人工神经网络方法反演东中国海悬移质浓度

海中悬移质是决定海洋光学性质、海洋水质,河口海岸带演变动力过程的重要环境参数。本文利用模拟遥感反射比数据集建立人工神经网络反演悬移质浓度,并利用东中国海现场同步数据对该算法进行验证。     

Einstein床沙质输移理论的再研究——关于细颗粒床沙质输沙率的计算

本文对Einstein输沙模式进行了简化处理.在此基础上,通过严格的数学推导,求出了Einstein床沙质挟沙能力公式中的J₁、J₂及p积分,从而给出了Einstein床沙质输沙函数的解析关系.通过与数值解的比较,表明本文的结论是正确的.由于本文所给的解析结果较简单,所以使Einstein输沙公式有可能在实际中,特别是在河床变形计算中得到广泛应用.但是本文是在悬浮指数z<1的情况讨论的,因此结论只适用于以悬移质运动为主的细沙河流.     

Sediment Load of Asian Rivers flowing into the Oceans and their Regional Variation

Study of the major Asian rivers discharge to the ocean reveals variations of their water discharges and sediment loads.and local characteristics of river sediment concentrations.On the basis of this,the Asian rivers fall into three regions,including Eurasia Arctic,East Asia,Southeast and South Asia Regions.The Eurasia Arctic Region is characterized by the lowest sediment concentration and load,while the East Asia Region is of the highest sediment concentration and higher sediment load,and the South-East and South Asia Region yields Higher Sediment concentration and highest sediment load. The sediment loads of these regions are mainly controlled by climate,geomorphology and tectonic activity.The Eurasia Arctc rivers with large basin areas and water discharge,drain low relief which consists of tundra sediment,thus causing the lowest sediment load.The East Asia rivers with small basin areas and lowest water discharges,drain extensive loess plateau,and transport most erodible loess material,which results in highest sediment concentration.The SE and South Asia rivers originating from the Tibet Plateau have large basin areas and the largest water discharges because of the Summer Monsoon and high rainfall influence,causing the highest sediment load.In Asia,tectonic motion of the Tibet Plateau Plays an important role.Those large rivers originating from the Tibet Plateau trasport about 50% of the world river sediment load to ocean annually,forming large estuaries and deltas,and consequently exerting a great influence on sedimentation in the coastal zone and shelves.     

前进波作用下沙纹床面的净输沙方向与净输沙强度

在沙纹床面输沙过程中，假设水流从涡中取出并搬运的悬移质数量与推移质运动的沙星成比例，由12组细沙实验结果得到了沙纹床面净输沙的方向和输沙强度公式，并与他人的实验结果进行对比。     

论水库的三角洲淤积(一)

根据不平衡输沙方程,论证了水库淤积的三角洲向性。用水库淤积与河床演变通用数学模型对水库淤积过程进行了“试验”,得到了典型三角洲的形成与发展的全过程,据此对于已形成三角洲的水库,利用非均匀悬移质平衡输沙理论,推导了一整套三角洲形态特征的理论表达式,包括三角洲淤积百发数,前坡淤积百分数、洲面线方程,水面线方程,前坡长度,洲面和前坡淤积物级配及各特征断面的悬移质级配,阐述了三角洲推进的定量方程和三角洲形     

漏斗式全沙排沙技术及其应用

主要介绍了一种新型泥沙处理技术,即“漏斗式全沙排沙术”.该项技术既可以排除粗颗粒的推移质泥沙,也可以排除细颗粒的悬移质泥沙.对0.5mm以上的粗颗粒泥沙的截沙率为100%,对0.5mm以下细颗粒泥沙的截沙率为90%,排沙耗水量仅占渠道引水量的2%～5%.     

陕南河流泥沙输移比问题

通过分析陕南河流泥沙的输移比现状、输移比的时空变化及发展趋势,指出在特定的自然地理条件下,泥沙中推移质比例较大,致使该区泥沙输移比远小于１,这是陕南河流泥沙运移的重要特征;输移比在空间上有明显差异并且沿程逐渐增大。从时间上看,自５０年代以来,输移比有不断减小的趋势,今后一段时间,随着区内河流径流量的减少和人为侵蚀作用的加剧,泥沙输移比仍会减小。