In-situ testing study on convection and temperature characteristics of a new crushed-rock slope embankment design in a permafrost region

For the purpose of enhancing air convection and controlling solar radiation, a new crushed-rock slope embankment design combined with a sun-shade measure is proposed. A newly designed embankment was constructed in the Tuotuohe section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and a field-testing experiment was carried out to determine its convection and temperature characteristics. The results show that distinct air convection occurred in the crushed-rock layer of the new embankment, especially in cold seasons, which was enhanced when it flowed upwards along the slope. This preliminarily indicated that the new design of the embankment slope was good for reinforcing air convection in the crushed-rock layer. The frequent fluctuations of the convection speed and the environmental wind speed were in good agreement, suggesting that the convection in the crushed rock primarily came from the ambient wind. It was also preliminarily determined that the new embankment had a better cooling effect and sun-shade effect for decreasing the temperature of the embankment slope compared with a traditional crushed-rock slope embankment, and the mean temperature difference between them was up to 1.7 °C. The mean annual temperature at the bottom boundary of the crushed-rock layer was obviously lower than that at the top boundary, and heat flux calculation showed that the shallow soil beneath the embankment slope was weakly releasing heat, all of which indicated that the new embankment slope design was beneficial to the thermal stability of the embankment. This study is helpful in providing some references for improved engineering design and maintenance of roadbeds in permafrost regions.     

Sedimentary environment of Middle Permian Zhesi Formation in Solon area of Inner Mongolia

Through a sampling analysis of trace elements and REE in the section of Middle Permian Zhesi For- mation in Solon area of Inner Mongolia, it is found that the overall sandstone and mudstone samples are charac- terized by LREE-enrichment. By analysis of the discriminant index of the sedimentary environment, the tectonic setting of Zhesi Formation is determined to be a continental island arc environment. Meanwhile, according to the sedimentary structure and lithology combination, Zhesi Formation is divided into the neritic-bathyal reten- tion-reduction environment as well as the delta front and prodelta sedimentary systems.     

随枣北部地区燕山期花岗岩体构造环境探讨

随枣北部地区发育大量燕山期花岗岩体,以新黄断裂为界,南西侧主要为二长花岗岩,北东侧为钾长花岗岩。主要造岩矿物为钾长石、斜长石、黑云母和石英。岩浆岩总体酸度较高,高铝、相对富钾,以准铝质到过铝质钙碱性岩为主,属高钾一钾玄质系列。根据岩石化学参数判别为造山晚期花岗岩,属构造转折时期的岩石组合;微量元素蛛网图识别为同碰撞花岗岩和碰撞后花岗岩;微量元素对判别为同碰撞花岗岩（syn-COLG）和火山弧花岗岩（VAG）;采用巴尔巴林构造环境识别为富钾钙碱性花岗岩类（KCG）;Maniar和Piccoli构造环境判别属造山环境下的花岗岩。通过综合评判,结合区域大地构造演化规律,其构造环境应属于后碰撞阶段,地球动力学环境应为构造体制转换期。     

煤微量元素地球化学的一个重要规律—以渭北5号煤层为例

通过数理统计的方法,计算了渭北晚古生代太原组5号煤层Li等51种微量元素和煤中有机碳、灰分的相关系数,根据对渭北5号煤层Li等51种微量元素-有机碳相关系数平方、微量元素-灰分相关系数平方变化曲线与相应元素的第一电离能、离子半径变化曲线的对比研究,确认煤中微量元素在有机质和矿物质的分布、分配及赋存,总体服从元素周期律,并对此规律作了较完整的理论表述.研究认为,煤的微量元素地球化学周期律至少在鄂尔多斯盆地晚古生代这类统一稳定的聚煤环境里是适用的.     

湘南千里山—骑田岭矿集区黄沙坪型铅锌矿地气异常特征及找矿意义

本文介绍了地气测量的原理和装置.根据黄沙坪—廖家湾剖面开展地气测量获取的37种元素数据,应用聚类分析总结归纳了黄沙坪及骑田岭地区地气异常特征,并结合该区域Eu异常情况,对获取的地气异常进行了分析判断.本文的工作不仅为黄沙坪—廖家湾剖面控制区域进一步找矿提供了新的找矿靶区,也为相邻区域应用地气测量寻找深部隐伏矿床提供了科...     

中国地质科学院荣获2010年度国家技术发明二等奖

中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所张荣华研究员的"高温高压流体和流动反应原位观测装置、方法、整合技术",荣获2010年度国家技术发明二等奖。项目由陈毓川、李廷栋、肖序常三位院士共同推荐     

四川省简阳市三岔镇紫色土微量元素全量与有效性评价

以简阳三岔镇土地整理区紫色土中B、Mn、Zn、Cu、Mo元素全量,与有效态含量、有机质含量、pH值为数据源,分析土壤微量元素的含量特征.通过对有效态含量进行分级评价,并结合有效态与全量、pH值、有机质含量的相关性分析,对研究区提出养份管理建议.研究表明,该区紫色土微量元素全量及交换性Mn含量相对正常,但有效B、Zn、C...     

四川广元上寺剖面上二叠统大隆组优质烃源岩发育主控因素初探

对四川广元上寺上二叠统剖面进行岩石学和地球化学分析,并利用Al/Ti值评估古生产力,而利用Mo、u、V、Cr、V/Cr和V/(V+Ni)来评估沉积环境,进而探讨烃源岩中有机质的积累与海洋初级生产力、沉积环境(氧化还原条件)以及沉积速率之间的关系.研究发现,在大隆组中部,TOC、过剩铝、Cu、Ni和Cd出现高值(TOC平...     

PC-104模块在水下原位化学分析仪器中的应用

使用PC-104嵌入式平台作为控制模块开发了流动注射分析仪的控制和采集系统,实现了载流驱动、进样控制及CCD（charge coupled device）光谱数据采集等复杂功能。结果表明：PC-104模块在复杂控制和海量数据采集方面具有很好的实用性,能大大缩短开发周期,为结构复杂的水下原位化学分析仪的开发提供良好的控制...     

万紫千红总是盐

所谓"红盐自生"指的就是"天下雨时,雨水浸入盐畦卤水中,形成了红盐"。还在日晒法制盐的时代,那些经验丰富的老盐工就已经知道了,用卤水和淡水结合操练,盐在结晶过程中就带有颜色,其中又以红色居多。中国有一句古语说的是"开门七件事,柴、米、油、盐、酱、醋、茶",由此可见,盐在人们生活中是居于重要地位的。