三种插值方法在降水等值线绘制中的对比分析

为对比不同插值方法在宁夏回族自治区的适用性,基于宁夏及其周边地区77个气象台站1956—2016年平均降水量数据,运用泰森多边形法、距离平均反比法、克里金插值法对降雨量数据进行空间插值和交叉验证,从插值方法的稳健性和准确度出发进行对比分析,得出适用于宁夏回族自治区的插值方法。研究表明：（1）从准确度来看,克里金插值法与观测值走向、位置较为相似;从稳健性来看,克里金插值法MAE平均值为4.43 mm、RMSE平均值为10.36 mm,显著小于泰森多边形法和距离平均反比法。（2）整体来看,克里金插值法更为理想,可以用于宁夏回族自治区降水量空间插值分析。     

Bulk compositions of metallic Fe-Ni of chondrites： Constraints on fractionation of siderophile and chalcophile elements

Bulk compositions of metallic Fe-Ni from two equilibrated ordinary chondrites, Jilin (H5) and Anlong (H5), and two unequilibrated ones, GRV 9919 (L3) and GRV 021603 (H3), were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The CI-, Co-normalized abundances of siderophile and chalcophile elements of metallic Fe-Ni from the unequilibrated ordinary chondrites correlate with 50% condensation temperatures (i.e., volatility) of the elements. The refractory siderophile elements (i.e., platinum group elements, Re), Au, Ni and Co show a flat pattern (1.01×CI Co-normalized), while moderate elements (As, Cu, Ag, Ga, Ge, Zn) decrease with volatility from 0.63×CI (Co-normalized, As) to 0.05×CI (Co-normalized, Zn). Cr and Mn show deficit relative to the trend, probably due to their main partition in silicates and sulfides (nonmagnetic). Metallic Fe-Ni from the equilibrated ordinary chondrites shows similar patterns, except for strong deficit of Cr, Mn, Ag and Zn. It is indicated that these elements were almost all partitioned into silicates and/or sulfides during thermal metamorphism. The similar deficit of Cr, Mn, Ag and Zn was also found in iron meteorites. Our analyses demonstrate similar behaviors of W and Mo as refractory siderophile elements during condensation of the solar nebula, except for slight depletion of Mo in the L3 and H5 chondrites. The Mo-depletion of metallic Fe-Ni from GRV 9919 (L3) relative to GRV 021603 (H3) could be due to a more oxidizing condition of the former than the latter in the solar nebula. In contrast, the Mo-depletion of the metallic Fe-Ni from the H5 chondrites may reflect partition of Mo from metal to silicates and/or sulfides during thermal metamorphism in the asteroidal body.     

金川铜、镍(含PGE)岩浆硫化物矿床母岩浆成分的估计

利用金川侵入体的岩石化学和铂族元素资料,根据Ｒｏｅｄｅｒ和Ｅｍｓｌｉｅ的橄榄石液相平衡原理,估计金川超镁铁质岩的母岩浆为大约含１０８％ＭｇＯ的高镁玄武岩浆;将其与不同构造背景下形成的玄武岩岩石化学成分进行对比,认为金川侵入体的母岩浆的化学成分与巴西北部Ｍａｒａｎｈａｏ低Ｔｉ玄武岩浆的化学成分相似,代表了一种大陆裂谷背景下火山活动的产物。     

基于深地震测深的深部动力学研究方法和应用

深地震测深是探测壳幔岩石圈精细速度结构、探讨岩石圈变形和演化过程的一种有效方法,在青藏高原隆升、克拉通裂解等大陆动力学研究中已发挥了重要的作用.然而,地震测深方法与深部动力学研究的结合尚处于现象描述为主的状态.因此,本文对前人利用深地震测深资料进行深部动力学研究的相关方法进行了回顾与总结:宽角反射/折射地震震相特征具有...     

嫦娥三号：“巡视”月球、“勘察”资源

首次实施我国月面巡视勘察任务嫦娥三号探月航天器包括着陆器和携带的玉兔号月球车,它不仅要在月球表面上实施软着陆,并且还要在月球上释放我国首辆“玉兔”月球车,获取月球物质成分并进行分析,发回数据和图像,再携带月球样本返回地球。     

Material Composition and Engineering Characteristics of Red Clay in Guigang, Guangxi

Red clay is highly silty clay with red and yellowcolors, formed by the weathering and laterization ocarbonate rocks in hot and wet climate condition(Wiesner, 1999; The Committee of the Handbook oGeological Engineering, 1993). Guigang in Guangxis in a low latitude, sub tropical climate, so its sum mer is long and its winter is short, and heat and pre cipitation are profuse. Carbonate rocks are wideldistributed. Given such a geological environment anweathering conditions, …     

平面有限元计算结果等值线的绘制

有限元的计算结果常需要用等值线表示出来。Surfer是一应用得十分广泛地作等值线的软件,但它仍有不足,如有的等值线所代表的值无法判断等。基于有限元网格和线性插值的方法及其他一些处理技巧,可有效地克服Surfer等软件的缺点,通过VBA语言编程可直接将等值线画在常用的制图软件AutoCAD界面里。所编的程序在平面有限元计算结果的等值线绘制中运用效果良好。     

国土资源部海洋地质实验检测中心

1历史沿革国土资源部海洋地质实验检测中心,隶属青岛海洋地质研究所,原名地质矿产部海洋地质实验测试中心,是原地质矿产部下属的专业检测机构。2001年更名为国土资源部海洋地质实验检测中心。经过20余年的发展,现已建成实验工种比较齐全、海洋特色鲜明的综合性实验检测中心。中心于     

Crustal Composition of China Continent Constrained from Heat Flow Data and Helium Isotope Ratio of Underground Fluid

Based on conservation of energy principle and heat flow data in China continent, the upper limit of 1.3 μW/m3 heat production is obtained for continental crust in China. Furthermore, using the data of heat flow and helium isotope ratio of underground fluid, the heat productions of different tectonic units in China continent are estimated in range of 0.58–1.12 μW/m3 with a median of 0.85 μW/m3. Accordingly, the contents of U, Th and K2O in China crust are in ranges of 0.83–1.76 μg/g, 3.16–6.69 μg/g, and 1.0%–2.12%, respectively. These results indicate that the abundance of radioactive elements in the crust of China continent is much higher than that of Archean crust; and this fact implies China’s continental crust is much evolved in chemical composition. Meanwhile, significant lateral variation of crustal composition is also exhibited among different tectonic units in China continent. The crust of eastern China is much enriched in incompatible elements such as U, Th and K than that of western China; and the crust of orogenic belts is more enriched than that of platform regions. It can also be inferred that the crusts of eastern China and orogenic belts are much felsic than those of western China and platform regions, respectively, derived from the positive correlation between the heat production and SiO2 content of bulk crust. This deduction is consistent with the results derived from the crustal seismic velocity data in China. According to the facts of the lower seismic velocity of China than the average value of global crust, and the higher heat production of China continent compared with global crust composition models published by previous studies, it is deduced that the average composition models of global continent crust by Rudnick and Fountain (1995), Rudnick and Gao (2003), Weaver and Tarney (1984), Shaw et al. (1986), and Wedepohl (1995) overestimate the abundance of incompatible elements such as U, Th and K of continental crust.