近40年呼伦贝尔地区气候变暖初探

选取呼伦贝尔市 8个代表站 196 1～ 2 0 0 0年资料 ,用线性拟合等方法 ,对呼伦贝尔市及其林、牧、农区的年平均温度、季平均温度、年平均最高温度和年平均最低温度、气温日较差、无霜期和积温等进行了分析。结果表明 :(1)全市近 4 0年气候变暖明显 ,年平均气温、年平均最高温度和年平均最低温度均呈升高趋势。 (2 )年温升高的趋势主要受到冬季气温显著变化的影响。 (3)年平均最高和最低气温变化表现出非常明显的不对称性趋势 ,气温日较差变小趋势是以最低温度升高高于最高温度升高为特点的。 (4 )无霜日数显著增加 ,无霜期延长 ,≥ 10℃积温带有明显北移的特征。     

宁夏中北部地区沙尘暴频率气候影响指数模型的建立

从形成沙尘暴天气的动力机制、热力条件及物质基础入手,定性地分析了月平均风速、湿润度指数、月地面温差及下垫面沙化程度对沙尘暴频率的影响,在此基础上借鉴最新研究进展,建立适合宁夏中北部地区沙尘暴频率气候影响指数模型,比较深入地分析了宁夏中北部地区气候因素对沙尘暴频率的影响。     

太湖地区农业源污染核算研究进展

太湖地区水体污染严重,控制太湖污染、改善太湖水质,对发挥太湖的综合服务功能,促进全流域经济可持续发展和社会稳定具有重要的战略意义.充分把握和核算太湖地区农业源污染排放量、入河量及其时空分布是落实太湖地区污染物科学减排从而进一步改善太湖水质的基础.本研究总结和概述了太湖地区农业源污染现有的核算方法、产排污参数、控制途径等,结合太湖地区农业源污染构成、排放与布局的复杂情况,提出综合运用各种核算研究方法,充分考虑各污染来源,确定农业源污染的产污量、排污量和入河量,并通过建立分期、分区、细分类型的农业源污染排放、入河参数,为科学确定农业源污染减排指标以及制定减排措施提供依据.     

A Case study of a snowstorm at the Great Wall Station,Antarctica

A case of a snowstorm at the Great Wall Station was studied using data of NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) analysis, in situ observations and surface weather charts. The storm occurred on August 29th,2006, and brought high winds and poor horizontal visibility to the region.It was found that the storm occurred under the synoptic situation of a high in the south and a low in the north. A low-level easterly jet from the Antarctic continent significantly decreased the air temperature and humidity.Warm air advection at high level brought sufficient vapor from lower latitudes for the snowstorm to develop.The dynamic factors relating to strong snowfall and even the developmentof a snowstorm were deep cyclonic vorticity at middle and low levels,the configuration of divergence at high level and convergence at low level, and strong verticaluplift. There was an inversion layer in the low-level atmosphere during the later phase of the storm.This vertical structure of cold air at low levels and warm air at high levels may have been important to the longevity of the snowstorm.     

Status of the Recent Declining of Arctic Sea Ice Studies

In the past 30 years, a large-scale change occurred in the Arctic climatic system, which had never been observed before 1980s. At the same time, the Arctic sea ice experienced a special evolution with more and more rapidly dramatic declining. In this circumstance, the Arctic sea ice became a new focus of the Arctic research. The recent advancements about abrupt change of the Arctic sea ice are reviewed in this paper .The previous analyses have demonstrated the accelerated declining trend of Arctic sea ice extent in the past 30 years, based on in-situ and satellite-based observations of atmosphere, as well as the results of global and regional climate simulations. Especially in summer, the rate of decrease for the ice extents was above 10% per decade. In present paper, the evolution characteristics of the arctic sea ice and its possible cause are discussed in three aspects, i.e. the sea ice physical properties, the interaction process of sea ice, ocean and atmosphere and its response and feedback mechanism to global and arctic climate system.     

塔里木盆地顺北地区11号走滑断裂带变形及其活动特征

塔里木盆地顺北地区发育大量走滑断裂带,并对油气的运聚成藏有重要控制作用.以顺北西部地区地震资料为基础,对顺北11号走滑断裂带的几何变形特征、活动性、活动期次及其形成机制等进行了分析.顺北11号走滑断裂带整体呈NNW走向延伸,具有垂向分层性和平面分段性.断裂带北段主体为压扭和张扭交互段,中段为两条次级断层控制的拉分地堑,...     

快速城镇化地区土地调查关键技术试点探索

珠江口东岸的东莞市是珠三角快速城镇化的典型代表.随着城镇化的进程,该地区土地利用类型更新速度快、土地利用现状格局较为破碎.技术创新是破解快速城镇化地区国土调查诸多困惑的重要途径,利用新技术、新方法提高国土调查质量和效率是新时期快速城镇化地区国土调查试点的重心.根据该地区国土调查面临的问题,提出了针对快速城镇化地区国土调...     

海洋热点纵横

第二十七次南极科学考察进展顺利北京时间1月8日,世界最高水平的天文科考支撑平台在中国南极昆仑站成功投入运行。该平台由东南大学和中国南极天文中心联合研制,为我国首座独立设计、制造、运行管理与维护的天文科考智能支撑平台。该平台攻克了昆仑站所在的南极冰穹A地区极寒、低气压、缺氧条件下工     

DB16小波对哈尔滨地区汛期降水的分析与预测

利用DB16小波对哈尔滨地区近30 a(1981-2010年)汛期(6-8月)降水进行分析,得出该区汛期降水存在明显的4-6 a,11-15 a以及22-26 a的周期变化。进而预测2011-2014年汛期及各月降水变化,并用实况进行验证。汛期及各月降水的预测准确率为75%,表明该方法具有一定的气候预测能力。     

钟姑地区典型矿床的重磁找矿模式

钟姑地区位于宁芜中生代火山岩盆地南段,已发现有白象山铁矿等多个大型铁矿,是长江中下游成矿带以玢岩型铁矿为主的矿集区。本文以钟姑地区实测岩石物性参数为桥梁,以实测重磁数据为基础,分析了该区白象山铁矿、钟九铁矿和云楼铁矿的重磁场分布特征,并根据典型矿区已知地质条件,运用成熟的2.5D重磁联合反演技术进行计算,从定量角度认识铁矿体深部发育形态、位置与重磁异常之间对应关系,建立钟姑地区白象山铁矿等典型矿床的重磁找矿模式,为该区进一步找矿突破提供地球物理场信息。