Temperature and light tolerance of representative brown, green and red algae in tumble culture revealed by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements

Laminaria japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, Ulva lactuca, Grateloupia turuturu and Palmaria palmata are suitable species that fit the requirements of a seaweed-animal integrated aquaculture system in terms of their viable biomass, rapid growth and promising nutrient uptake rates. In this investigation, the responses of the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield of the five algal species in tumble culture were assessed at a temperature range of 10 - 30℃. The results revealed that Ulva lactuca was the most resistant species to high temperature, withstanding 30℃ for 4 h without apparent decline in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield . While the arctic alga Palmaria palmata was the most vulnerable one, showing significant decline in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield at 25℃ for 2 h. The cold-water species Laminaria japonica, however, demonstrated strong ability to cope with higher temperature （24 -26℃ ） for shorter time （within 24 h） without significant decline in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield . Grateloupia turuturu showed a general decrease in the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield with the rising temperature from 23 to 30℃ , similar to the temperate kelp Undaria pinnatifida. Changes of chlorophyll fluorescence yields of these algae were characterized differently indicating the existence of species-unique strategy to cope with high light. Measurements of the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence yield after short exposure to direct solar irradiance revealed how long these exposures could be without significant photoinhibition or with promising recovery in photosynthetic activities. Seasonal pattern of alternation of algal species in tank culture in the Northern Hemisphere at the latitude of 36°N was proposed according to these basic measurements.     

基于三角网格模型剖分的高斯束正演数值模拟

高斯束射线追踪方法克服了渐近射线法在复杂焦散区等非正则区域无法传播的困难,无需考虑两点射线追踪,使得适用于更加复杂的地质模型．本文将三角网格模型剖分方法与高斯束方法相结合,推导了射线方程的解析解,实现了三角网格剖分的复杂构造高斯束正演数值模拟．模型试算表明,该方法具有波动方程法正演模拟的计算精度以及射线类正演模拟的计算效率,同时可将复杂构造波场传播问题转化成三角网格内部常慢度梯度模型射线追踪,为复杂构造波场正演模拟提供新思路．     

不同温度和N,Fe3+质量浓度对微拟球藻脂肪酸组成及SCD基因表达的影响

为了研究不同温度和N、Fe3+质量浓度对微拟球藻脂肪酸组成的影响,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪,测定了不同处理条件下微拟球藻脂肪酸的组成。并利用荧光定量PCR技术,监测了在不同处理条件下微拟球藻硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶(SCD)基因的表达差异。结果表明:在缺N的条件下,微拟球藻中的不饱和脂肪酸的比例如C18∶2、C18∶1和C20∶4明显降低;在富N条件下C18∶2、C20∶4和C20∶5等不饱和脂肪酸的比例明显提高;在高温处理下,微拟球藻中C16∶1和C18∶1等单不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的比例有显著提高,而C20∶4和C20∶5等多不饱和脂肪酸则有明显的降低趋势;在低温处理组中,多不饱和脂肪酸如C18∶2和C20∶4在微拟球藻总脂中的比例明显提高;在富Fe条件下,多不饱和脂肪酸尤其是C20∶4和C20∶5发生积累;在缺Fe条件下,不饱和脂肪酸如C18∶1、C20∶5等占总脂肪酸的比例明显下降。与此同时,在富N、低温、高温和富Fe的条件下,SCD基因的表达量有显著的提高;在缺N和缺Fe的条件下,SCD基因的表达量下降。这揭示了SCD基因在不饱和脂肪酸形成途径中所起的重要作用,同时也证明了基因的表达与产物的合成有着密切的联系。     

60Co-γ射线诱变条斑紫菜丝状体的研究

利用＾６０Ｃｏ－γ射线对条斑紫菜Ｐｏｒｐｈｙｒａ ｙｅｚｏｅｎｓｉｓ自由丝状体进行诱变。经照射后,丝状体受到严重损伤,但部分仍具钻入贝壳的能力。部分丝状体发生颜色变异,而且后代叶状体也表现为相同的颜色。部分未变异的丝状体在放散出壳孢子,并萌发幼苗后也表达了颜色变异。低剂量的照射可以促进藻体的生长,并产生形态上的变异。对照射藻体的海上栽培实验也进行了观察和测量。     

海水黄色物质荧光特性的初步研究

用荧光测量方法,对被认为可作本底水样的几种水体进行了荧光特性的测量研究。确认了即时处理的Ｍｉｌｌｉ－Ｑ我荧光效应的高纯度水,可作为本研究的本底水样。同时,对海水黄色ｉｌｌｉ－Ｑ水溶液,市售草炭腐殖质Ｍｉｌｌｉ－Ｑ水溶液,青岛近岸海水和褐藻培养液样品进行了光谱特性测量研究。结果表明,海水黄色物质和培养液的黄色物质的激发光谱峰值波长在３４０ｎｍ附近,荧光光谱峰值波长在４３５ｎｍ附近,而草炭腐殖质的激发     

关于赤潮水色研究的探讨

赤潮是一种经常爆发的海洋现象，现已成为一种世界性的公害。本文利用地物光谱仪和水面之上测量方法测量所得到赤潮海域水色光谱数据，对赤潮的水色特性进行了有益的研究和探讨。通过研究能够得到赤潮对水色影响的一些显著的特征。     

胶州湾沉积物中有机碳、三氧化硫和矿物学的初步研究

The present paper deals with the mineralogy and some chemical composition such as Organic Carbon、Carbonate and Sulphate of surficial sediments in Jiaozhou Bay using the data obtained from X-Ray diffraction,chemical analysis and microscopic observation. Quartz、plagioclase、patassium feldspars and clay minerals are the main terrigenous minerals, and calcite is the predominant authigenic mineral in the sediments. Relatively high content of organic carbon and So3 are drainged from industrial waste water from some river running into the Bay. Some X-Ray diffraction data and ratio of integrated intensity of mineral special peaks indicate the distribution tendency of these minerals.     

变化磁场中相对论电子系集体的共振逆康普顿散射谱

强磁场中的共振逆康普顿散射(RICS)是产生伽玛射线的有效机制．在前文工作的基础上，导出强磁场中子星中具有幂律能谱的大量相对论电子沿中子星磁轴向外运动时在变化磁场中产生的集体RICS辐射谱(RICS谱光度)的基本公式．由此得到在中子星周边几种典型的低频辐射场中集体RICS辐射谱形的简单解析表示(如热轫致辐射场、黑体辐射场，以及非热低频幂律谱辐射场)，以便与实际观测谱形比较．计算表明：在满足匹配条件(即近似共振条件)下，RICS辐射效率很高，其谱形都是两段式(折断的)的幂律谱形式，与周边低频场性质无关．通过计算，再一次论证RICS机制是伽玛射线脉冲星和伽玛暴(GRBs)在高能射线段(硬X-射线和伽玛射线)辐射的一个理想的高效辐射机制。     

SMM观测到的白光耀斑

本文收集了ＳＭＭ运行期间（１９８０．２－１９８９．１１）与地面观测相对应的太阳白光耀斑ＨＸＲＢＳ和ＧＲＳ观测资料，就白光耀斑与硬Ｘ－射线发射及伽玛射线发射之产的关系进行了初步的统计研究，结果表明：白光耀斑与伽玛射线发射之间不存在对应关系；白光耀斑也并非全具有强硬Ｘ－射线发射，对那些只具有对较弱的硬Ｘ－射线发射的白光耀斑，我们发现低能粒子具有足够的能量驱动连续发射，因而它们可能起源于色球，而对那些具