治江围涂四十载 沧海桑田五十万

<正>同一个工程,可以经历40年而不辍,在绍兴,这项工程就是治江围涂。2012年底,上虞世纪丘三期围涂工程成功合龙,标志着始自上世纪六十年代的海涂围垦工程已取得阶段性胜利,绍兴、上虞两县实现海涂围垦近50万亩,这个数字相当于一个中等县的耕地面积。绍兴位于钱塘江南岸,海岸线近40公里。由清以来,钱塘江下游出水主槽北摆,逐渐稳定在北大门,绍兴后海塘西北淤成大面积滩涂,当时沿江居民自发在这里拓地晒盐,围涂垦种。但由于政治、经济、科技等因索的制约,尽管绍兴历史上不断筑塘堵潮,但很难根治。上世纪初,海涂植棉、种稻、捕鱼、晒盐具一定规     

大风刮来的邙山

在郑州市西北部,黄河南岸,有一条东西走向的山岭,人们习惯把它称为邙山或邙岭。邙山又名北邙,是崤山的支脉。广义的邙山起自洛阳市北,沿黄河南岸绵延至郑州市北。     

209国道巴东长江大桥南岸接线工程勘察设计招标公告（二次）

1．湖北省209国道巴东长江大桥南岸接线工程,建设资金来源为省交通厅补助资金、移民资金和地灾防治资金。受巴东县交通局（以下简称“招标人”）委托,恩施悦达工程招标代理有限责任公司（以下称“招标代理”）就209国道巴东长江大桥南岸接线工程的勘察设计任务进行国内竞争性公开招标。招标人将按照资格后审的方式对投标人的资格条件进行审查。由于第一次公告后,投标人数未达到法定最低三家的要求,现发布二次招标公告。     

莱洲湾南岸咸水入侵区晚更新世以来的古环境演变

The south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay is one of the typical salt-water intrusion areas in China, the occurrence and development of which was closely related with the palaeoenvironment evolution. Systematic analyses of pollen, foraminifera and grain size composition based on ^14C and luminescence dating from two sediment cores were performed for the purpose of understanding the salt-water intrusion in the coastal plain of Laizhou Bay from the perspective of environmental evolution since late Pleistocene. It could be classified into seven evolution stages since 120 kaBP： 120-85 kaBP was a transition period from cold to warm; 85-76 kaBP was a period with warm and wet climate having swamp lakes developed in the lower reaches of the Weihe River, south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay; 76-50 kaBP was characterized by grassland vegetation and coarse sediments in terrestrial environment, which was the early stage of Dali Ice-Age; 50-24 kaBP was a period with alternate sea deposition in the south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay; 24-10 kaBP was the late stage of Dali Ice-Age with coldest period of Quaternary, the south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay was dry grassland and loess deposition environment; 10-4 kaBP was another warm and wet climate period, sea level was high and regressed at 4 kaBP; and has been the modern sedimentary environment since 4 kaBP. Among the three warm stages, including 85-76 kaBP, 50-24 kaBP and 10-4 kaBP, corresponded to late Yangkou, Guangrao and Kenli seawater transgression respectively. The duration of the latter one in south coastal plain of Laizhou Bay was longer than that in west coast of Bohai Sea and east coast of Laizhou Bay. The three periods of seawater transgression formed the foundation of salt-water intrusion in this area.     

杭州湾南岸滨海平原土地利用变化对土壤发生层次质量演化的影响

Land use change plays an important part in the studies of global environmental change and regional sustainable development. The change of soil quality can particularly reflect the impacts of human socio-economic activities on environment. Taking the coastal plain of south Hangzhou Bay as a study case, we analyzed the effects of land use changes on organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, available phosphorus （AP）, available potassium （AK）, total salinity （TS）, pH value in soil genetic layers, and assessed soil quality change related to different land use types from 1982 to 2003. The results show that： （1） The general change tendency of soil quality in the coastal plain of south Hangzhou Bay declined obviously in A layer and slightly rise in B （or P） layer and C （or W） layer. The contents of TP decreased generally in all soil genetic layers, but the variety difference of other soil quality indices was relatively great. （2） The change of soil quality in the areas where land use changed is far more remarkable than that with land use unchanged. The value of quality variety is A layer 〉B （or P） layer 〉C （or W） layer. （3） The changes of soil tillage, cultivation, fertilization, irrigation and drainage activities related to land use may make some soil-forming processes disappeared and bring in other new processes which will affect the soil quality and soil genetic layers directly.     

莱州湾南岸海水入侵类型及其分区

渤海莱州湾南岸，是我国海水入侵灾害最严重的岸段。依据入侵物源可将广义海水入侵划分为两种基本类型：来源于现代海水的狭义海水入侵和物源于浅层第四纪沉积层中古海水（包括一般地下咸水及地下卤水）的地下咸水入侵。它们的成因、机理和危害差异明显；地下卤水入侵是一种特殊类型，造灾程度最高。海岸地貌和第四纪水文地质环境，是控制海水入侵类型区划的主导因素。莱州湾南岸不同岸段海岸环境差异，形成了海水入侵区、地下咸水入侵区和海、咸水混合入侵区３种类型区，可具体区划为：莱州市北部海岸海水入侵区，胶莱河－沙河河口平源海、咸水混合入侵区，昌邑北部潍河河口平原海、咸水混合入侵区，寿光北部平原地下咸水入侵区等４个区。类型区划分将有助于海水入侵灾害防治工程。     

杭州湾北岸深槽形成及演变特性研究

本文在论述杭州湾水、炒运动和冲淤变化的基础上,分析研究北岸深槽的形成和发育机理及演变特点.     

近黄河南岸某小区建设场地地质灾害评估及防治措施

为了减灾防灾、降低经济损失,对拟建在黄河南岸附近的小区建设场地进行了地质灾害危险性评估,讨论工程建设可能引发和遭受的各种地质灾害,重点分析了黄河岸边崩塌灾害对工程建设的影响,并提出了相应的防治措施.     

亚历山大——地中海南岸的明珠

人类自从第一次驾船驶向海洋起,就一直与各种危险同行:耗尽食物和淡水,遇到狂风巨浪或因触礁而沉没以及失去航向。而失去航向往往意味着无法在预计的时间内到达目的地,或者误人浅海区,导致前两种危险的发生。可见,航向就是船只的生命线。在还没有出现导航设备的时代,水手靠日月星辰和远处的陆地、岛屿指引航向。