沈阳主要大气污染物浓度预报的方法与业务化

阐述应用城市污染指数预报系统，结合统计预报、污染潜势分析、天气形势经验分型等综合业务。使用VB和VFP语言，实现沈阳大气主要污染物浓度预报在Windows环境下的自动运行。     

Impact of Aircraft NOx Emission on NOx and Ozone over China

A three-dimensional global chemistry transport model (OSLO CTM2) is used to investigate the impact of subsonic aircraft NOx emission on NOz and ozone over China in terms of a year 2000 scenario of subsonic aircraft NOx emission. The results show that subsonic aircraft NOx emission significantly affects northern China, which makes NOx at 250 hPa increase by about 50 pptv with the highest percentage of 60% in January, and leading to an ozone increase of 8 ppbv with 5% relative change in April. The NOx increase is mainly attributed to the transport process, but ozone increase is produced by the chemical process. The NOx increases by less than 10 pptv by virtue of subsonic aircraft NOx emission over China,and ozone changes less than 0.4 ppbv. When subsonic aircraft NOx emission over China is doubled, its influence is still relatively small.     

沈阳主要大气污染物浓度预报方法与业务化

阐述应用城市污染指数预报系统 ,结合统计预报、污染潜势分析、天气形势经验分型等综合业务 ,使用VB和VFP语言 ,实现沈阳大气主要污染物浓度预报在Windows环境下的自动运行。     

成都市大气污染及气象条件影响分析

本文分析了成都市大气污染现状及其趋势,比较在不同气象条件下,大气污染物对城市大气环境的污染影响.利用污染气象参数,提供城市大气污染的预测预警服务,为优化城市局部和整体规划提供科学决策,实现生态环境和社会经济的协调发展.     

乌鲁木齐市环境污染现状分析及防御对策

对乌鲁木齐市环境污染现状作了分析，重点分析大气污染、水环境质量、污染物排放、噪声环境以及其它环境问题，较为综合地反应了乌鲁木齐市环境总体状况，并就污染问题提出防御对策。     

从埃及之行谈环境物探工作

文章简要介绍作者在埃及之行中所接触到的生态环境问题,主要是:1.沙漠广布;2.阿斯旺水坝引起的生态环境变化;3.大气污染.进而从我国环境地质工作的战略地位出发提出应积极开拓环境物探工作的新领域,并简述已有成效的环境物探工作.     

侯马市酸雨概况及其气象条件分析

通过对侯马近14a酸雨观测资料分析,发现侯马出现酸雨的概率较大,强度较强,时间变化特征明显,与气象条件关系密切。     

Water soluble components of PM10 Chongqing, China

The concentrations of water soluble ions (Na⁺, NH₄ ⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, NO₃ ^-, Cl^-, and SO ₄ ^2- ) in PM₁₀ samples collected on cellulose filters by a medium-volume cascade impactor were determined, which were obtained from three kinds of areas in Chongqing: industrial area (Jiulongpo district), commercial and residential area (Jiangbei district) and background area (Jinyun Mountain in the Beibei district). The results showed that except for the background site, the annual average values of PM₁₀ are 23% – 61% higher than the national air quality standard (GradeII) (0.1 mg/m³), even that the value of the control site is still 20% higher than American standard (0.05 mg/m³). This implied that serious pollution of fine particles occurred in Chongqing. Nine kinds of soluble ions in water of PM₁₀ were analyzed by ion chromatography (IC) and the annual average concentrations follow the order of [SO ₄ ^2- ] > [NO³ _-] > [Cl^-] > [F^-], and [Ca²⁺] > [NH₄ ⁺] > [K⁺] > [Na⁺] > [Mg²⁺]. Their values were different in these areas: the industrial area > the commercial and living area > the control area. As for NH_{4 +}, K⁺, Ca²⁺, NO₃ ^- and SO ₄ ^2- , their seasonal average concentrations show a similar variation trend: the values in spring and fall were higher than those in summer and winter. The seasonal average concentrations of [Cl^-], [F^-], [Na⁺] and [Mg²⁺] are much lower than those of other ions. However, the concentrations of [Na⁺] changed more greatly in different seasons than those of the other three ions. Correlation coefficients showed that the three areas have been polluted by coal smoke and dust to different extents, while some local resources of pollution should be taken into consideration as well.     

城市发展和气象条件对大气污染的贡献率

文章运用2000—2014年反映呼和浩特市城市发展指标的人均GDP、人口密度、第二产业结构、建成区面积及代表气象条件的平均气温、年平均气压、年总降水量、年平均风速、年平均相对湿度和机动车保有量数据,利用对数线性模型将城市空气主要污染物SO_2、NO_2、PM10年平均浓度与城市发展指标数据、气象条件和机动车保有量进行拟合,得出显著性因子和贡献率。结果表明:第二产业结构、机动车保有辆、平均气温、相对湿度、平均风速和平均气压均通过了显著性检验,第二产业结构与SO_2和PM10浓度呈显著正相关,对SO_2和PM10污染贡献率分别为0.961%和0.738%,大于气象条件贡献率;机动车保有量和年平均气温、年平均相对湿度与NO_2浓度具有显著的正相关,机动车保有量贡献率为0.83%,大于年平均气温、年平均相对湿度的贡献率;年平均气压与SO_2浓度呈负相关,贡献率仅为0.21%。     

京津冀地区低层局地大气环流的气候特征研究

本文采用2007-2016年的中尺度数值模拟结果和15个地面气象站观测资料,定义了局地风场表征风速,研究京津冀平原地区局地大气环流日变化的气候特征,并对区域大气污染及其输送的影响进行分析。此外,对2016年12月30日至2017年1月7日北京地区跨年大气重污染过程进行了个例分析。得到结论:京津冀平原地区低空风场变化是天气系统与局地大气环流共同作用的结果,山谷风环流致使太行山和燕山沿线平原地区大气边界层内的长年主导风向为偏北和偏南;太行山和燕山沿线地区山谷风环流本身呈顺时针旋转的日变化特征,夜间至早晨谷风转向山风,午后至夜间山风转向谷风;在午后谷风向山风转向期间,容易形成沿太行山东麓和燕山南麓、自南向东北的"弓形"气流输送通道,此气流输送通道在1月于21时左右形成,持续时间大约3 h,在7月于18时左右形成,持续时间可达9 h;冬季午后至晚间盛行谷风时,受山体的阻挡,污染物容易在山前累积,导致污染浓度增高;夏季同样的情况会发生在后半夜。