三沙市温差能电站潜在站址选划分析

本文基于Nihous等人的方法利用WOA13海洋再分析资料针对三沙市所属几个重要海岛进行了温差能电站站址选划工作。研究表明南中国海温差能资源十分丰富,且功率密度的年变化很小,资源稳定性良好。综合考虑到温差能资源开发所涉及的温差、水深地形、离岸距离、环境影响以及社会经济等指标,本文在三沙市重点岛礁中优选出4个具有潜在开发价值的温差能潜在站址,并进行了详细的资源评估。结果显示:4个电站表层暖水温度介于24℃~28℃之间,年平均值为26℃,1 000 m水深冷水温度约为4℃,表层暖水与1 000 m水深处年平均温差约为22℃,冬季最低为20℃,夏季最高为26℃。温差达20℃时的水深分布情况显示,冷水可获取深度约为500~600 m,离岸距离均在10 km以内。在设计输出功率为10MW的前提下,年净输出功率均在10~19 MW之间,每年发电80GWh并输出22 000 m~3淡水。     

基于WRF-SWAN耦合模式的台风“威马逊”波浪场数值模拟

获取高分辨率的风场数据和气压场数据是精确模拟台风浪的基础,采用经验公式构建台风风场和气压场对海浪模式进行驱动,无法反映台风影响下海气动力过程,难以提供高精度的风场、气压场数据。本文基于中尺度大气模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting model)和第三代海浪模式SWAN(Simulating WAves Nearshore model),构建了南中国海地区大气—海浪实时双向耦合模式,针对超强台风"威马逊"进行数值模拟。将数值模拟结果与现场观测结果及卫星高度计观测结果进行对比验证,验证结果表明,本文建立的WRF-SWAN耦合模式在对台风"威马逊"影响下的南中国海台风浪的模拟中展现出较高的模拟精度,揭示了台风风场分布和台风浪分布在空间上的"右偏性"不对称分布特征及其形成机制。基于WRF和SWAN建立的大气-海浪实时双向耦合模式能够准确模拟台风动力过程以及台风浪的时空分布特征,可以推广用于南中国海地区台风浪的模拟分析。     

南中国海热带气旋时空分布及强度特征统计分析

根据中国气象局1949年到2017年的热带气旋资料,统计分析了南中国海及各区域的TC年际、年内变化及时空分布特征,并采用泊松-耿贝尔联合概率分布和皮尔逊-Ⅲ型概率分布得到不同重现期极端风速。结果表明:长期来看,南中国海海域TC总量和台风及以上级别的TC数量并未明显减少,但在2005年左右台风数量和强度都处于低谷,之后略有增多和增强。空间分布上,南中国海海域TC呈现北多南少、北强南弱、北早南晚的特征。根据台风资料统计,100年一遇风速在南海北部最大,达75.7 m/s,西沙群岛到黄岩岛附近海域在62.0～68.1m/s之间。     

南中国海TOPEX/POSEIDON轨迹交叉点测高数据的潮汐调和分析

讨论了由卫星测高数据进行潮汐分析的混叠问题和分潮的可分辨性;用ＴＯＰＥＸ／ＰＯ－ＳＥＩＤＯＮ海面重复轨迹交叉点测高数据计算南中国海１２个分潮（Ｓａ,Ｓｓａ,Ｍｍ,Ｍｆ,Ｑ１,Ｏ１,Ｐ１,Ｋ１,Ｎ２,Ｍ２,Ｓ２,Ｋ２）的调和常数;用不同方法验证了计算结果的精度,分析表明,分潮的振幅精度和潮高精度已达到±２ｃｍ,四个较大分潮（Ｏ１,Ｐ１,Ｋ１,Ｍ２）的迟角误差不超过±７°。其中Ｏ１,Ｋ１,和Ｍ２与验潮站实测值的最大偏差小于７°;给出了最大的全日和半日分潮（Ｋ１,Ｍ２）的潮波图。     

内蒙古与冲绳海槽和南中国海晚第四纪末次冰川盛冰期以来古气 …

控制东亚气候的东亚季风夏季风北界的内蒙古盐湖沉积物记录了晚第四纪末次冰川冰期以来的气候冷暖干湿变化特征及各类重要的气候事件。通过对内蒙古伊克昭盟杭锦旗盐海子Ｙａ０１孔岩心沉积物的有机碳、碳氮比、碎屑矿物成熟度、磁化率、氧碳稳定同位素和沉积物成分的研究表明,全新世大暖期起止时间为８￣４ｋａＢ．Ｐ．,其气候特征为暖干型。这一气候特点可与中国北方黄土、冰川、冲绳海槽沉积物及南海有孔虫Ｐｕｌｌｅｎｉａｔｉ     

南海名浅考

根据历史文献分析,已知南海海名最早出现于周宣王（827BC--782BC在位）时的《江汉》诗中。秦汉之间214BC—111BC时著的《山海经·海内东经》篇,记述了现时广东省三水和广州以南地区当时为海,称南海。这可从《史记》和《汉书》的记述,以及现代珠江三角洲的考古学、第四纪地质学和河口演变的研究成果所证实。南海古时别名涨海,明清时期外国人称为大明海和大清海。清朝以来,外国人把它翻译成（或称作）英文“South China Sea”,而近代某些中国人再把这个英文名词直译成汉文“南中国海”,忽视“南海”固有的中文名称。民国和中华人民共和国政府先后出版的地图和其他正式出版物,皆只用“南海”名。     

Estimation of eddy viscosity on the South China Sea shelf with adjoint assimilation method

The eddy viscosity of the ocean is an important parameter indicating the small-scale mixing process in the oceanic interior water column.Ekman wind-driven current model and adjoint assimilation technique are used to calculate the vertical profiles of eddy viscosity by fitting model results to the observation data.The data used in the paper include observed wind data and ADCP data obtained at Wenchang Oil Rig on the SCS (the South China Sea) shelf in August 2002.Different simulations under different wind conditions are analyzed to explore how the eddy viscosity develops with varying wind field.The results show that the eddy viscosity endured gradual variations in the range of 10^-3-10^-2 m²/s during the periods of wind changes.The mean eddy viscosity undergoing strong wind could rise by about 25% as compared to the value under weak wind.     

Water transports through the four main straits around the South China Sea

A quasi-global high-resolution HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) is used to investigate seasonal variations of water transports through the four main straits in the South China Sea. The results show that the annual transports through the four straits Luzon Strait, Taiwan Strait, Sunda Shelf and Mindoro Strait are −4.5, 2.3, 0.5 and 1.7 Sv (1 Sv=10⁶ m³s⁻¹), respectively. The Mindoro Strait has an important outflow that accounts for over one third of the total inflow through the Luzon Strait. Furthermore, it indicates that there are strong seasonal variations of water transport in the four straits. The water transport through the Luzon Strait (Taiwan Strait, Sunda Shelf, Mindoro Strait) has a maximum value of −7.6 Sv in December (3.1 Sv in July, 2.1S v in January, 4.5Sv in November), a minimum value of −2.1 Sv in June (1.5 Sv in October, −1.0 Sv in June, −0.2 Sv in May), respectively. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40806012, 40876013), Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KLOCAW0803) and Scientific Research Foundation for talent, Guangdong Ocean University (No. E06118)     

Long term sea level change and water mass balance in the South China Sea

Sea level anomalies observed by altimeter during the 1993–2006 period, thermosteric sea level anomalies estimated by using subsurface temperature data produced by Ishii and SODA reanalysis data, tide gauge records and HOAPS freshwater flux data were analyzed to investigate the long term sea level change and the water mass balance in the South China Sea. The altimeter-observed sea level showed a rising rate of (3.5±0.9) mm yr-1 during the period 1993–2006, but this figure was considered to have been highly d...     

南海玉螺科两新种记述

在整理中国科学院海洋生物标本馆收藏的玉螺科标本时,经形态分类和齿舌解剖学研究,发现了属于玉螺科的2个新种,即:马氏玉螺Natica maxiutongi sp.nov.和南海窦螺Sinum nanhaiensis sp.nov.。两新种均分布于南中国海,其中马氏玉螺采自海南岛陵水和黎安的潮间带至潮下带浅海砂质海底,壳面褐色或栗色,体螺层上有3-4条深褐色的螺带;南海窦螺分别采自广东近海和南沙群岛海域水深105m和102m的泥质沙海底,贝壳小,呈长卵圆形,壳面白色或淡黄褐色,表面螺肋和生长纹细密。