Review of China's scientific research progress in polar meteorology in the last 30 years

The Antarctic and Arctic are sensitive to global climate change; therefore, they are key regions of global climate change research. This paper, the progress in scientific investigations and research regarding the atmosphere in the polar regions over the last 30 years by Chinese scientists is summarized. Primary understanding of the relationship between the polar regions and global change, especially, the variations in time and space in the Antarctic and Arctic regions with respect to climate change is indicated. Operational weather forecasts for investigation of the polar regions have also been established. Moreover, changes in sea ice and their impact on the atmosphere of polar regions have been diagnosed and simulated. Parameterization of the atmospheric boundary layer of different underlying layers and changes in the atmospheric ozone in the polar region has also been experimented. Overall, there has been great progress in studies of the possible impact of changes in the atmospheric environment of polar regions on circulation in East Asia and the climate of China.     

试论我国现行征地制度的法律问题

建立和完善与我国社会主义市场经济体制相适应的土地征用制度是一个关系到如何构建和谐社会以及社会主义新农村的重要问题。党的十六届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于完善社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定》中提出,完善农村土地制度,要按照保障农民权益和控制征地规模的原则,     

Spatiotemporal patterns of road network and road development priority in three parallel rivers region in Yunnan, China: An evaluation based on modified kernel distance estimate

Road network is a critical component of public infrastructure,and the supporting system of social and economic development.Based on a modified kernel density estimate(KDE)algorithm,this study evaluated the road service capacity provided by a road network composed of multi-level roads(i.e.national,provincial,county and rural roads),by taking account of the differences of effect extent and intensity for roads of different levels.Summarized at town scale,the population burden and the annual rural economic income of unit road service capacity were used as the surrogates of social and economic demands for road service.This method was applied to the road network of the Three Parallel River Region,the northwestern Yunnan Province,China to evaluate the development of road network in this region.In results,the total road length of this region in 2005 was 3.70×104km,and the length ratio between national,provincial,county and rural roads was 1∶2∶8∶47.From 1989 to 2005,the regional road service capacity increased by 13.1%,of which the contributions from the national,provincial,county and rural roads were 11.1%,19.4%,22.6%,and 67.8%,respectively,revealing the effect of′All Village Accessible′policy of road development in the mountainous regions in the last decade.The spatial patterns of population burden and economic requirement of unit road service suggested that the areas farther away from the national and provincial roads have higher road development priority(RDP).Based on the modified KDE model and the framework of RDP evaluation,this study provided a useful approach for developing an optimal plan of road development at regional scale.     

Spatial heterogeneity of soil mineral oxide components in depression between karst hills,Southwest China

In karst regions,the spatial heterogeneity of soil mineral oxides and environmental variables is still not clear.We investigated the spatial heterogeneity of SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO,P2O5,K2O,and MnO contents in the soils of slope land,plantation forest,secondary forest,and primary forest,as well as their relationships with environmental variables in a karst region of Southwest China.Geostatistics,principal component analysis(PCA),and canonical correlation analysis(CCA)were applied to analyze the field data.The results show that SiO2was the predominant mineral in the soils(45.02%–67.33%),followed by Al2O3and Fe2O3.Most soil mineral oxide components had a strong spatial dependence,except for CaO,MgO,and P2O5in the plantation forest,MgO and P2O5in the secondary forest,and CaO in the slope land.Dimensionality reduction in PCA was not appropriate due to the strong spatial heterogeneity in the ecosystems.Soil mineral oxide components,the main factors in all ecosystems,had greater influences on vegetation than those of conventional soil properties.There were close relationships between soil mineral oxide components and vegetation,topography,and conventional soil properties.Mineral oxide components affected species diversity,organic matter and nitrogen levels.     

广西北部湾土壤地球化学基准值与背景值特征

文章统计了广西北部湾地区深层土壤地球化学基准值与表层土壤背景值,并且对表深层土壤元素含量特征进行对比研究。结果显示,大部分表层土壤元素对深层土壤有一定的继承性,少部分元素如Cd、N、P、Cl、S、有机碳等受表生迁移活动和人为活动因素影响又与深层土壤有所差异。     

基于RS和GIS的甬台地区城市建设用地扩展特征研究

以多时相Landsat MSS,TM 和ETM卫星影像为数据源,利用遥感和GIS手段,提取宁波、台州2市5个时相(1979,1990,1995,2000和2005年)城市建设用地信息,分析了城市建设用地扩展的时间特征、形态特征、空间特征并通过其与人口、GDP因素的相关分析研究其扩展的动力机制.结果表明:①1979年以来,甬台地区城市建设用地总体扩展速度表现为先升后降,而城市建设用地总体扩展强度则表现为不断提高的趋势.②甬台地区城市建设用地的空间结构存在明显的分形特征,城市建设用地空间结构分维逐渐增大,城市建设用地空间复杂性增加,城市建设用地趋向不稳定.③甬台地区城市扩展与社会经济发展具有明显的相关性.     

肇东市应急给水工程水文地质勘察与评价可行性分析

肇东市地处松嫩平原腹地,属半干旱地区。区内除南部界河——松花江外,没有一条河流,地表水资源贫乏。经前人调查工作了解到,该市地下水资源量为3．3×108．0m^3／a,多数分布在南部松花江漫滩区和中、东部高平原区。多年来由于市区内（肇东镇）长期超量开采地下水,致使地下水水位大幅度下降,形成了面积达12km^2的地下水位下降漏斗,造成了水质逐年恶化,水量逐渐减少现象,严重影响了居民的正常生活秩序和生活质量,百姓反映十分强烈。对此,肇东市委市政府非常重视,于2003年建成了引松入肇供水水库工程,初步缓解了市区供水紧张问题。     

我省新增耕地131.9万亩 增地率位居全国之首

记者在11月11日召开的全省农村土地整治工作现场会上获悉,继2008年我省三江平原东部地区土地整理512程被列为国家重大512程后,今年又被国家确定为“全国整体推进农村土地整治示范省”,两项合计投资总额达100亿元。自2001年我省开展土地整理复垦工作至今年10月底,全省共立项实施各类土地整治项目460个,     

建立健全群测群防网络 大力提升“地灾”防治能力

登封位于郑州市西南、中岳嵩山南麓、颍河上游,全市海拔在228￣1512米之间,北部嵩山和南部箕山地区为中低山地貌,中部为低山丘陵区。嵩山地区,属北温带大陆性气候,多年来,年平均降水量为599.8毫米,年最大降雨量900毫米。境内地形地貌复杂多样,地质环境条件复杂,以地面塌陷、滑坡、崩塌为主的地质灾害隐患,     

从新中国邮票看中国地貌

正我国幅员辽阔,有着雄伟的河山和绚丽多彩的景色。本文将通过新中国邮票介绍国土资源的基础知识,展现我国地貌的概况。一、河谷河谷是一种线状延伸的倾斜凹地,是流水的侵蚀和堆积作用形成的。分为河床、河滩地、谷坡地。在山区,河床由基岩和粗大的冲击物组成。山区的河谷一般狭窄,两岸不规则,坡度较大,多成阶梯状。由于岩性的软硬和地质构造的不同,有些河谷还会受到差别侵蚀,形成瀑布。在平原地区河床宽,坡度小,水流缓,所以泥沙容易沉积而形成"地上河",例如:黄河。河流洪水期淹没的河床以外谷底部分叫做河滩地。这是由于河床受到流水的侧向侵蚀,凹岸后退,凸岸堆积逐步形成的。