数码调绘系统的应用与展望

首先介绍了一种数码调绘系统的硬件、软件概况,然后从数码调绘的工艺流程出发,结合实际操作,总结出了数码调绘的作业步骤,以及数码调绘系统的优势、存在的不足和对未来数码调绘系统的展望。     

陆地卫星数据信息提取的一个新方法

陆地卫星图像的磁带数码值或扫描密度值,均可被转换成绝对辐射值。四个波段中的每一波段的辐射值,均可分解为具有不同物理意义的三部分,其中,四个波段中物理意义相同的那一部分,又可被重新组合起来,于是,便得到三个新变量。它们分别被命名为总辐射水平值L,可见-红外(辐射)平衡值B,和波段(辐射)变化向量值V。L能监测地物的辐射强度;B能监测水、水分和地表层的潮湿程度,并能区分云、雪和冰;V能监测植被的密度与生活力,因而是植被状况的良好指标。这三个变量几乎包含了原四个波段的全部信息,因此,通常只需处理这三个变量。算法基于回归分析且维数低,因此十分简单。因而,可节省图像处理时间和费用。使用这个方法,可以获得真正三色的、接近于自然色彩的真彩色合成图像,还可获得相应于地物特征的有意义的密度分割图像。此方法已被应用于中国和世界范围内的遥感资料。     

数码相机实施摄像测量的几个问题

提出像方几何量均取像素为单位处理，以直接使用现有摄影测量程序并使检校过程简化，给出α值的检校要求关系式，罗列主距的锁定方式，总结数码相机所摄影像的多种处理方法并充分利用数码相机功能。     

Photoshop 6在翡翠雕件成像中的应用

Photoshop软件具有较强的图像编辑能力，而且仍在不断升级。笔者尝试使用该软件中诸如色阶、直方图、曲线等工具，把从数码相机中摄取的图像信息，经过对比度、色调、色彩等校正，打印出能真实反映翡翠雕件的相片，实际运用中效果较佳。     

Gas Hydrates in the Qilian Mountain Permafrost, Qinghai, Northwest China

Qilian Mountain permafrost, with area about 10×104 km2, locates in the north of Qinghai-Tibet plateau. It equips with perfect conditions and has great prospecting potential for gas hydrate. The Scientific Drilling Project of Gas Hydrate in Qilian Mountain permafrost, which locates in Juhugeng of Muri Coalfield, Tianjun County, Qinghai Province, has been implemented by China Geological Survey in 2008–2009. Four scientific drilling wells have been completed with a total footage of 2059.13 m. Samples of gas hydrate are collected separately from holes DK-1, DK-2 and DK-3. Gas hydrate is hosted under permafrost zone in the 133–396 m interval. The sample is white crystal and easily burning. Anomaly low temperature has been identified by the infrared camera. The gas hydrate-bearing cores strongly bubble in the water. Gas-bubble and water-drop are emitted from the hydrate-bearing cores and then characteristic of honeycombed structure is left. The typical spectrum curve of gas hydrate is detected using Raman spectrometry. Furthermore, the logging profile also indicates high electrical resistivity and sonic velocity. Gas hydrate in Qilian Mountain is characterized by a thinner permafrost zone, shallower buried depth, more complex gas component and coal-bed methane origin etc.