时间选择性衰落信道下的差分空时多普勒编码

对于差分编码的系统,接收端可利用差分编码自身的结构来进行解调,无需知道信道状态信息.因此基于时间选择性衰落信道的基扩展模型,提出一种新型的应用于时间选择性衰落信道下多输入多输出系统的差分空时多普勒(DSTD)编码方案,由该方案组成的系统可以配备任意数目的发送和接收天线.该DSTD系统发送端由频谱编码器、差分编码器和OFDM调制器串联组成,能提供最大空间-多普勒分集增益和显著的编码增益.差分编码器中酉结构的引入可以实现线性空时分离的最大似然检测,降低了译码的复杂度.仿真分析表明与已有差分系统相比,文中所提出的差分编码方案可以获得更高的分集增益.     

海上风电升压站平台高程确定标准的合理性研究

为保证海上风电升压电站建设的经济合理与安全可靠,合理确定海上风电升压电站平台高程十分必要。文中从波浪与潮位的遭遇组合、最大波高取值与现行相关标准的比较、最大波峰高度计算的合理性等方面,全面分析了确定海上风电升压站平台高程各组成项取值标准的合理性,研究认为现行标准明显偏高。建议海上升压站平台底部高程按"100年一遇极端高水位+重现期50年波列累积频率1%的最大波峰高度+安全超高"确定。结合工程实例计算分析,按本文建议可使海上升压站平台高程明显降低,从而节省工程造价,还可减轻升压站工程对周边风机的遮蔽影响,以达到多发电量的效果。     

石岛湾四种常见鱼类的热耐受性比较研究

作者分别采用动态法和静态法两种实验方法,以石岛湾4种常见鱼类(许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)、大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)、褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)和矛尾虎鱼(Chaeturichthys stigmatias))为研究对象,对比研究了在4个季节基础水温(5.0~26.0℃)和9个温升速率(0.5~15.0℃/h)下这些鱼类的热耐受性。结果表明,4种鱼类的CTM(最大临界温度)和24 h UILT_(50)(24 h高起始致死温度)均与基础水温呈显著正相关,温升速率对鱼类耐热性的影响因鱼种和季节基础温度而异;相同基础水温下4种实验鱼类的CTM值均高于24 h UILT_(50)。4种鱼类的24 h UILT50依次为:矛尾虎鱼许氏平鲉褐菖鲉大泷六线鱼。     

基于小波变换和数学形态学的潮沟提取方法研究

潮沟是潮滩的主要地貌类型之一,潮沟信息的检测对湿地生态环境的监测和保护有着重要意义。本文以长江口九段沙下沙北部发育比较复杂的潮沟为研究对象,使用2016年1月26日Landsat8全色波段数据,采用了一种融合小波变换、最大类间方差法和数学形态学的方法对潮沟边缘信息进行了检测。小波变换中通过减小高层小波系数,达到弱化潮滩灰度变化的目的;通过增大低层小波系数,达到增强潮沟信息的目的;利用数学形态学和图像之间的几何(加减乘)运算,完成潮沟的提取;最后,分别在原始数据和检测结果相应的位置取样进行精度验证,样方潮沟面积一致性精度平均为92.1%。     

随机波浪作用下底层水沙运动的试验研究

通过一系列室内水槽试验,对规则波与不规则波浪荷载作用下的粉土质海床内的孔隙水压力、底层悬沙浓度以及底层水体流速的变化进行了比较分析。结果表明:波浪荷载的能量分布对床土的响应强度有着重要影响,尤其低频(大周期)部分的影响尤为强烈;随着超孔隙水压力累积,进而影响到底层悬沙浓度的变化;悬沙颗粒的结构和性质同样随着水动力的变化而变化,不同强度的水动力通过影响颗粒的絮凝特性而影响到悬沙颗粒的沉降和悬浮。另外,随机波浪所伴随的较强的非线性作用同样影响着悬浮体的絮凝与解体,这大大加剧了细颗粒沉积物的悬浮、运动的复杂性。     

Genetic parameter estimation for juvenile growth and upper thermal tolerance in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus)

Twenty-six half-sib groups(53 full-sib families) of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus, were obtained by artificial insemination. We measured growth in the offspring(40–50 individuals/family) and subjected them to a thermal tolerance challenge over a period of 34 d. There was no significant difference in daily mortality(range: 0.580%–1.391%) between Days 1–13 during the thermal tolerance challenge. However, daily cumulative mortality increased rapidly between Days 14 and 29, especially on Days 15 and 16(20.232% and 34.377%, respectively). Mortality was highest on Day 16(14.145%). We estimated the genetic parameters using the average information restricted maximum likelihood method. We used a likelihood ratio test to evaluate the significance of effects in models with and without identity as an effect, and compared the final log-likelihoods(maximum log L). Lastly, we estimated phenotypic and genetic correlation between the upper thermal tolerance limit(UTT) and body weight(BW). In this study, the positive phenotypic correlation was low between UTT and BW(0.093±0.029). The genetic correlation between UTT and BW was negative(-0.044±0.239). The heritability for upper thermal tolerance was low(0.087±0.032), which is of approximately moderate heritability. The heritability for body weight was high(0.303±0.074). Our results suggest there is significant potential for improvement in the culture of turbot by selective breeding.     

Dispersal of the Zhujiang River (Pearl River) derived sediment in the Holocene

High-resolution Chirp profiling and coring reveals an elongated(ca. 400 km) Holocene Zhujiang River(Pearl River)-derived mud area(maximum thickness 20 m) extending from the Zhujiang River Delta, southwestward off the Guangdong coast, to the Leizhou Peninsula. Two depo-centers, one proximal and one distal, are identified. On the continental shelf off the west Guangdong Province, the mud is deposited in water depth shallower than 50 m; while to the southeast of the Zhujiang River Estuary, the mud area can extend to the-120 m isobath. A combined analysis with the stratigraphic sequences of other muddy deposits in the Western Pacific marginal seas(mainly Changjiang(Yangtze) and Huanghe(Yellow) Rivers derived) indicates that the initiation of the Zhujiang River muddy deposit can be further divided into two stages: Stage 1 is before the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand(ca. 7.0 cal. ka BP), the proximal mud was mostly deposited after 9.0 cal. ka BP, when the sea-level rose slowly after the Meltwater Pulse-1C; Stage 2, after the mid-Holocene sealevel highstand, clinoform developed on the continental shelf off the west Guangdong Province, extending ca. 400 km from the Zhujiang River Estuary. The proximal clinoform thins offshore, from ca. 10 m thickness around 5–10 m water depth to less than 1–2 m around 20–30 m water depth. In addition, we also find a developed distal clinoform in the east of the Leizhou Peninsula.     

基于无人机影像样本的遥感图像分类方法

对于遥感图像计算机自动分类而言,样本选择至关重要,直接影响分类结果精度。为了提升样本选取的质量,本文在实验区卫星影像覆盖范围内选取了几个样本点。对每个样本点利用无人机采集了约0.3 km2的数据,通过后期处理生成正射影像。在正射影像中选取耕地、植被、水体、建筑和道路等几类地物的样本,采用最大似然值法对卫星影像进行相应类别信息提取。实验结果表明：在无人机高分辨率影像上解译的样本作用于卫星遥感影像,并利用最大似然值法进行信息提取,其方法可行,分类精度优于在卫星影像上选择的样本。     

0917号台风“芭玛”折向东南向移动原因分析

利用NCEP全球数据同化系统(GDAS)1°×1°分析资料,对0917号台风"芭玛"折向东南向移动原因进行了分析。结果表明,中高纬度环流调整是"芭玛"折向东南向移动的根本原因;0918号台风"茉莉"通过改变外围环境场的强度、形状对"芭玛"台风产生间接影响,而两台风之间逆时针互旋以及台风"茉莉"外围强大的环流对台风"芭玛"的直接作用是台风"芭玛"折向东南向移动的关键。对台风"芭玛"经纬向UV最大风速变化诊断分析表明,"芭玛"经纬向UV最大风速中心的转移对"芭玛"折向东南向移动有重要影响,经纬向UV最大风速差的变化对"芭玛"转向具有预示作用,经纬向最大风速差的合成风方向与台风中心未来移动方向有一定的关系。     

水流作用下沉积物中多环芳烃的释放过程研究

采用环形水槽研究了沉积物中多环芳烃(PAHs)的释放过程,通过测定水相PAHs浓度考察不同流速下沉积物中PAHs释放情况。试验结果表明,沉积物中PAHs释放速率和释放量受水流流速影响很大,总体上∑PAHs浓度随水流流速增加呈上升趋势,从开始静水时的5.602 ug/L增加到流速为60 cm/s时的22.158 ug/L;各层∑PAHs浓度随流速增加变化趋势有所不同,表层和中层∑PAHs浓度随水流流速的增加呈现上升后下降的趋势,当水流流速分别为20 cm/s和25 cm/s时,表层和中层最大浓度分别为1.816 ug/L和1.902 ug/L;底层呈逐渐上升的趋势。各物质随水流变化表现出的变化趋势略有不同,各层苊烯和蒽浓度随水流作用变化不大,萘、苊、菲、荧蒽、芘和屈随水流变化总体上呈现上升后下降的趋势。研究还发现沉积物再悬浮引起PAHs释放的同时伴随着沉积物对PAHs的吸附过程。