风力发电机的发展史

人类很早就认识到风能是一种可再生、无污染的绿色能源,使用风能发电,可以“变相地”减少二氧化碳等温室气体的排放。经过计算,平均每装一台单机容量为1兆瓦的风能发电机,每年可以减排2000吨二氧化碳(相当于种植2.6平方千米的树木)、10吨二氧化硫、6吨二氧化氮。     

地球磁场的西向漂移

西向漂移是地球主磁场长期变化最重要的特点之一，任何一个成功的地磁场起源理论都反能否合理地解释西漂作为检验标准之一。本文简要回顾地磁场西漂硬件历史，对计算西漂的各种方法和结果作了对比分析，对这些方法的物理依据，特点及局限性进行了讨论。     

全球是大潮汐发电机投入使用

3月，世界首台潮汐能发电机在英国斯特兰福德湾安装就位。这一装置可能带来海洋能源利用领域的“革命”，使英国这个岛国所需电力的1／5都能从海洋中获取，从而使英国成为“海洋能源应用领域的沙特阿拉伯”。     

Studies of grand minima in sunspot cycles by using a flux transport solar dynamo model

We propose that grand minima in solar activity are caused by simultane- ous fluctuations in the meridional circulation and the Babcock-Leighton mechanism for the poloidal field generation in the flux transport dynamo model. We present the following results： （a） fluctuations in the meridional circulation are more effective in producing grand minima; （b） both sudden and gradual initiations of grand minima are possible; （c） distributions of durations and waiting times between grand minima seem to be exponential; （d） the coherence time of the meridional circulation has an effect on the number and the average duration of grand minima, with a coherence time of about 30 yr being consistent with observational data. We also study the occurrence of grand maxima and find that the distributions of durations and waiting times between grand maxima are also exponential, like the grand minima. Finally we address the question of whether the Babcock-Leighton mechanism can be operative during grand minima when there are no sunspots. We show that an a-effect restricted to the upper portions of the convection zone can pull the dynamo out of the grand minima and can match various observational requirements if the amplitude of this a-effect is suitably fine-tuned.     

High-resolution modeling study of the Kuroshio path variations south of Japan

A high-resolution ocean general circulation model （OGCM） is used to investigate the Kuroshio path variations south of Japan. The model reproduces many important features of the Kuroshio system including its interannual bimodal variability south of Japan. A decreasing trend of the spatial averaged relative vorticity is detected when the Kuroshio takes the non-large meander （NLM） path, and during the transition period from the NLM to the large meander （LM）, a sudden release of velocity shear corresponds well to the weakening of the Shikoku recirculation gyre （SRG）, which plays a key role in modulating the Kuroshio path variations. Analysis of eddy energetics indicates that baroclinic instability is mainly responsible for the formation of the LM. In addition, further analysis shows that the strength of the SRG could be largely influenced by the baroclinic Rossby wave adjustment process, forced by the wind stress curl anomalies in the North Pacific basin, based on the model investigation. It is suggested that the cyclonic disturbances might account for the weakening of the SRG, and act as a remote trigger for the baroclinic instability of the Kuroshio south of Japan.     

国际风力发电的现状及展望

阐述了当前国际风力发电现状和风力发电机研制情况，分析了各国开展风力发电采取的优惠政策。指出随着风力发电技术日趋成熟、市场规模不断扩大和风力发电成本逐渐下降。风力发电作为一种可再生的清洁能源和替代能源技术其发展前景十分广阔。     

沱江地区风能资源分析及发电应用研究

本对江华县沱江地区低风速区的喇叭口地形的风能资源进行了计算和分析表明，该地区风能资源较丰富，有一定利用潜力和开发价值，为湖南地区利用风能资源提供了科学依据。     

两日对称行星波发电机效应的数值研究

本文从发电机理论出发,计算了一种波数为3、周期为两日的西行对称大气行星波风场所产生的电流及电场的全球分布以及随世界时的变化,并给出这种电场在不同经度随地方时的变化.这个电场沿磁力线传到F层后,将会对F层动力学过程起着重要的作用,可能是导致赤道异常两日波动的原因.     

GM—58—1型轻便电测仪设计书

在祖国工农业大跃进的形势下,生产突飞猛进地发展要求石油工业迅速的跟上去。为祖国找出更多的工业血液——石油。可是作为石油勘探工作中的一支重要力量——物探电测(站)队还使用着装备庞大且笨重的仪器。大大的影响着它的工作地区范围,以及生产效率和成本。这就给从事石油物探工作者提出了一个迫切的任务:根据实际生产的需要设计出轻便的、而且不降低勘探深度的电测仪器。     

电离层S_q发电机理论的研究和数值模拟

本文回顾了近百年来（１８８９－１９９０）电离层发电机理论中Ｓｑ电流体系的研究进展，分别阐述了Ｓｑ电流体系的研究意义、获得Ｓｑ等效电流体系的正演和反演方法、给出了主要代表学者的研究成果及方法，并对Ｓｑ发电机理论存在的问题和需要进一步研究的课题进行了讨论，可以看出Ｓｑ等效电流体系研究虽然取得了很大进展，二维理论也在日渐完善，但三维发电机研究无论在理论上和计算方法上都还有改进的余地，如何最大程度上合理地解释Ｓｑ的变化规律，并与磁层物理和大气动力学联合起来综合考虑是今后三维理论工作所必须解决的问题。