地震计与垂直摆倾斜仪同点观测数据对比

利用垂直摆倾斜仪与地震计进行同点观测对比实验。将传感器输出信号统一采样后,以时域背景噪声包络为标准对数据进行统一量化,计算振幅谱,根据振幅随频率的变化判断2种仪器对不同信号的检测能力。在此基础上,以背景噪声、地震波、固体潮汐为天然测试信号测试2种仪器的检测能力。结果表明,对于固体潮汐所在的长周期频段的信号,垂直摆倾斜仪记录的振幅大于地震计,地震计在该频段的记录数据主要来源于仪器噪声;对于远震面波,2种仪器皆有较好的记录效果,其中垂直摆倾斜仪记录的振幅大于地震计;近震及地方震引起的高频地震动处于垂直摆倾斜仪设计的响应通带之外,数据可比性不大。     

基于HHT方法的地层Q值补偿方法研究

常规的基于叠后地震资料的地层Q值补偿方法受数据平均效应的影响,Q值估算精度较低,导致保真性差,而HHT时频分析可以反映出信号的局部信息,基于以上原因,提出一种基于HHT方法的地层Q值补偿方法。首先应用HHT分频技术将浅层、中深层地震数据分成不同的频率范围,得到不同目标层频率尺度的地震数据;然后在HHT时频域内通过谱比法提取Q值;最后分别进行地层Q值振幅补偿和相位补偿。该方法针对不同的目标地层将地震数据分解成不同的频率尺度,避免了不同频率成分之间的干扰,而且可针对性处理目标层的频率信息,提高了地层Q值提取的稳定性。模型试算和实际资料应用表明,该方法能够有效地对振幅和相位进行补偿,使中深层反射波形得到恢复,主频提高,频带展宽,地震资料的品质得到提升。     

Temperature and light tolerance of representative brown, green and red algae in tumble culture revealed by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements

Laminaria japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, Ulva lactuca, Grateloupia turuturu and Palmaria palmata are suitable species that fit the requirements of a seaweed-animal integrated aquaculture system in terms of their viable biomass, rapid growth and promising nutrient uptake rates. In this investigation, the responses of the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield of the five algal species in tumble culture were assessed at a temperature range of 10 - 30℃. The results revealed that Ulva lactuca was the most resistant species to high temperature, withstanding 30℃ for 4 h without apparent decline in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield . While the arctic alga Palmaria palmata was the most vulnerable one, showing significant decline in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield at 25℃ for 2 h. The cold-water species Laminaria japonica, however, demonstrated strong ability to cope with higher temperature （24 -26℃ ） for shorter time （within 24 h） without significant decline in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield . Grateloupia turuturu showed a general decrease in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield with the rising temperature from 23 to 30℃ , similar to the temperate kelp Undaria pinnatifida. Changes of chlorophyll fluorescence yields of these algae were characterized differently indicating the existence of species-unique strategy to cope with high light. Measurements of the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield after short exposure to direct solar irradiance revealed how long these exposures could be without significant photoinhibition or with promising recovery in photosynthetic activities. Seasonal pattern of alternation of algal species in tank culture in the Northern Hemisphere at the latitude of 36°N was proposed according to these basic measurements.     

An Approximate Method for Calculation of Fluid Force and Response of A Circular Cylinder at Lock-in

In this paper, equations calculating lift force of a rigid circular cylinder at lock-in in uniform flow are deduced in detail. Besides, equations calculating the lift force on a long flexible circular cylinder at lock-in are deduced based on mode analysis of a multi-degree freedom system. The simplified forms of these equations are also given. Furthemore, an approximate method to predict the forces and response of rigid circular cylinders and long flexible circular cylinders at lock-in is introduced in the case of low mass-damping ratio. A method to eliminate one deficiency of these equations is introduced. Comparison with experimental results shows the effectiveness of this approximate method.     

Evaluation of Inference Adequacy in Cumulative Logistic Regression Models:An Empirical Validation of ISW-Ridge Relationships

Internal solitary wave propagation over a submarine ridge results in energy dissipation, in which the hydrodynamic interaction between a wave and ridge affects marine environment. This study analyzes the effects of ridge height and potential energy during wave-ridge interaction with a binary and cumulative logistic regression model. In testing the Global Null Hypothesis, all values are p＜0.001, with three statistical methods, such as Likelihood Ratio, Score, and Wald. While comparing with two kinds of models, tests values obtained by cumulative logistic regression models are better than those by binary logistic regression models. Although this study employed cumulative logistic regression model, three probability functions 1, 2 and 3, are utilized for investigating the weighted influence of factors on wave reflection. Deviance and Pearson tests are applied to check the goodness-of-fit of the proposed model. The analytical results demonstrated that both ridge height (X1) and potential energy (X2) significantly impact (p＜0.0001) the amplitude-based reflected rate; the P-values for the deviance and Pearson are all ＞0.05 (0.2839, 0.3438, respectively). That is, the goodness-of-fit between ridge height (X1) and potential energy (X2) can further predict parameters under the scenario of the best parsimonious model.Investigation of 6 predictive powers (R2, Max-rescaled R2, Somers''D, Gamma, Tau-a, and c, respectively) indicate that these predictive estimates of the proposed model have better predictive ability than ridge height alone, and are very similar to the interaction of ridge height and potential energy. It can be concluded that the goodness-of-fit and prediction ability of the cumulative logistic regression model are better than that of the binary logistic regression model.     

海平面上升导致潮波系统变化的机理(Ⅱ)——基于数值模拟的研究

利用潮波基本方程数值模拟了湾口朝南的不同矩形海湾和曲折岸线海湾中海平面上升引起的潮位振幅和位相变化.根据矩形海湾中的模拟结果可以看出,如果忽略潮波方程中的非线性项,潮位振幅变化△R和位相变△θ的空间分布特征与基于理论模型在矩形海湾所获得的特征相当接近;当考虑方程中的非线性项时,不包括较深的海湾,正负△R的分界线变成1条通过无潮点附近的封闭曲线,而不是线性情况下的1条通过无潮点附近大致东西走向的曲线.另外也发现,在曲折岸线的海湾内,如果忽略非线性项,正负△R的分界线是1条通过2个无潮点的半环状的曲线,当考虑非线性项时,出现2条正负的分界线,它们是通过各自无潮点附近的封闭曲线.就△R的强度来说,非线性项使得正△R的强度减弱,在较浅水海湾中的△R强度大于较深水海湾中的强度,海底横向倾斜的海湾中的莫玆强度大于较浅水海湾中的强度.△R最强的区域位于无潮点附近的一段△R分界线之两侧.     

南海北部内孤立波SAR遥感反演的初步研究

应用海洋内孤立波2层流体模型的SAR遥感反演技术,对南海北部内孤立波SAR遥感反演进行了初步研究.对于不存在由同一波源生成的2个内孤立波波包的SAR遥感图像资料,可以利用Levitus等的月平均温盐资料确定跃层深度和约化重力加速度,进而确定内波波速并进行内波振幅的反演.这样能够充分利用宝贵的SAR图像资源.     

鄂尔多斯黄土塬直测线二维地震资料处理攻关试验

针对鄂尔多斯盆地南部黄土塬区复杂地表条件下的直测线二维地震资料进行了处理攻关试验,通过近地表模型静校正、折射波静校正和层析静校正等方法的对比试验,提出了更适应本地区的静校正方法。并且通过振幅补偿、叠前去噪等技术方法改善了资料品质,提高了资料的信噪比和分辨率,可为进一步落实和发现局部构造及勘探开发部署提供重要的依据。     

龙口湾大振幅假潮形成的数值模拟

龙口湾是出现假潮比较显著的海湾之一,据统计1972-1981年间,平均每年出现6次40cm以上的振动,1980年9月1日观测到水位振动的最大振幅达293cm,同日的气压波也有7个hPa的起伏.本文用数值模拟的方法,初步探讨了气压扰动和在龙口湾1980年9月1日观测到的假潮之间的定量关系,证实了在龙口湾中出现的大振幅假潮的确是由于移动气压波扰动激起湾外长波,传入湾内发生共振所导致的.直接由气压波扰动很难导致大振幅假潮的发生.     

常时微动测试在抗震设计上的应用

简要介绍了常时微动的基础知识、分类、研究现状及其在抗震设计工程中的应用。