对按孔段综合递减系数制定钻探预算定额的思考

在地勘行业,钻探预算定额模式大多是采用按不同孔深不同孔段以一个综合递减系数来制定。此种方法,固然有其理论依据及合理性。然而,笔者在实际工作中,通过大量的钻探勘探统计资料发现:台月效率的高低是与一定的孔深有关系,并随着钻孔的加深而下降,但并非呈直线匀速下降;孔     

Mantle processes during ocean formation：Petrologic records in peridotites from the Alpine－Apennine ophiolites

Mantle peridotites were early exposed at the sea-floor of the Jurassic Tethys derived from the subcontinental mantle of the Europe-Adria system. During continental rifting and oceanic spreading, these lithospheric peri-dotites were percolated via diffuse reactive porous flowby melt fractions produced by near-fractional melting of the upwelling asthenosphere. Ascending melts inter-acted with the lower lithosphere, dissolving pyroxenes and precipitating olivine, and crystallized at shallower levels in the mantle column causing melt impregnation.Subsequent focused porous flow formed replacive dunitechannels, cutting the impregnated oeridotites, which were conduits for upward migration of MORB-type liq-uids. Melt migration produced depletionlrefertilization and significant heating of the percolatedlimpregnated mantle, i.e the thermochemical erosion of the litho-sphere. Impregnated and thermally modified lithos-pheric mantle was cooled by conductive heat loss dur-ing progressive lithosphere thinning and was intrudeaby MORB magmas, which formed Mg-rich and Fe-richgabbroic dykes and bodies. Alpine-Apennine ophiolitic peridotites record the deep-seated migration of melts which changed their compositions and dynamics during the rift evolution. The thermochemical erosion of the lithospheric mantle by the ascending asthenospheric melts, which induces significant compositional and rhe-ological changes in the lower lithosphere, is a major process in the evolution of the continent-ocean transi-tion towards a slow spreading oceanic system.     

区域GPS网实时计算可降水量的若干问题

目前地基GPS气象学测得的可降水量(PWV)精度好于2mm，但在利用区域GPS网实时计算每个测站上空的PWV时，要涉及到很多常规GPS资料处理时所忽略的问题，如需考虑数据处理软件和计算方式的选择、站坐标的确定和约束、轨道的使用方法、网外辅助站最佳数量的确定、海潮对实时计算PWV的影响以及实时应用于气象服务时的端部效应等问题。利用上海GPS综合应用网获取的2002年6、7月份长江三角洲地区人梅前后的数据，分析了利用区域性的GPS网实时计算高精度的PWV时要解决的各种问题，探讨了其数据处理方案。     

区域GPS网实时计算可降水量的若干问题

目前地基GPS气象学测得的可降水量 (PWV )精度好于 2mm ,但在利用区域GPS网实时计算每个测站上空的PWV时 ,要涉及到很多常规GPS资料处理时所忽略的问题 ,如需考虑数据处理软件和计算方式的选择、站坐标的确定和约束、轨道的使用方法、网外辅助站最佳数量的确定、海潮对实时计算PWV的影响以及实时应用于气象服务时的端部效应等问题。利用上海GPS综合应用网获取的 2 0 0 2年 6、7月份长江三角洲地区入梅前后的数据 ,分析了利用区域性的GPS网实时计算高精度的PWV时要解决的各种问题 ,探讨了其数据处理方案     

Effects of Different Diets on the Dietary Attractability and Selectivity of Chinese Shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis

Attractabilities of different diets and dietary selectivity of Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis were studied through behavior observation and feeding experiment, respectively. The five diets used in the experiment are: Fish Flesh (FF), Shrimp Flesh (SF), Clam Foot (CF), Polychaete Worm (PW), and Formulated Diet (FD). No significant differences of attractability exist between any two different diets when every two natural diets or all five diets are provided simultaneously. On the other hand, significant differences of attractability exist between FD and every single natural diet when they are provided simultaneously. Results of behavioral observation indicate that natural diets are more attractive than FD. In feeding experiment, Chinese shrimp has distinct selectivity on different diets. It positively selects CF and PW, negatively selects FF and SF, and excludes FD absolutely. The results of the present studies indicate that the dietary selectivity of shrimp was based not only on the attractabilities of the diets, but also on the responses such as growth and food conversion.     

嫦娥计划及其意义

神州六号的顺利升空，无疑是近段时间大家讨论的热点。自20世纪60年代美国和苏联发射载人宇宙飞船后，中国和印度竞争的焦点则集中于发射无人宇宙飞船。中国和印度分别启动了名为“嫦娥工程”和“无人月球探测计划”的月球探测计划，其目标均为2007—2008年进入月球轨道。其实中国并不满足于仅仅进入月球轨道，其计划是在2012年前，向月球表面发射无人宇宙飞船，获取含有14种有用元素的月球岩石标本，     

正确认识石蜡油

石蜡油又称矿物油，是从原油分馏所得到的无色无味的混合物。它可以分成轻质矿物油及一般矿物油两种，但轻质矿物油的比重及黏稠度较低。由于矿物油具有低致敏性及良好的封闭性，有阻隔水分蒸发的作用，所以常在婴儿油、乳液或乳霜等护肤品中被当做顺滑保湿剂来使用。因为它具有良好的油溶性质，所以也会出现在卸妆油或卸妆乳中。此外，石蜡乳液系列产品可广泛应用于纺织、造纸等工业助剂，在人造纤维板工业中，可完全替代石蜡作为防水、防潮助剂，比使用石蜡更加简便，成本更低、效果更好。且其具有抗酸、抗碱、耐硬水、水溶性强、乳液稳定，     

鄂尔多斯盆地西峰地区长8砂岩微观非均质性的实验分析

通过真实砂岩微观模型实验,客观地分析了鄂尔多斯盆地西峰地区长8砂岩的微观非均质性特征,发现该区长8储层为致密型砂岩,直观地显示出长8砂岩储层具有很强的微观非均质性,砂岩的成岩作用和孔隙结构是影响鄂尔多斯盆地西峰地区长8砂岩储层微观非均质性的主要原因。在低渗透砂岩中,引起砂岩产生强烈的非均质性,而这些砂岩则形成长8砂岩储层的高渗带。     

赣南淘锡坑钨多金属矿床花岗岩和云英岩岩石特征及云英岩中白云母40Ar/39Ar定年

赣南崇义县淘锡坑钨矿位于南岭东西向构造带东段,属于以黑钨矿石英脉型为主的钨多金属矿床。矿床形成与燕山期中酸性岩浆作用有密切关系,石英矿脉受一组北西向断裂控制,穿切新元古界。本文在淘锡坑钨矿区3个揭露到花岗岩体顶部的中段（206、106、56中段）采集到岩体顶部云英岩样品,利用40Ar/39Ar同位素定年测得云英岩中的白云母的坪年龄分别为152.7 ± 1.5 Ma（206中段）,153.4 ± 1.3 Ma（106中段）,155.0 ± 1.4 Ma（56中段）。与前人用其他方法测定的花岗岩成岩和成矿年龄几乎一致。花岗岩和云英岩全岩稀土元素均具有M型四分组效应和强烈的Eu亏损特征,反映出花岗质岩浆经历了高度分异演化及其岩体结晶晚期流体/熔体相互作用。综合前人在南岭地区同类矿床的研究资料,可知南岭地区160～150Ma成岩成矿作用主要分布于南岭中-东段,可能为大陆边缘弧后岩石圈伸展的构造动力学背景的产物。