BTEX anomalies used as indicators of submarine oil and gas reservoirs

It is a conventional method for petroleum prospecting to generally use paraffin hydrocarbon as basic indexes of oil and gas. This conventional geochemical technology, however, shows some limits in the prospecting as paraffin is vulnerable to influences from human and biologic activities. Consequently, BTEX (short for benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylem, which are direct biomarkers) among aromatic hydrocarbon series has been taken into account for the oil and gas prediction. Domestic and foreign study results demonstrate that BTEX is hardly disturbed and can well indicate oil and gas reservoirs. Based on measured data from a South China Sea area, the present authors have used self-developed visual assessment software for petroleum prospecting has been used to process data, strip background anomalies, and outline significant BTEX anomalies. By comparison with stratigraphic profiles of the target area, it is confirmed that BTEX is a good indication of marine oil and gas during the petroleum prospecting.     

七百[山弄]，一个上帝青睐的地方

七百[山弄],国家岩溶地质公园,一个上帝青睐的地方。云贵高原的余脉,在广西大化北部,陡然生出苍莽逶迤的峰丛洼地,形成一个天造地设的岩溶地质公园,这就是七百[山弄]。     

中国西南岩溶生态系统特征与石漠化综合治理对策

以贵州省为核心的中国西南岩溶区面临双重危机：生态恶劣,石漠化严重;人口贫困,全国1/3强的贫困县分布在该地区。石漠化综合治理需要从岩溶生态系统结构和运行规律出发,重点关注岩溶地下水的开发和可持续利用,水土保持和土壤改良,植被恢复和可适应性的经济植物选择,力求区域生态经济双赢、农民脱贫致富。     

有关汶川地震及次生山地灾害研究的一些科学问题

汶川8.0级地震的发生远远超出地学界以前关于横断山区地震及次生灾害发生规律的认识,说明地学界以前对横断山区的新构造运动特点,地震区域分布规律、发生原因,地震次生滑坡泥石流灾害的强度、危害和特大地震在横断山区地貌演化的作用等重大科学问题的认识存在不足或偏差之处.在思考此次地震发生特点的基础上,结合在西南山区的多年工作经验,提出了汶川大地震后亟待开展的第四纪以来横断山区古地震重建、古滑坡分布、水库诱发地震、特大地震在横断山区山地地貌演化的作用等方面的科学研究问题.     

SegNet在从低空无人机影像中提取会仙岩溶湿地地物信息中的应用

以广西桂林会仙国家湿地公园核心区为研究区,结合SegNet和低空无人机影像,构建会仙岩溶湿地地物信息提取模型,探讨多分类SegNet模型与融合单分类和双分类SegNet模型分类结果的差别,分析epoch参数设置对模型分类精度的影响。研究结果表明,多分类SegNet模型对会仙岩溶湿地地物的分类结果的Kappa系数和F1分数分别为0.59和0.67,融合单分类和双分类SegNet模型分类结果的Kappa系数和F1分数分别为0.68和0.79;与多分类SegNet模型分类结果精度相比,融合多个单分类和双分类SegNet模型分类结果的F1分数明显增大。因此,融合多个单分类和双分类的SegNet模型更适用于提取会仙岩溶湿地地物信息;构建更优的会仙岩溶湿地地物提取SegNet模型,设置epoch值为10相对更合适。     

指向地理实践力培养的教学评一体化策略研究——以“青草沙水库‘避咸蓄淡’”科学考察为例

地理实践力是高中地理学科核心素养之一。同时,上海版必修《地理1》在附录部分着重撰写了“地理野外实践活动方法指导”。教师如何设计与实施指向地理实践力培养的教学评一体化的教学活动,已成为“双新”背景下的又一个新的教学挑战。本文以“青草沙水库‘避咸蓄淡’”为例,通过前期准备（确定考察主题、制定考察计划）、实践实验（野外考察实施、室内实验过程）、活动总结（撰写方案建议、开展表现性评价）三个阶段,呈现了综合提升学生地理实践力的科学考察活动。     

湖南岩溶水资源特征及其开发利用

本文从含水地层、构造、地貌等方面阐明了湖南省岩溶水的富集特征，对其埋藏条件、时空变化、水化学等进行了较系统的研究，并把岩溶水资源分为湘西北、湘中和湘南三大岩溶水资源区，并对其开发利用进行了探讨。     

基于水库调蓄的黄河干流水体交换时间研究(英文)

This note analyzes the change in water renewal time characteristics based on res-ervoir action and then establishes calculation models for the water renewal time in the Yellow River mainstream. The results indicate that the amount of renewable water with reservoir action can meet the annual water demand and that water flows naturally at the Lijin station near estuary. Initial storage dynamics is an important factor in water resource renewable capacity at a certain time, and rational reservoir action can promote sustainable water re-source utilization. When the initial storages in the Longyang Gorge reservoir are 9.343 and 5.343 billion m3, the water renewal times are 28 and 33.9 d, respectively. Flow stoppage ap-pears in April and May.     

西南岩溶山地乡村景观格局与石漠化调控展望

西南岩溶山地乡村景观格局石漠化过程的生态认识落后于生态治理措施。面对国家需求,优化乡村景观格局对石漠化发生过程的调控,未来优先研究领域：⑴识别岩溶山地乡村景观格局的转换、渐变和基本不变的层次性,测算不同尺度下乡村景观类型及其空间组合的贡献;⑵认识不同类型乡村景观空间分布的生态学意义及其对区域石漠化整体程度的影响,找出不同乡村景观演化格局下的石漠化效应;⑶厘定岩溶山地高强度人类活动及其所诱导的乡村景观格局演化对石漠化的作用效应,构建乡村景观石漠化的成因框架;⑷探讨乡村景观格局制约下有利于石漠化土地恢复的格局优化模拟,丰富人们对岩溶山地乡村石漠化发生过程的理解和认识。