中国沙尘事件的区域特征

AsevereduststormoccurredoverEastAsiainthemiddletendaysofApril1998.Afteroneweek,itsdustplumeaffectedthecontinentofNorthAmerica.Thisattractedtheattentionofmanyscientistsintherelatedcountriestoduststorms.InrecentyearsthenumberofduststormshasbeenincreasinginChina.Itisnotonlyanimportantsymptomofdesertificationfromslowerchangetofasterchange,butalsoareflectionofthesynthesisofenvironmentalstates,includingclimate,ecosystemandsoil,whicharealldeterioratingtosomedegrees.AccordingtothedefinitionofMeteo…     

难忘的大槽湾

距我的老家村庄北面约3公里的地方,有两座对立的山峰,两山之间是一条缓平、宽阔的大槽,由于湾度相当大,状似农家砍猪菜的砍槽,自古以来人们都称这里为大槽湾。大槽湾地处亚热带季风气候,因日照时间长,气候温和,所以无论种什么庄稼都长势良好,早熟早收。     

Monsoon-ocean coupled modes in the South China Sea and their linkage with the eastern Indian Ocean-western Pacific warm pool

Monsoon-ocean coupled modes in the South China Sea （SCS） were investigated by a combined singular value decomposition （CSVD） analysis based on sea surface temperature （SST） and sea surface wind stress （SWS） fields from SODA （Simple Ocean Data Assimilation） data spanning the period of 1950-1999. The coupled fields achieved the maximum correlation when the SST lagged SWS by one month, indicating that the SCS coupled system mainly reflected the response of the SST to monsoon forcing. Three significant coupled modes were found in the SCS, accounting for more than 80% of the cumulative squared covariance fraction. The first three SST spatial patterns from CSVD were： （Ⅰ） the monopole pattern along the isobaths in the SCS central basin; （Ⅱ） the north-south dipole pattern; and （Ⅲ） the west-east seesaw pattern. The expansion coefficient of the SST leading mode showed interdecadal and interannual variability and correlation with the Indo-Pacific warm pool （IPWP）, suggesting that the SCS belongs to part of the IPWP at interannual and interdecadal time scales. The second mode had a lower correlation coefficient with the warm pool index because its main period was at intra-annual time scales instead of the interannual and interdecadal scales with the warm pools. The third mode had similar periods to those of the leading mode, but lagged the eastern Indian Ocean warm pool （EIWP） and western Pacific warm pool （WPWP） by five months and one year respectively, implying that the SCS response to the warm pool variation occurred from the western Pacific to the eastern Indian Ocean, which might have been related to the variation of Indonesian throughflow. All three modes in the SCS had more significant correlations with the EIWP, which means the SCS SST varied much more coherently with the EIWP than the WPWP, suggesting that the SCS belongs mostly to part of the EIWP. The expansion coefficients of the SCS SST modes all had negative correlations with the Nino3 index, which they lag by several months, indicating a remote response of SCS SST variability to the El Nifio events.     

太白山最近1000年的孢粉记录与古气候重建尝试

秦岭太白山佛爷池最近1000年的孢粉记录及据此所重建古气候参数的时间序列,揭示了历史时期小冰期和中世纪温暖期的气候特征。小冰期的起止时间为1420-1920aAD。其1月与7月平均温度反映本区夏季风与冬季风的变化有很大的不一致性。小冰期开始时,冬季风突然增强,夏季风显示不稳定波动,并相对变弱,而降水一度增多。小冰期的结束是以冬季风逐渐减弱为先导,而夏季风呈突然增强势态,降水偏少。在中世纪温暖期中,1200-1340aAD发生快速气候波动,出现暖夏、冷冬等特征气候,成为历史上少见的灾害性气候时段。      

虎之巨——大虎山

辽宁省黑山县有一大虎山。大虎山镇地处辽西走廊,隶属锦州市黑山县,东距省会沈阳市120千米,南距鞍山市124千米,北距阜新市90千米。西距锦州110千米。区域面积104平方千米。耕地面积1075亩,均为平原,土壤肥沃,自然条件优越。属中温带大陆性季风气候,一年四季分明,光照充足,年平均气温7.9℃,无霜期171天,年平均降水量570毫米,     

Numerical study on the summer circulation of the upper South China Sea and its establishment

A coupled single-layer/two-layer model is employed to study the South China Sea (SCS) upper circulation and its response before and after the onset of summer monsoon. It is found that, in summer, due to the β effect and the first baroclinic mode of the wind-driven current, a northward western boundary jet current is formed along the Indo-China Peninsula coast, and it leaves the coast at about 13° N and diffuses towards northeast; next to the Indo-China Peninsula, a large anticyclonic     

从晚古生代冰室到早中生代温室的气候转变:兼论东特提斯低纬区的沉积记录与响应

地球在晚古生代晚期—中生代早期经历最近一次从冰室到温室的气候转变,是理解未来地球冰川消融、全球变暖等气候转变的重要窗口。这一时期的沉积记录和气候模型研究揭示,冰川活动、大气pCO₂和气候状态间存在复杂的耦合和反馈机制,同时伴随发生陆表植被更替和生物迁移。随冰川消融、大气pCO₂升高和全球变暖,低纬大陆区干旱化趋势和季节性降雨增强,出现季风气候并在冰室之后的三叠纪温室盛行。华南和华北是位于东特提斯低纬区的主要大陆,其石炭—二叠系在沉积和生物特征上与Pangea超大陆西侧热带区差异显著,蕴含有丰富的深时气候变化信息。基于前人成果,在简述石炭—三叠纪全球气候变化的基础上,对东特提斯低纬区石炭—三叠纪沉积记录进行总结,阐明其深时古气候研究意义和研究前景。     

气候突变现象的研究

本文分析了各种时间尺度的气候突变现象，特别是本世纪以来的三次主要气候突变（1900、1920和1960），讨论了十年尺度气候突变现象的几个主要特点:气候突变与全球温度变化的关系、突变的空间尺度以及季风系统 在气候突变中的敏感性等。     

东亚土地覆盖动态与季风气候年际变化的关系

以东亚地区1982－1989年时间序列降水资料及AVHRR 8km NDVI数据为基本数据源，应用地理信息系统技术，分别研究了东亚地区夏季（5－9月）降水及土地覆盖的年际变化，并揭示了研究时间段内各自的变化规律。进一步用奇异值分解（SVD）模型方法分析了以降水变化为表征的东亚地区气候年际变化与土地覆盖年际变化之间的关系。     

绥化市雾霾天气气候特征分析

1引言 绥化市地处黑龙江省中南部。属寒温带大陆性季风气候,季节变化十分明显,气候要素四季变化突出。黑龙江是全国第一粮食大省,而绥化市是黑龙江省产粮大市,是松嫩平原的产粮大市。近年来随着集中供热取代了小型锅炉取暖,大雾天气明显减少。但燃煤取暖、汽车尾汽及作物秸杆焚烧等原因使绥化市的霾天气增多．对人民的生产生活的影响日益严重。