华北地块南部断裂体系新构造活动特征

根据野外观察、测量与分析,特别是综合华北地块南部断裂体系第四纪活动性质的构造和地貌标志,表明现今华北地块南部NWWNW向断裂活动最为显著,主要表现为左旋走滑性质;在前新生代构造基础上发育的三门峡-鲁山-舞阳断裂带和新构造期发育的新乡-商丘断裂带是具有走滑性质的新生代壳内活动断裂。地球物理资料表明,在介休-新乡-溧阳和巴东-泉州-台湾地震带西北部的深部存在两个NW向构造带,在地幔可能汇聚为一条构造带。综合这些断裂及其所控断陷盆地的展布特征,明确了该区的NE向、NW向及近EW向断裂的运动学关系。即在应力应变基底格局的制约下,两个NW向构造带强烈的左旋走滑拉分运动作用下导致华北地块南部发育拉分盆地,NW向新断裂的形成和先存NNE、NW及近EW向断裂的复活,控制了新生代复杂的断裂或断块构造格局的形成。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马六段白云岩特征及形成机制研究

鄂尔多斯盆地马六段在盆地大部分地区被剥蚀,仅在盆地周缘地区分布,因此,有关该盆地马六段白云岩成因研究较少。本文通过对马六段白云岩岩石学特征、阴极发光特征、微量元素特征以及碳氧同位素地球化学特征进行分析,对鄂尔多斯盆地南部马六段白云岩特征及形成机制进行了研究。研究结果表明,盆地南部马六段白云岩主要由细—中晶白云岩组成,白云石具"雾心亮边"结构,阴极发光呈暗红色光。微量元素总体上具有较低的Fe、Mn值,平均值分别为447×10~(-6)和62×10~(-6),较高的K、Na值,平均值分别为517×10-6和252×10~(-6),以及中等含量的Sr元素值,平均值为155×10~(-6)。δ~(13)C值平均为-0.617‰,δ~(18)O值平均为-7.6‰,以上特征均反映出海源流体特征。白云石的"雾心"和"亮边"结构中微量元素含量相差不大,认为是在相同成岩环境的不同成岩阶段形成,其中"雾心"形成于浅埋藏环境的渗透回流白云石化作用,而"亮边"是在深埋藏环境下对早期白云石的调整和加强。     

用碎屑锆石SHRIMP年代学方法恢复松辽盆地南部前中生代基底的源区特征

松辽盆地东南隆起区基底广泛发育副变质岩,3件样品的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄范围为406~2208Ma,反映了松辽盆地基底源区的复杂性。根据目前有关年代学研究成果,推断1100~2200Ma碎屑锆石可能来源于华北克拉通,而样品中的520Ma的碎屑锆石则可能来源于佳木斯地块。另外,样品的岩石学特征和临近大黑山条垒下二台群具有一定的可比性,推测文中样品可能是大黑山条垒在盆地内的延伸。     

西藏南部地区硅质岩成因的多样性研究

1 热水沉积硅质岩--以彭措林硅质岩为例 在西藏南部地区,彭措林硅质岩属古热水沉积作用的产物.它产于雅鲁藏布江缝合带,出露于蛇绿岩序列的顶部,表现出硅质岩-火山凝灰岩-玄武岩的岩性组合.在构造背景上,地处特提斯慢速扩张的不成熟洋脊或洋盆环境,和海底火山作用关系密切,综合地质背景有利于海底热水系统的发育.     

Main Controlling Factors on Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Distribution in Marine Sedimentary Sequences in South China

Multiple source rock assemblages were deposited in the sedimentary provinces in South China in geologic history,and some of them were destructed by and some survived against multiple tectonic movements.Therefore,multiple sources,mixed sources,and uneven distribution of sources occurred in the marine sedimentary basins in South China during the late stage of hydrocarbon pooling.Epidiagenesis of the marine carbonate reservoirs and its modification to reservoir poroperm characteristics determined the formation and the scale of natural gas pools.The exploration practices show that the large to medium gas fields mainly occur in areas with high-quality reservoirs.Detailed study of the paleo-oil accumulations and typical oil and gas reservoirs reveals that the basins experienced multiphase superimposition and modification,leading to the distribution of the Paleozoic paleo-oil accumulations and bitumen in the peripheral areas.The phenomenon that oil and gas production concentrates in the Sichuan basin indicates that the overall sealing conditions of a basin determine the oil/gas potentials and the scale of oil and gas production.This is a critical factor controlling the accumulation and distribution of gas in the marine sequences in South China.The early oil and gas pools in the Yangtze platform left billions of bitumen in the peripheral areas due to the destruction of seals.Since the Himalayan,"late-generation and late-accumulation" gas pools represented by the gas pools in the Sichuan (四川) basin were formed in the marine sedimentary sequences in South China as a result of the change of the sealing conditions.Current gas discoveries appear to be "paleo-generation and paleo-accumulation" gas pools but actually are "late-generation and late-accumulation" gas pools.These patterns of hydrocarbon pooling clearly depict themselves in western Sichuan basin and Weiyuan (威远)gas field.It is revealed that the gas pools in the Sichuan basin were mainly formed as a result of hydrocarbon phase change (thermal cracking of oil to gas),miscible migration,and dynamic equilibration since the Himalayan.A large number of gas pools were formed in the Himalayan and the gas pools in the marine sequences are characterized by late pooling; this kind of gas fields/pools are controlled by:(1) effectiveness of modification and superimposition of the marine basins,(2) effectiveness of the source rocks,(3) effectiveness of the overall preservation conditions,and (4) effectiveness of plays.     

安徽南部晚二叠世龙潭期岩相古地理研究

本文系统地讨论了皖南地区晚二叠世早期沉积层发育特征,确定了龙潭期地层的顶、底界线。以单因素图件为基础,结合其它成因标志,编制了龙潭早期(三个亚期)和龙潭晚期岩相古地理图。由此可以看出龙潭期的岩相古地理特征及其演化历史。     

中侏罗世漠河盆地南缘构造特征及地质意义

通过对漠河盆地南缘地层层序、构造特征等进行的实际地质调查,认为漠河盆地南部盖层主要为中侏罗统的河流相、河漫滩相、湖相沉积岩以及上侏罗统和白垩纪火山岩,盆地南部受拉张作用影响,正断层、铲形断裂发育,盆地南缘具断陷盆地特征,盆地形成时间较长.同时厘定出漠河盆地南部边界位于绣峰林场二支线附近.     

对扬子准地台(苏皖南部)盖层褶皱的认识

皖南运动后,扬子准地台开始盖层沉积。经加里东、印支平稳抬升后,至燕山运动方始褶皱造山,进入大陆边缘活动带发展阶段。南象运动创名于南京南象山,意指侏罗纪象山群沉积前的构造运动。经调查,该地南象运动面,实为象山群与二叠纪栖霞组间断层。     

青藏高原羌塘南部晚古生代地幔柱?——来自基性-超基性岩的地球化学证据

羌螗南部地区大面积出露基性一超基性火成岩.基性岩墙和玄武岩沿龙木错-双湖板块缝合带的南侧呈近东西向分布,大地构造位置位于冈瓦纳大陆北缘,分布范围西起国境线,东到双湖地区,总长约800km,形成时代集中在晚石炭世-早二叠世(284～318Ma),反映出岩浆的快速侵位-喷溢的过程.基性岩墙和玄武岩主要为碱性系列岩石,少数为亚碱性系列,Ti和Fe的含量均比较高,Mg#比较低,表明它们都是原始岩浆经不同程度分异结晶后的残余熔体.基性岩墙和玄武岩的稀土元素、微量元素、形成环境等均与板内玄武岩或典型的地幔柱成因玄武岩具有相似的特点.另外,苦橄质岩石多与基性岩墙和玄武岩一起产出.主要为单斜辉石橄税岩和二辉橄榄岩,矿物成分贫挥发性组分,主量、稀土和微量元素的特点反映出其很可能代表了地幔柱原始岩浆结晶的产物而非岩浆捕获体,而且其源区很可能为石榴子石二辉橄榄岩.由此,初步认为羌塘南部基性岩墙和玄武岩为地幔柱的头部减压熔融的产物,而苦橄质岩石为地幔柱尾柱通道熔融的产物.     

松辽盆地南部青山口组湖相风暴沉积

用岩心观察、粒度分析、薄片鉴定等方法,研究了松辽盆地南部青山口组湖相风暴沉积。结果表明,本区风暴沉积具有:a.丘状交错层理、冲刷面、渠模、截切构造、泄水构造及生物扰动成因等沉积构造;b.以跳跃总体为主、悬浮总体不发育的粒度特征;c.典型的“似鲍玛序列”。风暴沉积物源来自于西部斜坡区的(扇)三角洲及滨浅湖滩坝沉积,按其沉积特征及与物源的关系,又可进一步分为原地风暴岩和异地风暴岩。