土地整治重民意方能见实效

正看了本期杂志将要发表的一组关于土地整治的文稿,心中不禁暗暗叫好。从这些文稿中清晰地感觉到,全州县庙头镇宜湘河村、容县杨梅镇三德村、凭祥市夏石镇新鸣村、昌平乡木民村的几个土地整治项目在实施过程中,较好地贯彻了党的群众路线,尊重实际,尊重民意,并根据农民的经营需求确定土地整治目标和整治方案,严把工程质量关,确保了土地整治行之有效,做到了一项工程造福一方,一个项目竖一座务实为民的丰碑。     

The Soil Moisture and Net Primary Production Affected by CO_2 and Climate Change Using a Coupled Model

In this paper, a coupled model was used to estimate the responses of soil moisture and net primary production of vegetation （NPP） to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration and climate change. The analysis uses three experiments simulated by the second-generation Earth System Model （CanESM2） of the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis （CCCma）, which are part of the phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project （CMIP5）. The authors focus on the magnitude and evolution of responses in soil moisture and NPP using simulations modeled by CanESM, in which the individual effects of increasing CO2 concentration and climate change and their combined effect are separately accounted for. When considering only the single effect of climate change, the soil moisture and NPP have a linear trend of 0.03 kg m^-2 yr^-1 and-0.14 gC m^- 2 yr^-2, respec- tively. However, such a reduction in the global NPP results from the decrease of NPP at lower latitudes and in the Southern Hemisphere, although increased NPP has been shown in high northern latitudes. The largest negative trend is located in the Amazon basin at -1.79 gC m^-2 yr^-2. For the individual effect of increasing CO2 concentration, both soil moisture and NPP show increases, with an elevated linear trend of 0.02 kg m^-2 yr^-1 and 0.84 gC m^-2 yr^-2, respectively. Most regions show an increasing NPP, except Alaska. For the combined effect of increasing atmospheric CO2 and climate change, the increased soil moisture and NPP exhibit a linear trend of 0.04 kg m^2 yr^-1 and 0.83 gC m^2 yr^-2 at a global scale. In the Amazon basin, the higher reduction in soil moisture is illustrated by the model, with a linear trend of-0.39 kg m^-2 yr^-1, for the combined effect. Such a change in soil moisture is caused by a weakened Walker circulation simulated by this coupled model, compared with the single effect of increasing CO2 concentration （experiment M2）, and a consequence of the reduction in NPP is also shown in this area, with a linear trend of-     

山东荣成天鹅湖大叶藻形态和生长的季节性变化研究

2012年8月至2013年7月,作者逐月对天鹅湖大叶藻(Zostera marina L.)的形态特征、植株密度、生物量和生产力进行了监测。结果表明,大叶藻周年株高最高值和最低值分别出现在7月和1月;叶鞘高度、叶鞘宽度和叶宽的最高值均出现在7月,叶鞘高度最低值出现在1月,叶鞘宽度和叶宽最低值均出现在2月;大叶藻顶枝、侧枝和花枝的周年密度最大值分别出现在6月、4月和5月,最小值分别出现在1月、8月和7月;单株生物量和地上部分生物量最大值均出现在7月,地下部分出现在10月,而单株生物量和地上部分生物量最小值均出现在1月,地下部分生物量最小值出现在3月;单株地上和地下生产力最大值均出现在6月,最小值则分别出现在1月和2月。分析显示,大叶藻在冬季由于水温较低导致生长缓慢,且植株较小,在春季随水温上升,生长开始加快。水温在夏初达到大叶藻的最适生长水温,大叶藻的生物量和初级生产力达到最高值,而夏末和初秋由于水温过高导致大叶藻个体生物量、密度和初级生产力开始降低。这种季节性变化与水温的季节性变化密切相关。     

2013天宝中国区用户大会召开

正2013年11月,美国天宝公司在北京召开了中国区用户大会,来自中国及周边国家的2000多名参会者共襄盛举。本次大会的主题是"创新科技,引领未来",意在强调天宝公司如何通过自身先进技术,改变世界的工作方式,从而提高生产力并取得更大的成功。在为期2天的活动中,与会者聆听了5位来自不同行业领导者的主题演讲及多个分组会议。此外,会场还设有一个展区,用于天宝公司先进解决方案展示和各行业专家代表现场交流。据悉,中     

天然土层初始状态与土体压缩性的相关性刍议

通过分析自钻式旁压仪等原位测试手段获取静止侧压力系数偏高现象,揭示了传统理论估算天然土层垂向应力偏小的事实。经历勘探开采的卸荷膨胀,室内实验取得的原状样本重力密度不再等同于地层埋藏条件的初始状态。初始状态不会背离土体压缩性本质,因此以均匀性假设条件认知上覆压力作用下天然土层土体的物理性质并不恰当。本文采取固结压力附加100kPa等技术措施变革压缩实验分析模式,探索构建与压缩和回弹性质及应力历史条件相关的天然土层初始状态数学模型。结合应用实例,提出室内实验观察的回弹指数不足以体现样本的膨胀状况,最小干密度和液限状态的物理意义或是土体原始压缩的最大孔隙特征,以及压缩指数不能圆满诠释土体压缩性原理等见解。     

滨里海盆地M区块晚石炭世古地貌恢复与白云岩储层预测

白云岩储层的发育主要受原始沉积岩性和后期溶蚀作用影响, 原始沉积岩性受沉积时古地貌控制, 后期溶蚀作用受溶蚀古地貌控制.滨里海盆地M区块石炭世KT-Ⅰ层有利储集岩为溶蚀白云岩, 分布在KT-Ⅰ层顶部, 孔隙类型为晶间(溶)孔、粒内溶孔和生物体腔孔.M区块石炭系沉积时为"西高东低"古地貌背景, 在二叠世早期地层回返呈"东高西低"特征, KT-Ⅰ层顶部遭受剥蚀.通过残余地层厚度法和沉积补偿厚度印模法对KT-Ⅰ层原始沉积古地貌和后期溶蚀古地貌进行了恢复, 指出了M区块原始沉积古地貌高地与溶蚀斜坡带叠合区为有效白云岩储层分布区, 提出了M区块勘探方向为"向南扩大勘探场面, 向东拓展勘探新区", 在中-南部和南部建议了3口井位, 取得了很好的钻探实效.表明古地貌恢复技术是M区块预测白云岩储层的有效方法.      

高压线对CSAMT探测结果的影响及数据处理

以干扰严重的某工作区为例,探讨高压线对CSAMT法所测数据的影响,总结了本工作区高压线对CSAMT数据影响的特征;根据其电磁干扰特征,寻求数据处理的方法,运用插值法恢复接近正常场的磁信号,再利用原始电场信号和恢复的磁信号,计算得出视电阻率。这种方法经对比和钻探验证,效果良好。     

轻点鼠标，五分钟调出一份原始资料——株洲历时两年创建国土资源档案馆

走进株洲市国土资源局档案馆，明亮干净的查询大厅让人倍感亲切舒适，前来查询调档的群众络绎不绝。只见工作人员打开电子档案查询系统，按照调档者提供的年份及相关项目名称，输入数据与关键词后轻点鼠标，几秒钟后电脑屏上立即显示出该项目案卷资料详情，再轻点打印，一份清晰明了的原始资料（包括图件）查询就完成了。整个流程不超过5分钟。     

LOCATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH： CASE STUDY IN CHINA

This paper explores how location could affect economic growth and it has always been omitted in economic analysis. Geographic factors can affect economic activities. Three mechanisms of location affecting economic growth have been studied: consumption, production and migration. The initial superior location will take such advantages as lower transport costs and lower price level, so it could have higher consumption utility, higher productivity, and attract more human capital, then lead higher growth. Those regions with the superior location will have higher utility due to more product varities and the comparative lower price, and higher wage due to the production technology, and it would attract more individuals with higher human capital to move to this location. It is a kind of agglomeration, meaning the superior location will hold more advantages and higher growth rate, otherwise those locations with poor geographic factor will be even worse. Based on Chinese provincial economic growth experiences of these years, this paper does some empirical analysis by regressing on some variables including the geographic ones. In this paper, the dummy variables and population density are used to measure the location factor. And we find evidences supporting the view that dominant locations such as coastal areas grow faster, on the contrary,middle and western provinces grow slower. Location does affect economic growth.     

成冰纪全球冰期事件的环境效应研究进展

成冰纪全球冰期是地球历史上最极端的冰室气候事件,冰川作用波及赤道区域,全球可能都遭受了冰封,海洋广泛缺氧,生物演化进程迟滞。然而,冰期结束之后,大气氧浓度迅速升高,海洋发生逐步氧化,大型带刺疑源类和真核多细胞藻类在埃迪卡拉纪开始繁盛,出现最早的动物,地表生物圈发生了翻天覆地的变化。显然,成冰纪全球冰期事件是地球系统演化的重要转折。认识冰期的环境效应是认识埃迪卡拉纪生物演化的关键,也是打开地表宜居环境演化的钥匙。本文总结了近年来成冰纪全球冰期的气候假说、冰期沉积特征、海洋氧化还原条件及冰期后的大气与海洋环境剧变等方面的研究进展,简要分析了全球冰期研究中存在的问题,并对该领域未来研究提出了展望与建议。