonate succession making up the third member of the Gaoyuzhuang Formation in the Yanshan (燕山) area with important significance for the further understanding of Precambrian sedimentology. The Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation in Yanshan area is a set of more than 1 000 m thick carbonate strata that can be divided into four members (or subformations). The first member (or the Guandi (官地) subformation) is marked by a set of stromatolitic dolomites overlying a set of transgressive sandstones; the second member (or the Sangshu'an (桑树鞍) subformation) is a set of manganese dolomites with a few stromatolites; the third member (or the Zhangjiayu (张家峪) subformation) is chiefly made up of leiolite and laminite limestones and is characterized by the development of molar-tooth structures in leiolite limestone; the fourth member (or the Huanxiusi (环秀寺) subformation) is composed of a set of dolomites of stromatolitic reefs or lithoherms. Sequence-stratigraphic divisions at two sections,i.e. the Jixian (蓟县) Section in Tianjin (天津) and the Qiangou (千沟) Section of Yanqing (延庆) County in Beijing (北京),demonstrate that a particularly non-stromatolitic succession making up the third member of the Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formation is developed in the Yanshan area of North China,in which lots of grotesque matground structures (wrinkle structures and palimpsest ripples) are developed in beds of leiolite limestone at the Qiangou Section and lots of molar-tooth structures are developed in beds of leiolite limestone at the Jixian Section. The time scale of the Gaoyuzhuang Formation is deduced as 200 Ma (from 1 600 Ma to 1 400 Ma). The duration of an obvious hiatus between the Gaoyuzhuang Formation and the underlying Dahongyu (大红峪) Formation is deduced as 50 Ma to 100 Ma,thus the forming duration of the GaoyuzhuangFormation is thought as 100 Ma (1 500 Ma to 1 400 Ma). Furthermore,the age of the subface of the third member of the Gaoyuzhuang Formation that is just in the mid position of the Gaoyuzhuang Formation can be deduced as about 1 450 Ma,which is the basis to infer a stromatolite decline of the Mesoproterozoic occurring at ca. 1 450 Ma. Importantly,several features of both the molar-tooth structure and the stromatolite,such as the particular forming environment,the important facies-indicative meaning,and the episodic distribution in the earth history,might express the evolutionary periodicity of the surface environment of the earth and can provide meaningful clues for the understanding of the Precambrian world,although their origin and forming mechanism is highly contentious. Therefore,like other three stromatolitic declines,respectively,occurring at ca. 675 Ma,ca. 1 000 Ma,and ca. 2 000 Ma,the identification of the stromatolite decline occurring at ca. 1 450 Ma during the Golden Age of stromatolites (2 800 Ma to 1 000 Ma) has important meaning for the further understanding of the evolving carbonate world of the Precambrian.     

隆页2HF页岩气水平井钻井技术研究与实践

四川盆地周缘蕴藏有大面积常压低丰度海相页岩气,依目前的开发成本,储量难以动用,亟需开展低成本钻井工程工艺技术攻关,盘活该类页岩气资源。中石化华东油气分公司在渝东南武隆地区从钻、测、录、固等方面开展了低成本钻井技术研究。通过分析导致钻井成本高的原因,重点从井身结构优化、井眼轨迹控制优化、钻井工具优选、防漏堵漏措施以及测井、录井、固井工艺优化等方面进行了技术研究与现场实践,试验井隆页2HF井由导眼井与侧钻水平井两部分构成,钻井成本较邻井降低了30%,为武隆地区常压页岩气开发奠定了基础。     

辽东黄花甸-苏子沟地区南辽河岩群里尔峪岩组变沉积岩碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学及其地质意义

辽东黄花甸-苏子沟地区南辽河岩群里尔峪岩组主要为一套原岩以含硼火山-沉积夹陆源碎屑岩的变质岩石组成,岩石类型主要为长英质粒状岩石（浅粒岩-变粒岩组合）。前人长期在该活动带上进行深入的研究,在区域构造、地球化学、同位素年代学研究以及构造演化等方面积累了大量资料,取得了一系列重要进展。但是,有关其里尔峪岩组的变质作用时代、沉积时代、源区特征以及辽河岩群乃至整个胶-辽-吉活动带的大地构造属性和形成的构造演化过程长期以来存在着裂谷开启-闭合模式、弧-陆碰撞模式和陆-陆碰撞模式的争论。笔者旨在辽东黄花甸-苏子沟等地区开展1：5万区域地质调查的基础上,选择黄花甸-苏子沟地区里尔峪岩组的透闪斜长变粒岩、电气黑云二长变粒岩和黑云斜长变粒岩为重点研究对象。通过锆石阴极发光图像特征和锆石U-Pb （LA-ICP-MS,下同）年代学测试,综合限定研究区里尔峪岩组变质沉积岩的物质来源、原岩形成时代及变质变形时代。测试结果显示锆石阴极发光图像具核-边结构,核部具振荡环带,Th/U值较高（Th/U=0.02~2.37）,表明部分锆石来源于岩浆,少部分锆石来源于后期的变质变形作用。年代学分析结果表明,这些碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分别得到~1 900 Ma、~2 182 Ma和~2 511 Ma三个主峰值以及~2 030 Ma、~2 076 Ma、~2 110 Ma、~1 900 Ma、~2 312 Ma、~2 452 Ma、~2 715 Ma、~2 796 Ma、~3 537 Ma等8个次峰值。综合前人研究成果,研究区里尔峪岩组的原岩形成时代应晚于~2 030 Ma,其沉积作用应发生于2 030~1 946 Ma;峰期变质作用年龄为~1 900 Ma,变质变形作用应发生于1 837~1 946 Ma。该区里尔峪岩组碎屑锆石的年龄频谱特征显示,其沉积物主要来源于胶-辽-吉活动带内2 000~2 200 Ma的中酸性岩浆岩、辽吉花岗岩及辽河岩群火山岩,少部分来自北侧龙岗地块的太古宙结晶基底。胶-辽-吉活动带至少还存在一期2 000~2 100 Ma的中酸性岩浆活动。     

鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长8储层特低渗透成因分析与评价

鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长8储层的物性总体较差,发育粒间孔、溶孔,孔隙结构类型属小孔隙、微细喉道和微喉道型;分析表明其特低渗透成因主要受沉积作用和成岩作用的共同影响,不同沉积微相储层的物性差异较大,柔性组分含量高、粒度细和成分成熟度较低是造成储层特低渗透特征的主要原因;同时成岩压实、胶结作用使得储层的孔隙度减小、渗透性变差,而溶蚀作用和少量成岩微裂缝的产生又在很大程度上改善了储层的特低渗透性能;水下分流河道与河口坝砂体是研究区主要储层的分布相带.