岩石标本压力实验中自然电位变化的研究

将4×4×8厘米的岩石标本抽真空浸水,使之水饱和,沿长轴方向加压,用JC-A型电子自动补偿电测仪测电位（平行电位V_a,横向电位V_b,对穿电位V_c）,用Y5D-2型动态应变仪测标本的纵横向应变ε₁和ε₂以及压力F,用压电晶体测标本的微破裂,全部七个量由SC-16型光线示波记录仪自动记录,详见文献[1]、[2]。 文献[1]曾指出:（1）凡有引起压力降的破裂发生,同时就有电极间电位差（以下简称电位）的突变;在这样的破裂发生之前,几乎所有标本至少在一个方向上出现电位变化     

利用不完全Cholesky共轭梯度法求解点源三维地电场

点源三维地电场的求解是一大型数值计算问题．本文用有限差分方法求解,最后形成一个线性方程组Ax＝b,这里A是大型稀疏的带状对称矩阵．解大型稀疏方程组的完全Cholesky分解直接算法,一般要求巨大的机器内存来存储系数矩阵A,而且计算速度极慢．因此引入不完全Cholesky共轭梯度（ICCG）算法及按行索引的稀疏存储模式,充分利用A的稀疏性,使得计算速度大大提高,而内存要求则大大减少,因此ICCG算法是地电三维正演的强有力工具．     

多域地电断面均匀电场边界元法正演

中间梯度法是野外常用的一种电阻率勘探方法,当其测量范围在供电电极的中间地段(即长度为AB/3)时,电场即可近似地看成是均匀的。如果地质断面是二维的,则可采用本文的方法做视电阻率异常的正演计算。本方法与国外已有的方法相比,具有模拟功能强和计算量小等优点,可以对二维复杂地形条件下存在多个地质体的情况进行模拟,特别是略去了对偏导数项((?)u/(?)n)的计算,从而大幅度节省了计算量。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000058

<正>The thermo-electric coefficients of twenty-six magnetite samples,formed either by magmatism or metamorphism,were tested by the thermo-electric instrument BHET—06.Results showed that the coefficient is of a constant value of about -0.05 mV/℃.It is emphasized that because every magnetite grain was tested randomly,the coefficient is independent of the crystallographic direction.This fact means the thermal voltage generated from a single magnetite crystal can be accumulated,and as a result a new thermo-electric field can arise when a gradient thermal field exists and is active within the earth's crust.Because magnetite is widespread in the earth's crust(generally appearing more in the middle-lower crust),there is more-than-random probability that the additional thermo-electric field can be generated when certain thermal conditions are fulfilled.We,therefore,used the thermo-electric effect of magnetite to study the mechanism responsible for the presence of abnormal geo-electric fields during earthquake formation and occurrence, because gradient thermal fields always exist before earthquakes.The possible presence of additional thermo-electric fields was calculated under theoretical seismological conditions,using the following calcu-lation formula:E= - 0.159(σ×△T×φ×ρ_2×[(h~2-2x~2)cosα+ 3hxsinα]/ρ_1(h~2 +x~2)~(5/2)).In the above formula,σis thermo-electric coefficient of magnetite,△T is the temperature difference acting on it,φis a sectional area on a block of magnetite vertically perpendicular to the direction of the thermal current.ρ_1 andρ_2 are the respective resistivities of magnetite and the crust,and h,α,and x,respectively,h is the depth of embedded magnetite block,αmeans the angle created by the horizontal line and ligature of the two poles of magnetite block,and x is the distance from observation point to projective center point of the magnetite block on earth surface.According to simulations calculated with this formula,additional thermo-electric field intensity may reach as high as n to n×10~2 mV/km.This field is strong enough to cause obvious anomalies in the background geo-electric field,and can be easy probed by earthquake monitoring equipment. Therefore,we hypothesize that geo-electric abnormalities which occur during earthquakes may be caused by the thermo-electric effect of magnetite.     

利用小波变换压制静态效应的方法

利用有限元大地电磁二维正演程序模拟了二层大地低阻静态效应的地电模型,研究了静态效应产生的原理及其影响,并利用小波变换方法对静态效应进行压制,相对于其他常规空间滤波法来说,取得了较好的压制效果,证实了小波变换方法在压制静态效应当中的可行性和有效性。用小波变换方法对某工区实测EH-4音频大地电磁资料数据进行分析、处理,从数学上识别和判断了静态效应,在较好地压制静态效应的同时又能较好地突出地层原本的地质异常。     

等值反磁通瞬变电磁法探测滑坡堆积体的应用

西部大开发工程基建中经常遇到滑坡体探测问题,由于滑坡体滑床滑动面与第四系覆盖的电性差异小,常规电磁法分辨困难。为此,提出利用等值反磁通瞬变电磁法(OCTEM)探测滑坡堆积体、反向追踪山体错动面的方案,构建滑坡堆积体地电结构模型,通过正演计算研究滑坡堆积体的瞬变电磁响应规律,从理论上分析了不同厚度的滑坡堆积体瞬变电磁响应规律以及在不同覆盖厚度下的瞬变电磁响应规律;对已知滑坡体的探测试验表明滑坡问题上首先分析堆积体观点的正确性,同时表明OCTEM用于山区滑坡堆积体的探测有效性。     

城市地下管网普查物探方法分析与验证

地下管网是城市正常运转的基础设施,承载着城市各种物质流、能源流和信息流,保证了城市的有序运转和居民的正常生活。探测地下管线的主要设备是英国雷迪RD8000,但这种设备恰巧是测绘仪器检定的盲区。为保证探测精度,需对物探方法进行分析,对设备进行校验,对不同埋深、不同地电条件下金属管线探测的工作参数进行试验,对探测仪性能、方法、最佳收发距离进行综合评定,旨在最大限度地发挥探测仪的潜能,从而保证地下管网的探测精度。