蒙古-鄂霍茨克成矿带中段金矿床地质特征及构造背景

蒙古—鄂霍茨克成矿带是重要的金、稀有元素成矿带。作者将我国境内大兴安岭北部上黑龙江盆地和额尔古纳隆起区的砂宝斯金矿、小伊诺盖沟金矿等与俄罗斯赤塔州的达拉松、克留切夫等典型矿床进行了对比研究，以探讨该成矿带内金矿床的成因和形成的构造背景。研究表明，上述矿床均受蒙古—鄂霍茨克缝合带控制，矿床形成于西伯利亚地台与蒙古—华北陆块碰撞造山环境；我国上黑龙江盆地区与俄罗斯东后贝加尔地区同属蒙古—鄂霍茨克成矿带中段，以中温热液矿床为主，矿床类型主要为造山型金矿床。     

辽宁太古代红透山铜矿的稳定同位素地球化学特征及矿床成因

文章分析了辽宁太古代红透山铜矿中硫化物的多硫同位素组成和石英的硅氧同位素组成。δ³⁴S在-0.7‰~+3.1‰，极差为3.8‰，平均值为0.21‰，与深部幔源硫相似。δ³³S≈0.52δ³⁴S，即δ³³S=0(δ³³S =δ³³S-1000[(1+ δ³⁴S/1000)0.515-1]，不具有硫同位素非质量分馏效应，表明该矿床中的硫没有经历大气循环过程。矿石中石英的δ30Si分布在-0.8‰~+0.4‰之间，δ¹⁸O分布在+8.5‰~+9.5‰之间，与海底黑烟囱及热水喷气成因硅质岩的硅氧同位素组成相似。提出红透山铜矿为海底热液喷气沉积变质成因。     

安徽铜陵凤凰山铜（金）矿床矽卡岩型与斑岩型复合成矿作用流体研究

凤凰山铜（金）矿床产于燕山晚期花岗闪长岩及石英二长闪长斑岩与三叠系碳酸盐岩的接触带，先后包括矽卡岩型和斑岩型两期矿化，并可细分为9个成矿阶段。矿石中广泛出现角砾状和细脉状、网脉状构造。流体包裹体特征及显微冷热台测温资料表明，成矿流体存在过沸腾和局部超高压等现象。两个成矿期都经历了从高温高盐度向低温低盐度的转变，成矿溶液的主要成分也由钾钠型变成了钠钙型。来源于岩浆热液的早期含矿流体与来自围岩的地下水热液的混合可以解释成矿流体的这种演化。     

芙蓉锡矿床及骑田岭A型花岗岩Pb同位素来源示踪

芙蓉超大型锡矿床与骑田岭A型花岗岩在成因上密切相关。研究表明，该矿床中几种矿石矿物的Pb同位素特征为正常铅，且具有同源性，与“南岭燕山期锡矿床”Pb同位素特征吻合。骑田岭岩体不同单元花岗岩的长石铅和全岩铅亦为正常铅，其特征与“南岭省含锡花岗岩”长石铅同位素特征相似。矿石铅和长石铅主要来源为上地壳，混有少量的下地壳和地幔源铅，且两者间也具有同源性。     

贵州南部“半边街式”铅锌矿床地质特征及其成因探讨

贵州省南部地区是全国重要的汞、锑资源分布区。2000年由于产于上泥盆统中铅锌矿的陆续发现,贵州省地矿局启动了以铅锌资源评价和成矿规律研究为主的地质工作,目标是总结铅锌矿产出的地质特征和成矿规律。通过三年的研究认为,该区处扬子准地台、华南褶皱带和右江造山带交汇部位,受晚古生代初期发生的陆内裂谷活动影响,产生了一个与桂中台陷相连的大型沉积凹陷区—黔南台陷沉积区,形成了巨厚碳酸盐和碎屑岩沉积,产生了与裂陷盆地边缘同沉积断层活动有关的低温成矿作用,造成了在晚泥盆纪以前的地层中汞、锑、砷、金、铅锌等矿床沿同沉积断层密集分布。本文通过矿床特征总结和矿床成因探讨,建立了准同生沉积成矿作用模式,旨在为该区寻找这类矿床提供参考和借鉴作用。     

酒东盆地北缘下白垩统沉积环境与铀成矿作用

通过对酒东盆地中新生代沉积构造演化、下白垩统目的层沉积环境和后生铀矿化特征等综合分析，确认下白垩统新民堡群第一岩组上段为该区主要找矿目的层位；铀矿化主要与冲积扇一扇三角洲平原沉积环境相关；铀矿化聚集部位受构造相对抬升块段及其内部相对低洼的向斜构造控制。初步认为该区找矿主攻类型为潜水氧化带型和潜水一层问氧化过渡型砂岩铀矿。     

Early diagenesis of nurtrients （C, N, P and Si） stored in sediments of two reservoirs in southwestern China

Damming is a common anthropogenic intervention along the course of rivers, which is defined as ＂artificial-lake effect＂, both in China and across the world. Today as many as 48000 dams and/or reservoirs are in operation in the Changjiang River （Yangtze River） drainage area, and more are being constructed. While damming is well known to affect riverbome nutrient loads, and thus the riverine ecosystems owing to removal of carbon fixation, and removal of particles in reservoir sediments, there is limited information on the detailed early diagenesis of sediments in reservoirs including the regeneration processes of nutrients deposited in sediments and exchange flux across the sediment-water interface, which is important for mass balance of riverbome nutrients. In the present study, two large-size reservoirs, Wujiangdu Reservoir （WJDR） and Dongfeng Reservoir （DFR）, located on the main steam of the Wujiang River and with uniformity hydrography and discrepancy biogeochemical activity （e. g. primary production）, were selected for a comparative study on the detailed processes of nutrient regeneration. Water, pore water and sediment were sampled from these two reservoirs and dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, NH4^＋, NO3^-, PO4^3-, dissolved silica （DSi） in the overlying water and pore water, and total organic matter in sediments were determined. The results of correlation analysis suggested that in these two reservoirs, processes of nutrient regeneration near the sediment-water interface were significantly different. As a result of rapid decomposition of algae-derived ＂labile＂ organic matter in upper sediments, nutrient regeneration processes and upward fluxes in WJDR are dramatically stronger than those of DFR. NH4^＋ upward flux from sediment in WJDR was about 17 times higher than that in DFR. PO4^3- flux in WJDR is about 13 times above that in DFR. DOC flux in WJDR is larger that in DFR by 5 times, and DSi by 1 time.     

CQK-50型车载化钻机的研制

在分析研究小型地质车载钻机的形式、功能与特点的基础上，提出了钻机车载化的新思路。根据地质调查工作现状，结合国内现有小型地质取样钻机，研制了CQK-50型全液压多功能车载取样钻机，并在野外物化探遥感异常验证钻探中取得了良好效果。     

汽车底盘技术在HGY-1500型钻机中的应用

在HGY-1500型钻机的设计中应用汽车底盘技术，选用汽车变速器、离合器等零部件；钻机分动箱采用斜齿圆柱齿轮传动，使用接合套式换挡装置进行换挡，提高了钻机工作的可靠性，降低了生产成本，减轻了钻机质量，操作轻松、方便。     

Hydrogeochemical controls on surface and groundwater chemistry in naturally acidic, porphyry-related mineralized areas, southern Rocky Mountains

In southern Rocky Mountains, catchments characterized by acidic, metalliferous waters that are relatively unaffected by human activity usually occur within areas that have active or historical mining activity. The US Geological Survey has utilized these mineralized but unmined catchments to constrain geochemical processes that control the surface- and ground-water chemistry associated with near surface acid weathering as well as to estimate premining conditions. Study areas include the upper Animas River watershed, Lake City, Mt. Emmons, and Montezuma in Colorado and Questa in New Mexico. Although host-rock lithologies range from Precambrian gneisses to Cretaceous sedimentary units to Tertiary volcanic complexes, mineralization is Tertiary in age and associated with intermediate to felsic composition, porphyritic plutons. Pyrite is ubiquitous. Variability of metal concentrations in water is caused by two main factors： mineralogy and hydrology. Parameters that potentially affect water chemistry include： host-rock lithology, intensity of hydrothermal alteration, sulfide mineralogy and chemistry, gangue mineralogy, length of flow path, precipitation, evaporation, and redox conditions. Springs and headwater streams have pH values as low as 2.5, sulfate up to 3700 mg/L and high dissolved metal concentrations （for example： Al up to 170 mg/L; Fe up to 250 mg/L; Cu up to 3.5 mg/L and Zn up to 14 mg/L）. With the exception of evaporative waters, the lowest pH values and highest Fe and Al concentrations occur in water draining the most intense hydrothermally altered areas consisting of the mineral assemblage quartz-sericite-pyrite. Stream beds tend to be coated with iron floc, and some reaches are underlain by ferricrete. When iron-rich ground water interacts with oxygenated waters in the stream or hyporheic zone, ferrous iron is oxidized to ferric iron, which is less soluble, leading to the precipitation of iron oxyhydroxides.