Overcoming flood and desiccation made by implementing artificial recharge toward absorption reservoir

Flood and desiccation are perceived as two most critical and influential disasters which contradict between causes and consequences. Flood occurs when the water surface could no longer flow the whole water flow, thus, the water flooded. Contradicted to that, desiccation occurs when the water flow contains a low volume of water deposit, thus, the water requirement exceeds the available potential. That condition was caused by land utilization as the consequences due to the increased land requirement for housing or industrial needs. An attempt to overcome the flood, nowadays, is implemented mostly in a structural way, through building canals, implementing rivers normalization, building gateways or building flood control pump which are more directed toward the flood direction in order to increase the surface flow in an immediate maner to the sea. However, the effort to overcome the flood its self, could be more effective if followed by an effort to increase the soil ability to absorb natural recharge or artificial recharge or by refilling the water into the earth surface. Absorption reservoir used as one of technology alternatives （artificial recharge） could also be used to support the attempt to overcome flood and desiccation. Absorption reservoir is a dam which was designed according to the basic principles, such as the bottom surface of the reservoir that has a high permeability surface; the surface of the reservoir water is higher （higher aquifer） along with a high permeability, considering the availability of water source that has been absorbed and its quality; considering the aquifer category on the water absorption dam;     

Early diagenesis of nurtrients （C, N, P and Si） stored in sediments of two reservoirs in southwestern China

Damming is a common anthropogenic intervention along the course of rivers, which is defined as ＂artificial-lake effect＂, both in China and across the world. Today as many as 48000 dams and/or reservoirs are in operation in the Changjiang River （Yangtze River） drainage area, and more are being constructed. While damming is well known to affect riverbome nutrient loads, and thus the riverine ecosystems owing to removal of carbon fixation, and removal of particles in reservoir sediments, there is limited information on the detailed early diagenesis of sediments in reservoirs including the regeneration processes of nutrients deposited in sediments and exchange flux across the sediment-water interface, which is important for mass balance of riverbome nutrients. In the present study, two large-size reservoirs, Wujiangdu Reservoir （WJDR） and Dongfeng Reservoir （DFR）, located on the main steam of the Wujiang River and with uniformity hydrography and discrepancy biogeochemical activity （e. g. primary production）, were selected for a comparative study on the detailed processes of nutrient regeneration. Water, pore water and sediment were sampled from these two reservoirs and dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, NH4^＋, NO3^-, PO4^3-, dissolved silica （DSi） in the overlying water and pore water, and total organic matter in sediments were determined. The results of correlation analysis suggested that in these two reservoirs, processes of nutrient regeneration near the sediment-water interface were significantly different. As a result of rapid decomposition of algae-derived ＂labile＂ organic matter in upper sediments, nutrient regeneration processes and upward fluxes in WJDR are dramatically stronger than those of DFR. NH4^＋ upward flux from sediment in WJDR was about 17 times higher than that in DFR. PO4^3- flux in WJDR is about 13 times above that in DFR. DOC flux in WJDR is larger that in DFR by 5 times, and DSi by 1 time.     

Effect of particles on the photodegradation of PAHs in natural waters-A case study for the Yellow River

Photodegradation of chrysene, benzo （a） pyrene and benzo （g, h, i） perylene in natural water of the Yellow River was studied using simulation sunlight. The effects of particulates on the photodegradation were explored. Several results arose from this study. （1） The photodegradation of PAHs can be fitted with first-order kinetics when no particulate exists in water system, and the first-order constant increases with decreasing of initial concentration of PAHs. The photodegradation rates of the three PAHs are related to their molecule absorption spectrum. （2） The existence of loess exerts two kinds of effects on the photodegradation of PAHs, including the inner filter effects and the photosensitizing effects of humic substance in loess. These two contrary effects lead to the difference of net effects among different contents of loess. When the loess contents are 0.1 and 5.0 g/L, the existence of loess stimulates the photodegradation of chrysene, benzo （a） pyrene. When the loess content is 5.0 g/L, the existence of loess stimulates the photodegradation of benzo （g, h, i） perylene. In addition, the photodegradation of PAHs can be fitted with the second-order kinetics when there is loess in the water system. （3） The soluble humic substances in loess can accelerate the photodegradation of PAHs while the in soluble part cannot. （4） Since the soluble humic substances in the suspended solids of the river have been dissolved in water,     

Water chemical behavior at Yangtze （Changjiang） River estuary

Geochemical cycling has received wide attention due to the need to understand the pathways of pollutants through our present environment. In this regard the Yangtze River plays a significant role in putting those pollutants into the East China SeafWorld Oceans. The Yangtze River is of high sedimentation rate and water discharge. The watershed covers variable climate regions from temperate to subtropical and from semiarid to humid. Twenty three （23） sampling locations at the estuary have been selected for understanding the dynamic relationships. The elements （Cl^-, SO4^2-, Na^＋, K^＋, and Ca^2＋） show conservative behavior during mixing of fresh water with saline water whereas Mg^2＋, Mn^2＋ show a non-conservative pattern . The relationships between Na^＋/SO4^2- and Cl^-/SO4^2- molar ratios show a mixing of more than two water sources.     

吉林伊通盆地莫里青断陷古近系双阳组储集层成岩作用研究

古近系双阳组是在吉林省伊通盆地莫里青断陷中，油气赋存的主要层位,储层主要为湖底扇和扇三角洲的砂体。依据双阳组储层的大量薄片、扫描电镜、粘土矿物分析的资料研究了该储集层的成岩作用。研究结果表明双阳组储集层：成岩作用经历了压实、压溶、胶结、交代和溶解6方面的作用。双储集层中的自生粘土矿物蒙皂石向伊利石转化具有明显的特征：主要演化过程经历了蒙皂石渐变带，第一迅速转化带和第二迅速转化带，相应的成岩作用阶段可划分为早成岩阶段B期、晚成岩阶段A1期和晚成岩阶段A2期。依据在垂向上的成岩变化,建立了莫里青断陷双阳组储集层的成岩作用演化序列。在垂向上成岩作用的类型和强度均存在明显的差异，造成了储层物性的垂向分带。     

塔里木盆地北部塔河油田奥陶系加里东期岩溶作用及其油气地质意义

详细的钻井地质学、地球物理和地球化学研究表明,塔河油田南部奥陶系内部和顶部发育多幕次的加里东期岩溶作用,主要表现在奥陶系内部牙形石带缺失、钻井放空和泥浆漏失、地震剖面上奥陶统反射波组底部上超和项部削截,以及溶洞充填方解石的Sr同位素特征等方面.加里东期岩溶储层主要受不整合面、断裂、岩性和古地貌等因素控制,表现出明显的断控和层控特征.由此预测该储层发育区位于古风化壳剥蚀区、加里东期断裂发育区和滩相储层发育区的叠合部位,主要位于阿克库勒凸起的轴部倾没端和塔河西南部、东南部的北东向、近南北向断裂发育区.     

充分发挥行政复议监督作用 促进国土资源管理工作——在国土资源部行政复议委员会全体会议上的讲话

今天,我们召开部行政复议委员会全体会议。刚才,大家听取了法规司对2004年以来我部的行政复议与行政应诉工作情况的汇报。近两年来,在部党组的高度重视和行政复议委员会的领导下,我部的行政复议工作开展顺利,很有成效。下面,我就2004年以来我部的行政复议工作和如何做好今后行政复议工作,讲几点意见。一、发挥行政复议的作用,推进依法行政去年国务院发布的《全面推进依法行政实施纲要》对行政复议工作提出了新的具体要求:一是要求完善行政监督制度和机制,强化对行政行为的监督;二是要求行政机关认真贯彻《行政复议法》,加强行政复议工作;三…     

苦橄岩、苦橄玢岩的命名及特征

岩石学中,中文以"苦"字命名的岩石仅有苦橄岩和苦橄玢岩."苦"字是从日文转译而来,是镁的意思,因该岩石中主要造岩矿物为富镁的橄榄石.日文中镁(グト)音为Kaodao,为中文"苦"的谐音,因得译名.     

人与自然和谐理念在实施引岳济淀中发挥的作用分析

论述了引岳济淀生态应急补水工程,利用现有河渠,把漳卫、子牙、大清3条东西流向、中、上游互不相干的河道串联起来,通过科学调度,使干涸的白洋淀恢复了原有功能,实现了水资源的优化配置,促进了人与自然的和谐.     

大别山造山带前陆深地震反射剖面

在大别山南部和扬子地块前陆实施的深地震反射剖面(140 km)揭示出大别山造山带前陆地壳的精细结构。总体北倾的地壳内部结构与向北缓倾的叠瓦状莫霍面反射揭示出扬子陆块向北俯冲的行迹。莫霍面向北插入大别山造山带下与南大别山地壳内南倾反射震相叠置,构成交叉反射图像,刻画出扬子前陆与大别山造山带的碰撞构造面貌。