O/W型TR-02稠油乳状液的配制及静态稳定性评价

针对河南油田L131井稠油,采用自制的TR-02乳化剂,根据稠油乳化降黏原理及O/W型乳状液的形成机制,研究了乳化剂的类型和含量、乳化方式、搅拌方式和搅拌速度、相体积分数等对O/W型稠油乳状液稳定性的影响,特别是初步探讨了在TR-02中加入纳米助剂TR-23,对O/W型稠油乳状液稳定性的影响,为纳米材料在稠油乳化降黏中的应用提供一个可参考的基础数据。     

传统Spar平台和型组合共振运动响应研究

研究传统Spar平台在长周期规则波浪下的和型组合共振现象.考虑垂荡与纵摇运动的相互影响以及瞬时波面对于纵摇运动的参数激励作用,建立平台两自由度耦合运动方程.采用多尺度法导出了当波浪频率接近垂荡与纵摇固有频率之和时方程的一阶摄动解.针对一座实际Spar平台,通过求解幅值分岔方程,得到平台在不同波高下的运动响应并进行了数值模拟.计算结果发现,当波浪幅值超过某一极限值时,平台出现较大幅值的垂荡与纵摇亚谐共振运动.研究结果揭示了Spar平台出现和型组合共振的条件和组合共振时的动力特性.     

基于聚二甲基硅氧烷胶与Zn-Al型水滑石复合膜为离子载体的溶解二氧化碳电极及其性能标定

深海探测溶解CO2气体异常.可以为寻找热液口提供一个很好的证据.本文设计的基于自制的聚二甲基硅氧烷胶与Zn-Al型水滑石复合膜为离子载体的溶解CO2探测电极属于电势型CO2电极,适用于对深海中溶解形式的CO2的测量,具有体积微小、便于与pH、盐度、温度、氧化还原电位等多种传感器集成在同一探头腔内,实施在线探测等优点.实验室条件下.将该溶解CO2探测电极与银,氯化银参比电极分别接在Keithley 6517A高阻抗电位计输入端进行测试,测试结果表明:该电极对不同浓度的碳酸氢钠溶液具有良好的响应信号,响应时间大约在30s-1 min.检测限在10-1-10-4mol·L-1.     

Decomposition analysis on direct material input and dematerialization of mining cities in Northeast China

Material dematerialization is a basic approach to reduce the pressure on the resources and environment and to realize the sustainable development. The material flow analysis and decomposition method are used to calculate the direct material input (DMI) of 14 typical mining cities in Northeast China in 1995-2004 and to analyze the demateri-alization and its driving factors in the different types of mining cities oriented by coal, petroleum, metallurgy and multi-resources. The results are as follows: 1) from 1995 to 2006, the increase rates of the DMI and the material input intensity of mining cities declined following the order of multi-resources, metallurgy, coal, and petroleum cities, and the material utilizing efficiency did following the order of petroleum, coal, metallurgy, and multi-resources cities; 2) during the research period, all the kinds of mining cities were in the situation of weak sustainable development in most years; 3) the pressure on resources and environment in the multi-resources cities was the most serious; 4) the petro-leum cities showed the strong trend of sustainable development; and 5) in recent years, the driving function of eco-nomic development for material consuming has continuously strengthened and the controlling function of material utilizing efficiency for it has weakened. The key approaches to promote the development of circular economy of min-ing cities in Northeast China are put forward in the following aspects: 1) to strengthen the research and development of the technique of resources' cycling utilization, 2) to improve the utilizing efficiency of resources, and 3) to carry out the auditing system of resources utilization.     

汶川8.0级地震前后陕西地区地倾斜特征迁移分析

对汶川8.0级地震前后陕西地区地倾斜观测资料的分析发现,汶川地震前陕西地区地倾斜存在沿龙门山断裂带方向由东北向西南震中迁移,震后地倾斜反向迁移,迁移平均速度为3～4 km/天。进一步分析认为,震前陕西地区地倾斜向震源迁移可能对汶川8.0级地震起到了触发作用,而震后地倾斜向远场迁移有可能是诱发陕甘川交界的中强余震的主因。     

浏阳市竹峰"红层"蚀变岩型金矿床地质特征及矿化富集规律浅析

竹峰金矿床位于湘东北连云山隆起带与长平断陷盆地的接合部位,含金蚀变带赋存于白垩系上统东塘组紫红色砾岩中,共发现6条,以Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ三条为主。已控制长100～400米,硅化蚀变带含金(0.26～10.20)×10-6,金矿体呈透镜状、脉状产于断裂破碎带中,矿体厚0.75～3.00米,矿石由硅化构造角砾岩、硅化砂岩、砾岩,石英细脉等组成,矿区金矿化与硅化、黄铁矿化、褐铁矿化、褪色等蚀变作用关系密切。     

沅麻盆地砂岩型铜矿控矿条件

沅麻盆地为一中生代断陷盆地,是湖南省最重要的铜矿成矿区之一,区内铜矿床(点)较多,砂岩型铜矿为主要矿床类型,具有规模较大、品位较高、矿石选冶性能良好等特点,九曲湾铜矿是其典型矿床。本文通过对九曲湾铜矿矿床特征进行总结分析,结合现代沉积学理论,对原有“含铜岩系由地壳震荡运动造成”的论点提出质疑,提出“盆地的不断下陷及周期性的气候变化是形成含铜岩系的关键因素”,并对区内铜矿其它控矿条件进行了归纳、总结。     

印尼西加里曼丹寒梅山金矿床矿物蚀变特征及找矿方向

寒梅山(音译)金矿位于印度尼西亚西加里曼丹省西北部,是全球特提斯成矿域、环太平洋成矿域与印度?澳大利亚成矿域的交汇地带,具有较大的金矿找矿潜力.文章通过对矿区开展矿物蚀变填图,识别出青磐岩化带、泥化带、中度泥化带、绢英岩化带、钾化带、硅化带等6个矿物蚀变带,具有斑岩?浅成低温热液型矿床的矿物蚀变分带特征.结合区域地质特...     

ICP-MS测定生物样品中的微量金属元素

采用SP-60型恒压消解罐消解生物样品,用ICP-MS测定8种金属元素(Mn、Zn、Pb、La、Ce、Mo、Cr和Fe)的质量分数。依据分析结果,比较了消解程序的效果。结果表明,由10.0 mLHNO3对生物样品具有很好的消解能力,各元素的测定值与推荐值相符。     

Estimation of the Land Surface Emissivity in the Hinterland of Taklimakan Desert

An accurate accounting of land surface emissivity(ε) is important both for the retrieval of surface temperatures and the calculation of the longwave surface energy budgets.Since ε is one of the important parameterizations in land surface models(LSMs),accurate accounting also improves the accuracy of surface temperatures and sensible heat fluxes simulated by LSMs.In order to obtain an accurate emissivity,this paper focuses on estimating ε from data collected in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert by two different methods.In the first method,ε was derived from the surface broadband emissivity in the 8–14 μm thermal infrared atmospheric window,which was determined from spectral radiances observed by field measurements using a portable Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,the mean ε being 0.9051.The second method compared the observed and calculated heat fluxes under nearneutral atmospheric stability and estimated ε indirectly by minimizing the root-mean-square difference between them.The result of the second method found a mean value of 0.9042,which is consistent with the result by the first method.Although the two methods recover ε from different field experiments and data,the difference of meanvalues is 0.0009.The first method is superior to the indirect method,and is also more convenient.