南黄海盆地南部坳陷晚白垩世-第四纪构造演化对油气的控制

受盆地差异成因机制的影响,南黄海盆地南部坳陷类型及构造演化有多种认识,并存在很大争议。通过重新划分构造单元和构造层,深入研究构造特征;将建湖隆起延伸入海,首次提出将南二凹陷划分为南二凹陷北和南二凹陷南两个凹陷;建立盆地构造格架,明确中新生代构造演化阶段及性质,以张引作用为主与挤压隆升相间,构成多期构造旋回;揭示构造对油气的控制作用,确定阜宁组为烃源岩发育有利层位,南五凹陷为烃源岩分布最优区域,并认为南五凹陷可以存在二次生烃;进行油气成藏模式对比,从而优选南五凹陷为最优区块。     

济阳坳陷馆陶组层序地层研究

利用钻井、测井、露头和地震等资料采用沉积学、层序地层学、地震地质学等方法,研究济阳坳陷馆陶组沉积特征,并进行了层序地层划分,结果发现：济阳坳陷馆陶组地层主要发育河流相沉积,馆陶组下段存在以浅水湖泊为背景的辫状河三角洲沉积,馆陶组上段发育湖泊三角洲沉积以及曲流河浅水三角洲沉积,在此基础上,进行了层序界面识别与层序划分,可将馆陶组地层可划分出一个构造层序,2个三级层序,层序底界面都为I型层序界面,每个层序内又可划分出3个体系域,即低水位体系域、扩张体系域和高水位体系域。     

川西坳陷XC构造带雷口坡组顶部风化壳储层预测

四川盆地川西坳陷XC构造带的中三叠统雷口坡组地层埋深大,地质条件复杂,采用任何单一的技术方法皆难于准确预测雷口坡组顶部风化壳洞缝型储层的分布。在明确沉积储层特征的基础上,依据储层地震响应特征,采用波形分类、地震属性、相干体分析、波阻抗反演等多种技术方法进行储层有利相带预测,建立了一套适合雷口坡组顶部风化壳洞缝型储层的预测技术方法序列。预测结果表明,雷口坡组顶部风化壳洞缝型储层主要分布于XQ构造—XC构造—WX构造一带,综合评价为储层发育有利区;其次分布在HXC构造—FG构造一带,综合评价为储层发育较有利区,其余地区储层相对较差。     

桂中坳陷天然气组分特征及其非烃组分成因

桂中坳陷浅层泥盆系—石炭系、二叠系—三叠系天然气显示丰富,其组分主要包括CH4、CO2和N2三种。自北向南,天然气的组分呈现明显分异,石炭系广泛出露区多见富N2气聚集,体积分数达80%~90%,忻城—合山一带二叠系—三叠系残存区,烃类相对富集;中部桂中1井CH4与CO2共存,体积分数相当;向南至D907井见到CH4体积分数达80%。区内CO2为深部热作用下碳酸盐岩分解成因;N2来源于大气,与地面淡水下渗、岩溶作用发育有关。认为坳陷内天然气的较好显示及其组分在空间分布上的差异系由该区保存条件存在差异性所致。     

Characteristics and significance of natural gas hydrate reservoir of Triassic in well QH-2 in Harlahu Depression of Southern Qilian Basin

Harlahu Depression is basically a geological blank area now. Few studies on the formation and distribution of natural gas hydrate have been published, especially the research and understanding of natural gas hydrate reservoir in this area. The borehole QH-2 is located in the western part of Harlahu Depression of South Qilian Basin, and it was the first deep drilling hole for natural gas hydrate investigation in this area, in which Quaternary,Neogene—Paleogene and Triassic strata were drilled. The authors took the core of Triassic reservoir in well QH-2 as the research object to study the reservoir characteristics of Harlahu Depression, through the thin section observation of rock, porosity, permeability, rock density, casting thin section and other physical property tests, as well as the logging data. The research shows that Triassic reservoir of well QH-2 is widely distributed with great thickness. However, the physical property of the reservoir is poor, and most parts of the reservoir were unconventional reservoirs. The fractures are not developed, so it is difficult to form fracture type hydrate and pore type hydrate in the consolidated rock stratum similar to Muli area. While, the thick Quaternary loose sediments and Tertiary strata with relatively developed fissures were developed under the permafrost regions in this area, which may provide a better reservoir space for the formation of natural gas hydrate.     

周口坳陷叶鲁断裂带构造特征及其演化

叶鲁断裂带位于华北克拉通南部,是鲁山-舞阳-阜阳-淮南断裂带的重要组成部分,控制着周口坳陷谭庄、舞阳等凹陷的形成与演化。据钻井、地震剖面解释和平衡剖面分析,在秦岭-大别造山带挤压活动的影响下,叶鲁断裂带在晚侏罗世—早白垩世向NNE方向强烈逆冲,主断层面倾角约37°,伸展率可达-22 m/Ma;晚白垩世—古近纪,周口坳陷处于伸展构造环境,该断裂带发生负反转构造作用。通过三角剪切软件模拟了叶鲁断裂带主断层在周参12井区的构造演化过程。模拟显示主断层形成时的总滑动量约为6 100 m,断层传播量为9 150 m,三角剪切角为150°,p/s值为1.5。     

The origin and distribution of natural gas in the frontal uplift area of the Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin

The frontal uplift of the Kuqa depression is an important oil and gas producing area. In this study, the distribution and origin of natural gas were discussed based on natural gas components and isotope data. The main components of natural gas were hydrocarbons with relatively high contents of C2+ component. Most gases were de-rived from terrestrial source rocks, and some came from marine rocks. The contents of non-hydrocarbon gases were high in the central part of the frontal uplift area and low in the two terminals. The distribution of oil composition was similar to that of natural gas, which was mainly controlled by the types of source rocks. Dry coefficient and maturity of natural gas in the frontal uplift were lower than those of gas in the Kelasu tectonic belt of the Kuqa depression, which was mainly affected by the difference of tectonic movements in both areas. In the frontal uplift, the traps were formed in the early stage and could capture the early formed oil and gas, and structural adjustment was slight in later stages, so the oil and gas could be effectively preserved. Multiperiodic oil and gas filling led to the complex distribu-tion of natural gas.     

列车动荷载下的黄土振陷研究

以拟建大（同）～西（安）客运专线为例,选取典型黄土地段,采集原状马兰黄土和离石黄土进行室内常规试验和动三轴试验,研究了长持时、小振幅作用下黄土振陷特性,通过三组比较试验,得出了黄土振陷与动荷载、埋深、振次、振动频率的定性关系,并对振陷机理做了探讨。     

埋藏方式控制储层压实效应的定量表征——以库车坳陷白垩系砂岩储层为例

埋藏方式对于储层压实作用的制约效应非常明显,但其定性描述无法精确反映其所涵盖的诸多因素。由此引入时—深指数(TDI指数),是对储层埋藏历史中时间、温度和埋藏压力三者的综合表征,并以定量形式揭示埋藏方式的差异。以库车坳陷白垩系砂岩储层为例,探讨TDI指数对于储层粒间体积的制约效应,两者呈现明显的相关性,表明TDI指数不仅可以较好地表征储层埋藏方式的差异,也对于储层储集物性有着特殊的预测效果。     

青海地区盐渍土分布规律及其盐胀溶陷机制探讨

针对青海一些地区盐渍土当硫酸钠含量小于1%时也会产生盐胀,而超氯盐渍土却不会产生溶陷的事实,进行了较为深入细致的论证和研究。得出如下结论:建(构)筑物由于盐胀问题引起破坏,往往由其所处地质环境因素起决定性作用,而并非完全符合相关规范所给出的硫酸钠含量超过1%才应考虑盐胀性。柴达木盆地腹地超氯盐渍土却由于难溶盐及中溶盐含量偏高,导致其反常态不产生溶陷。这些认识及观点与现行理论、规范有较大出入。