海洋蓝藻基因组学研究

1994年,日本Kazusa实验室首先启动了淡水蓝藻Synechocystissp.PCC6803的基因组计划,并于1996年完成基因组测序的工作。Synechocystissp.PCC6803基因组大小为3.57 Mb,共有3 168个基因,是目前研究最多也最为透彻的蓝藻基因组。除此之外,美国能源部下属的联合基因组研究所(JointGe     

直驱式波浪能转换系统的研究和性能优化

A direct-drive wave energy conversion system based on a three-phase permanent magnet tubular linear generator （PMTLG） and a heaving buoy is proposed to convert wave energy into electrical energy. Sufficient experimental methods are adopted to compare the computer simulations, the validity of which is verified by the experiment results from a wave tank laboratory. In the experiment, the motion curves of heaving buoy are with small fluctuations, mainly caused by the PMTLG＇s detent force. For the reduction of these small fluctuations and a maximum operational efficiency of the direct-drive wave energy conversion system, the PMTLG＇s detent force minimization technique and the heaving buoy optimization will be discussed. It is discovered that the operational efficiency of the direct-drive wave energy conversion system increases dramatically after optimization. The experiment and optimization results will provide useful reference for the future research on ocean wave energy conversion system.     

海洋能发电装备现场检测技术研究

近年来,随着海洋能发电装备研发工作的不断深入,其性能测试工作越来越受到人们的重视。因此,在综合分析目前我国海洋能发电装备研发现状以及海洋能发电装备测试需求的基础上,提出了海洋能发电装备现场检测平台设计方案。主要介绍了现场检测平台的基本功能和系统构成。该方案使得设计出的现场检测平台能够满足波浪能、潮流能等海洋能发电装备功率特性和电能质量特性的测试需求。被测海洋能发电装备可以是已进入实海况示范试验阶段的全比例尺或小比例尺工程样机。     

Rainfall effect on wind waves and the turbulence beneath air-sea interface

Rainfall effects on wind waves and turbulence are investigated through the laboratory experiments in a large wind-wave tank. It is found that the wind waves are damped as a whole at low wind speeds, but are enhanced at high wind speeds. This dual effect of rain on the wind waves increases with the increase of rain rate, while the influence of rainfall-area length is not observable. At the low wind speed, the corresponding turbulence in terms of the turbulent kinetic energy （TKE） dissipation rate is significantly enhanced by rain- fall as the waves are damped severely. At the high wind speed, the augment of the TKE dissipation rate is suppressed while the wind waves are enhanced simultaneously. In the field, however, rainfall usually hin- ders the development of waves. In order to explain this contradiction of rainfall effect on waves, a possibility about energy transfer from turbulence to waves in case of the spectral peak of waves overlapping the inertial subrange of turbulence is assumed. It can be applied to interpret the damping phenomenon of gas trans- fer velocity in the laboratory experiments, and the variation of the TKE dissipation rates near sea surface compared with the law of wall.     

《海洋科学进展》征稿简则

正《海洋科学进展》是由中国海洋学会和国家海洋局第一海洋研究所共同主办,国内外公开发行的全国性海洋科学学术期刊。主要刊登国内、外在海洋科学基础、应用基础和应用研究以及与海洋有关的交叉学科领域最新的学术成果。主要栏目:院士论坛、学术论文、研究报道、学术讨论、专题评述与综述、实验室介绍、海     

向本期载文的审稿专家致谢

<正>本期《海洋通报》共发表论文16篇。这些论文的发表是与39位专家的认真审读、详查核实、推敲分析、中肯评价分不开的。特向诸位专家表示诚挚的敬意和衷心的感谢!本期载文的审稿专家名单如下(以姓氏笔画为序):丁平兴华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室万世明中国科学院海洋研究所万剑华中国石油大学地球科学与技术学院于君宝中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所尹宝树中国科学院海洋研究所王江涛中国海洋大学化学化工学院王春生国家海洋局第二海洋研究所王喜年国家海洋环境预报中心丛丕福国家海洋环境监测中心冯慕华中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所     

面向2024年后的中国引领的国际大洋钻探计划管理与运行机制思考

历经53年的发展,国际大洋钻探计划从DSDP(Deep-sea Drilling Program)到IODP(International Ocean Discovery Program),在机构设置、运行机制、管理模式等方面积累了丰富的经验,并得到世界各国的认可.长期以来,通过参与并成为该计划的正式成员国,我国在科学研...     

海洋无人观测装备发展与应用思考

海洋无人自主观测装备作为海洋观探测的一种不可替代的高科技先进装备和新兴装备,是海洋观探测装备摇篮中的新生命、新领域的开拓者。基于海洋无人观测装备提高海洋移动观测能力是未来构建立体、连续、实时水下观测网络的重要技术手段,将会对未来海洋观探测的方式产生深远影响。基于国内外海洋无人观测装备发展与应用现状分析,对我国海洋无人观测装备发展的主要问题和差距进行了思考,并对海洋无人观测装备未来的发展应用进行了展望。     

Experimental Investigation of Irregular Wave Uplift Force on Deck of Exposed High-Pile Jetties

A laboratory setup was developed to investigate irregular wave uplift loads on exposed high-pile jetties.It is shown that the dimensionless uplift load increases to the maximum with an increasing relative clearance and then decreases.The relative clearance corresponding to the peak force is linked to a range from 0.4 to 0.8.When the relative clearance exceeds a certain value,the wave can not reach the underside of the deck and the force becomes zero.Distinct trends of dimensionless force with a relative width of deck show that the force tends to decrease as the relative deck width increases,and then the decrease slows down after the relative deck width increases or decreases to a certain value.The pressure distribution length associated with the maximum uplift force is equivalent to the wave contact width x.When x is larger than the width of deck B,it is taken as B.The statistical distribution of loads obeys the Weibull distribution.The results from the analyses of the real data suggest a new dimensionless prediction model on wave-in-deck uplift loads and the conversion ratio between wave loads at different exceedance probabilities.A comparison is made between the new prediction model and the existing widely used three prediction models.These results are used as useful references for structural design of the jetty.     

现代水下技术在我国水运工程建设中的应用与前景

自本世纪８０年代中期以来，世界水下工程技术随着各国科学水平的提高而得以迅速发展。本文从水下工程技术的专业范畴及特征着手，分析了现代水下技术在水运工程建设中的应用；介绍了国外现代水下技术的基本进展及趋势；评价了国内水下工程技术及装备水平，同时展示了我院近十年来在现代水下技术与装备和开发、应用方面所做的工作与实力；最后分析了国内水运工程建设发展对水下技术的挑战，以及发展我国现代水下技术装备开发研究所面