Attenuation of aqueous metal transport at two natural acid rock drainage occurrences in the Yukon Territory, Canada

Naturally acidic drainage associated with pyritic black shale has been observed in many locations in the Yukon Territory. While not necessarily linked to known mineral deposits, most of these natural acid rock drainage occurrences show elevated dissolved concentrations of trace elements, especially zinc, nickel, copper, cadmium and arsenic. Based on field observations, microbial investigation, chemical analyses and geochemical modeling, the fate and transport of potentially deleterious elements at two natural acid drainage occurrences with slightly different settings are examined. The Macintosh Creek is a small, acidic stream （pH 2.98-3.40）, 2 km long, located in the Macmillan Pass area of east-central Yukon amidst known sedimentary exhalative massive sulfide mineralization but remains undisturbed by exploration activities. Its trace metal content is apparently derived from groundwater discharges, which gave as much as 5.0, 2.5, 0.7, 0.13 and 0.03 mg/L ofZn, Ni, Cu and As, respectively. Interaction and sorption reactions with algal mats, biofilms and iron oxyhydroxides appear to be the dominant mechanisms attenuating aqueous contaminant transport along the stream. Cryogenic precipitation further consolidates the ferricrete formation and reduces the mobility of the sorbed metals. The tributaries of the Engineering Creek along the Dempster Highway in northern Yukon drain through a series of dolomite, phyllite, argillite, limestone, black shale, sandstone and conglomerate with no known concentration of mineralization. In this area, the water chemistry fully reflects the local geology with acidic streams invariably associated with black shale occurrences. Groundwater seeps in the headwaters area of the km-180 Creek completely enclosed in black shale gave pH 3.0 and as much as 148, 39, 2.9 and 9.1 mg/L of Zn, Ni, Cu and As, respectively. Sorption with iron oxyhydroxide and organic matter appear to dominate the attenuation of contaminant transport along the stream. However, once entered into carbonate-dominated terrains, secondary carbonate minerals exercise additional geochemical control on the local water chemistry as a result of neutralization.     

Naturally acidic and metalliferous waters at unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Bonnifield mining district, Alaska Range, east-central Alaska

The Bonnifield district hosts 26 tmmined volcanogenic massive sulfide （VMS） occurrences. Environmental geochemical samples of water and stream sediment were collected at several occurrences, concentrating on the two best-exposed and largest deposits, Red Mountain （RM） and Sheep Creek （SC）. Limited samples were also collected at the poorly exposed WTF deposit. The deposits are Late Devonian to Early Mississippian, and are hosted by felsic metavolcanic and carbonaceous schist members of the Totatlanika Schist or Keevy Peak Fm. Spring and stream waters at RM and SC have pH values commonly 〈3.5 （as low as 2.4 at RM and 2.5 at SC）, high conductivity （up to 11000 μS/cm）, and very high （Is to 100s mg/L） dissolved contents of Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Pb. Waters at RM are characterized by extremely high REE contents （summed REE median 3200 μg/L, n=33）. At both RM and SC, pyrite oxidation and dissolution produce low pH waters that interact with and dissolve bedrock minerals, resulting in acidic, metal-laden, naturally degraded streams that are mostly devoid of aquatic life. Ferricrete is common. In contrast, WTF barely produces a surficial environmental footprint, mostly due to topography and relief. RM and SC are well exposed in the areas of relatively high relief, and both exhibit extensive areas of quartz-sericite-pyrite-alteration. While WTF shares many of the same deposit-and alteration characteristics, it is concealed by tundra in a large, nearly flat area. Surface water at WTF is absent and outcrops are sparse. Even though WTF is roughly the same size as Red Mountain （both around 3 million tonnes） and has similar base- and precious-metal grades, the surficial geochemical manifestation of WTF is minimal. However, exposure through mining of the altered, mineralized rock at WTF potentially could initiate the same processes of pyrite oxidation, acid generation, and mineral dissolution that are observed naturally at RM and SC.     

金、银等成矿元素的构造地球化学行为

扬子与华夏地块间发育一条近东西向展布的巨型板块缝合带—华南中部复合混杂岩带,由北东向、近东西向、北北东向三组方位的次级韧性剪切带分支、复合成“网格状”构造阵列。对其次级北东向剪切带(进贤—婺源韧性剪切带)进行的构造地球化学剖面研究发现从剪切带边部至中心,随着剪切程度的逐渐增强,金、铜元素含量逐渐增高,锌元素含量逐渐降低,铅、银元素含量变化不明显、略有降低的趋势;金元素有两个峰值点,一个出现在韧性剪切最强的糜棱岩中,另一个出现在叠加于早期韧性剪切糜棱岩化岩石之上的晚期脆性破裂张性构造角砾岩中,说明韧性剪切及叠加在韧性剪切之上的脆性破裂均有利于金的富集成矿,从而为赣东北地区寻找金矿指明了方向,并为金的成矿构造地球化学理论研究积累了新的素材。     

民营经济跨入发展新时期

根据国家统计局陆续发布的《第一次全国经济普查主要数据公报》结果显示，中国私营企业呈旺盛增长态势。在按登记注册类型分组的企业法人单位525万户中，私营企业总量为198万余户，占全部企业法人单位的61％。与2001年第二次全国基本单位普查的同口径数据比较，2004年末私营企业增加65．8万个，增长49．7％。日前，记者就此采访了全国政协副主席、全国工商联主席黄孟复。     

黔西南高砷煤的元素地球化学特征

通过分析黔西南高砷煤的元素地球化学特征,探索高砷煤中微量元素、稀土元素的地球化学行为,从而揭示了高砷煤的形成机理。分析表明,高砷煤与非高砷煤在微量元素含量方面存在较大差异,金、汞、铊矿石与龙潭煤系中的砷具有同源性,龙潭煤系页岩与峨眉山玄武岩在稀土元素组成上具有继承性。     

Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age, Ce^4＋/Ce^3＋ ratios and the geochemical features of the Machangqing complex associated with copper deposit

1IntroductionQuite a number of porphyry copper deposits havebeen found in the Cenozoic alkali-intrusions along theJinshajiang-Ailaoshan-Red River fault zone,whichconstitute the Cenozoic ore belt in China.The Cenozo-ic alkali-intrusive rocks are similar in…     

Detrital Zircon of 4100 Ma in Quartzite in Burang, Tibet

A detrital zircon aged 4.1 Ga is discovered by the SHRIMP U-Pb method in a quartzite in Burang County, western Tibet. This is presently the oldest single-grain detrital zircon in China. The Th-U ratios of the two testing points of the 〉4.0 Ga zircon are between 0.76 and 0.86, indicating their magmatic origin. This discovery has offered an important age for investigating the geological evolution of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.     

基于MAPGIS建立地球化学图形-数据库

将建立地球化学图形-数据库过程分为已建立常规地球化学数据库和未建立常规地球化学数据库,其主要区别是采样点位是否具有地理位置坐标。以未建立常规地球化学数据库的情况为例,介绍了利用MAPGIS软件建立和管理地球化学图形-数据库的思路、过程和方法,并简单介绍了利用建立的图形数据库进行检索和地球化学专题图件制作的方法。     

化探找金几个阶段中的方法探讨

目前，化探找金逐步被人们重视，在地质找矿中的效果也逐渐明显，成为寻找各种类型金矿床比较快速、经济、有效的重要手段．在区域普查中，通过查明区域地球化学异常，可迅速指出找矿远景区；在详查及勘探阶段，通过岩石地球化学异常的研究，可直接发现金矿床或矿体，更好地发挥化探在地质找矿工作中的作用。