自主导航地图的昨天、今天和明天EI北大核心CSCD

本文以无人驾驶技术的演化背景为出发点,总结自主导航地图,即高精地图的概念、与普通导航地图的区别、内容组成及数据来源。在此基础上,论述了高精制图流程的主要模块,包括先验图层的数据采集和更新、动态图层的实时构建、边缘计算、数据标准化和压缩服务。本文重点介绍了高精制图技术面临的4个研究难题及发展现状:①复杂驾驶环境的自动建模;②边角案例的数据采集;③伦理困境中的导航决策;④无人驾驶技术的安全性能评估。这些难题从不同的侧面挑战着高精地图自主导航能力的极限,需要政府立法机构、相关企业、研究机构和公众在全球范围内协同攻关。并指出,随着无人驾驶技术的不断完善,安全第一的研究重点将逐渐扩展成兼顾安全可信、环保节能和身心愉悦的移动体验,高精地图的结构化数码将衍生出多样化的适合人眼阅读的高清地图。如何充分提高导航数据的成本效益,实时生成高精地图和高清地图,同时为机器和人类提供最优服务,将成为新的研究热点。     

移动地理信息系统技术发展的3个时代EI北大核心CSCD

为了明晰的理清移动地理信息系统技术发展脉络,本文简述了信息技术变革是如何推动该技术向嵌入式时代、移动互联网时代、智能物联网时代不断演变,并依次分析了每个时代的技术架构及其典型应用,在此基础上提出了集成全球导航定位、5G、人工智能和计算机视觉等信息技术于一体的新一代移动地理信息系统概念,分析了其具备的泛在化、实时化、智能化特征,论述了支撑3大特征的跨平台内核、同步定位与全息高精度导航地图、语义地图和智能决策3种核心技术,总结其发展和应用的变化趋势,对后续移动GIS的发展有一定的指导意义。     

湖南省桑植县油坊萤石矿床成矿地质条件

桑植县油坊萤石矿位于扬子准地台边缘,是一典型的小而富的低温热液充填型矿床。矿体主要由压扭性断裂控制,与围岩含Ca质有关,围岩界限清晰。矿体呈透镜脉状、似层状或扁豆状,矿石质量好,Ca F2含量高。该矿床广泛存在围岩蚀变作用,表现有硅化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化。该类型萤石矿床有明显的找矿标志。     

塔北奥陶系碳酸盐岩沉积演化特征及台地发育模式

通过对塔北奥陶系碳酸盐岩沉积相类型、相带区域组合及分布特征的研究,根据岩石特征、沉积结构和相序特征的分析,建立了塔北奥陶系碳酸盐岩的沉积演化模式。研究认为塔北下奥陶统蓬莱坝组、中下奥陶统鹰山组、中奥陶统一间房组和上奥陶统吐木休克组沉积相横向分布较稳定。蓬莱坝组、鹰山组鹰四段、鹰三段为局限台地相;鹰二段为半局限台地相;鹰一段和一间房组属于开阔台地相,但向上水体不断变浅,一间房组沉积时期开始出现点礁;上奥陶统吐木休克组沉积时期区域整体沉降,为沉没台地-斜坡-盆地沉积。上奥陶统良里塔格组沉积时期盆地整体抬升,区域沉积厚度和沉积相出现较大变化,早中期发育碳酸盐开阔台地相,后期为典型的台地边缘相。     

南海琼东南盆地深水区储层类型及研究意义

通过对琼东南盆地钻井及典型地震相分析,认为琼东南盆地深水区发育两种类型的储层:第一类为形成于浅水环境的储层,包括扇三角洲砂体、滨浅海相滩坝砂体和台地碳酸盐岩;第二类为形成于深水环境的储层,包括盆底扇和峡谷水道等低位砂体。其中,深水区广泛分布的海底扇、峡谷水道砂体和台地碳酸盐岩具有良好的深水油气勘探潜力。     

珠江口盆地东沙隆起生物礁地质及地震特征

东沙隆起珠江组生物礁是珠江口盆地重要的储层类型,礁灰岩主要为珊瑚藻灰岩,分为骨架岩、粘结岩及障积岩。研究区生物礁发育于开阔台地、台地边缘及台地前缘斜坡3类沉积相中,生物礁类型可分为台内点礁、台地边缘堡礁及台缘斜坡塔礁,以台地边缘堡礁为主。珠江组沉积早期,东沙隆起发育滨岸砂质沉积;中期海水逐渐淹没东沙隆起,形成镶边浅水碳酸盐台地,发育生物礁;晚期海侵台地逐渐淹没消亡,被浅海陆棚泥质沉积代替。流花台地厚度最大,最厚达563m,台地顶面地震强反射使外形轮廓清晰,台地内部中-弱振幅至空白反射,连续性降低;惠州台地厚度较流花台地薄,厚度多大于100m,顶界面强反射轮廓清晰,内部层状反射能量强-中振幅、高-中连续、中-低频,局部空白反射;陆丰台地厚约30m,只有一个高连续的强振幅。生物礁地震响应以丘形、箱型、低丘-透镜状为特征,礁顶常为强振幅,内部为波状、有时见前积结构,翼部可见上超和披覆现象等。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987113001606

The paper reviews previous and recently obtained geological, stratigraphic and geochronological data on the Russian-Kazakh Altai orogen, which is located in the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt （CAOB）, between the Kazakhstan and Siberian continental blocks. The Russian-Kazakh Altai is a typical Pacific-type orogen, which represents a collage of oceanic, accretionary, fore-arc, island-arc and continental margin terranes of different ages separated by strike-slip faults and thrusts. Evidence for this comes from key indicative rock associations, such as boninite- and turbidite （graywacke）-bearing volcanogenic-sedimentary units, accreted pelagic chert, oceanic islands and plateaus, MORB-OIB-protolith blueschists. The three major tectonic domains of the Russian-Kazakh Altai are： （1） Altai-Mongolian terrane （AMT）; （2） subduction-accretionary （Rudny Altai, Gorny Altai） and collisional （Kalba-Narym） terranes; （3） Kurai, Charysh-Terekta, North-East, Irtysh and Char suture-shear zones （SSZ）. The evolution of this orogen proceeded in five major stages： （i） late Neoproterozoic-early Paleozoic subduction-accretion in the Paleo-Asian Ocean; （ii） Ordovician-Silurian passive margin; （iii） Devonian-Carboniferous active margin and collision of AMT with the Siberian conti- nent; （iv） late Paleozoic closure of the PAO and coeval collisional magmatism; （v） Mesozoic post-collisional deformation and anarogenic magmatism, which created the modern structural collage of the Russian- Kazakh Altai orogen. The major still unsolved problem of Altai geology is origin of the Altai-Mongolian terrane （continental versus active margin）, age of Altai basement, proportion of juvenile and recycled crust and origin of the middle Paleozoic units of the Gorny Altai and Rudny Altai terranes.     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987113001333

The basement of the Romanian Carpathians is made of Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic periGondwanan terranes variably involved in the Variscan orogeny,similarly to other basement terrains of Europe.They were hardly dismembered during the Alpine orogeny and traditionally have their own names in the three Carpathian areas.The Danubian domain of the South Carpathians comprises the Dragsan and Lainici-Paius peri-Amazonian terranes.The Dragsan terrane originated within the ocean surrounding Rodinia and docked with Rodinia at ~800 Ma.It does not contain Cadomian magmatism and consequently it is classified as an Avalonian extra-Cadomian terrane.The Lainici-Paius terrane is a Ganderian fragment strongly modified by Cadomian subduction-related magmatism.It is attached to the Moesia platform.The Tisovita terrane is an ophiolite that marks the boundary between Dragsan and Lainici-Paius terranes.The other basement terranes of the Romanian Carpathians originated close to the Ordovician NorthAfrican orogen,as a result of the eastern Rheic Ocean opening and closure.Except for the Sebes-Lotru terrane that includes a lower metamorphic unit of Cadomian age,all the other terranes(Bretila,Tulghes,Negrisoara and Rebra in the East Carpathians,Somes,Biharia and Baia de Aries in the Apuseni mountains,Fagaras,Leaota,Caras and Pades in the South Carpathians) represent late Cambrian—Ordovician rock assemblages.Their provenance,is probably within paleo-northeast Africa,close to the Arabian-Nubian shield.The late Cambrian-Ordovician terranes are defined here as Carpathian-type terranes.According to their lithostratigraphy and origin,some are of continental margin magmatic arc setting,whereas others formed in rift and back-arc environment and closed to passive continental margin settings.In a paleogeographic reconstruction,the continental margin magmatic arc terranes were first that drifted out,followed by the passive continental margin terranes with the back-arc terranes in their front.They accreted to Laurussia during the Variscan orogeny.Some of them(Sebes-Lotru in South Carpathians and Baia de Aries in Apuseni mountains) underwent eclogite-grade metamorphism.The Danubian terranes,the Bretila terrane and the Somes terrane were intruded by Variscan granitoids.     

云南省江城地区盐盆地重力勘探与深部找钾启示

云南省江城勐野井钾盐矿是目前我国发现的唯一固体钾盐矿。该地区地质构造复杂,近几年通过野外地质、地球物理及钻井勘探 ,认为钾盐来自深部侏罗系,并沿断裂构造带挤压塑流到表层,可能在深部还存在大面积的“盐源”。为实现找矿突破,亟须了解控制盐矿形成的构造及围岩的三维结构特征。通过对江城地区高精度重力数据位场分离、边缘检测、3D物性反演的地球物理处理与解释,获得了勐野井地区江城湖盆的基底变化、断裂展布等地质信息,确定了研究区构造格架、地下密度体的三维分布与岩盐矿的关系,推断在勐野井矿区西北深部可能还有侏罗系盐岩甚至钾盐的存在,该地区将是未来找矿工作的重点。研究成果为江城地区下一步钾盐矿勘查提供了线索和依据。     

六盘山地区下白垩统六盘山群李洼峡组叠层石特征及成因环境探讨

在六盘山地区下白垩统六盘山李洼峡组中发育了湖相丘状叠层石,通过对叠层石的特征和叠层石地球化学组分分析表明,研究区叠层石主要产于安静低能水体环境,而且对沉积物的捕捉和粘附作用不甚明显,生物膜的钙化和原地微生物引发的沉淀作用是主要成因。经分析,研究区叠层石的Sr/Ba值为12.36,CaO含量为45.56%,总体上,研究区叠层石形成于盐度高且温度较高、气候炎热、蒸发量大而且较为干旱的环境。