Possible Impacts of the Arctic Oscillation on the Interdecadal Variation of Summer Monsoon Rainfall in East Asia

The influences of the wintertime AO (Arctic Oscillation) on the interdecadal variation of summer monsoon rainfall in East Asia were examined. An interdecadal abrupt change was found by the end of the 1970s in the variation of the AO index and the leading principal component time series of the summer rainfall in East Asia, The rainfall anomaly changed from below normal to above normal in central China, the southern part of northeastern China and the Korean peninsula around 1978. However,the opposite interdecadal variation was found in the rainfall anomaly in North China and South China.The interdecadal variation of summer rainfall is associated with the weakening of the East Asia summer monsoon circulation. It is indicated that the interdecadal variation of the AO exerts an influence on the weakening of the monsoon circulation. The recent trend in the AO toward its high-index polarity during the past two decades plays important roles in the land-sea contrast anomalies and wintertime precipitation anomaly. The mid- and high-latitude regions of the Asian continent are warming, while the low-latitude regions are cooling in winter and spring along with the AO entering its high-index polarity after the late 1970s. In the meantime, the precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau and South China is excessive, implying an increase of soil moisture. The cooling tendency of the land in the southern part of Asia will persist until summer because of the memory of soil moisture. So the warming of the Asian continent is relatively slow in summer. Moreover, the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean which are located southward and eastward of the Asian land, are warming from winter to summer. This suggests that the contrast between the land and sea is decreased in summer. The interdecadal decrease of the land-sea heat contrast finally leads to the weakening of the East Asia summer monsoon circulation.     

2000年以来中国大陆5级以上地震近源区的相继发震特征与预测

通过对中国大陆除新疆和东北深震区以外的主要地区2000年以来5级以上地震活动特征的研究发现,5级以上地震近源区的相继发震是某些区域地震活动的重要特征。依据这一特征可以对今后研究区内5级以上地震的后续地震作中期预测。     

Numerical Modeling of Basin-Range Tectonics Related to Continent-Continent Collision

Continent-continent collision is the most important driving mechanism for the occurrence of various geological processes in the continental lithosphere. How to recognize and determine continent-continent collision,especially its four-dimensional temporal-spatial evolution, is a subject that geological communities have long been concerned about and studied. Continent-continent collision is mainly manifested by strong underthrnsting (subduction) of the underlying block along an intracontinental subduction zone and continuous obduction (thrusting propagation) of the overlying block along the intracontinental subduction zone, the occurrence of a basin-range tectonic framework in a direction perpendicular to the subduction zone and the flexure and disruption of the Moho. On the basis of numerical modeling, the authors discuss in detail the couplings between various amounts and rates of displacement caused by basin subsidence, mountain uplift and Moho updoming and downflexure during obduction (thrusting propagation) and subduction and the migration pattern of basin centers. They are probably indications or criteria for judgment or determination of continent-continent collision.     

欧洲首次发现跃龙骨化石 为大陆漂移说提供了又一有力证据

葡萄牙自然历史博物馆28日宣布，里斯本新大学一支考古队在葡中部城市蓬巴尔发现了距今1．5亿年前的跃龙（也称异特龙）骨骼化石。这是首次在欧洲大陆发现该种恐龙的化石，为大陆漂移说提供了又一有力证据。     

华北地块东部晚中生代至新生代岩石圈不均一减薄与改造模式

本文综合运用不同时代幔源包体平衡温压对比、玄武岩地球化学性质对岩石圈厚度的反演以及不同时代岩石圈地幔地球化学性质的对比的方法，把华北地块东部岩石圈的减薄时间限定在晚中生代至新生代之间。减薄的机制可能是华北东部地区晚白垩世以来大陆岩石圈的拉张作用。由于机械性拉薄和热、机械和化学侵蚀作用，岩石圈厚度最终减薄到70km以下。但古老的岩石圈地幔并没有完全因减薄而消失，残留部分受到了来自软流圈物质的强烈改造，使其Sr、Nd同位素组成类似于软流圈，但Os同位素没有受到明显的改变。改造后的岩石圈地幔成为华北地块东部新生代岩石圈地幔的主体。在时空上，岩石圈的减薄具有不均一的性质。     

阿拉善地区前寒武纪斜长角闪岩的岩石学、地球化学、形成环境和年代学

阿拉善地区前寒武纪不同岩群、岩组和杂岩中的斜长角闪岩均呈层状产出 ,其原岩多为高铁拉斑玄武岩 ,普遍具有高钾高钛、稀土元素含量高、轻稀土元素富集的地球化学特征 ,与典型的大洋拉斑玄武岩、太古宙的TH1型和TH2 型拉斑玄武岩有较明显的区别。岩石组合特征和多种地球化学判别图解均表明 ,该区的斜长角闪岩主要形成于板内环境 ,属于板内裂陷或大陆边缘裂陷的大地构造环境。初步的同位素年代学研究表明 ,叠布斯格岩群中斜长角闪岩的原岩形成于新太古代 ,含黑云斜长角闪岩中的角闪石3 9Ar_40 Ar坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为 1918Ma和1919Ma ,说明其曾经历了古元古代角闪岩相变质作用的叠加。巴彦乌拉山岩组中斜长角闪岩形成于 2 2 71Ma～2 2 6 4Ma。波罗斯坦庙片麻杂岩中的斜长角闪岩已被 1818Ma和 1839Ma花岗片麻岩侵入 ,根据该杂岩体中斜长角闪岩与巴彦乌拉山岩组中同类岩石的地球化学特征 ,推断其形成于古元古代早期。阿拉善群德尔和通特组中的斜长角闪岩目前尚无确切的同位素年代学数据 ,但相同层位的石榴石二云母石英片岩中锆石离子探针定年已获得平均同位素年龄值为 136 3Ma ,推测它有可能形成于中元古代     

“中国大陆科学钻探工程新型钻井技术体系的研究与应用”通过部级鉴定

本刊讯 2005年12月17日，国土资源部国际合作与科技司聘请21位著名专家学者组成科技成果鉴定委员会，在北京主持召开了由中国人陆科学钻探工程中心完成的“中国大陆科学钻探工程新型钻井技术体系的研究与应用”科技成果鉴定会。会议由国土资源部国际合作与科技司黄宗理司长主持，刘广志院十任鉴定委员会主任委员，刘光鼎、李延栋、顾心怿、苏义脑院士任副主任委员。     

有高有低,见证奇迹

<正>瑞典的"高海岸"和芬兰的瓦尔肯群岛坐落在波罗的海北部。这片广袤的海域约有35万公顷的面积,其中陆地约10万公顷。"高海岸"的岛屿海拔较高,岛上展现出多山的风貌,海岸陡峭,海崖光滑;瓦尔肯群岛和"高海岸"形成鲜明对比,瓦尔肯群岛由数千个低矮的岛屿、浅湾和巨石组成。"高海岸"和瓦尔肯群岛,在过去2~3万年前经历了几次冰期,一直是大陆冰盖的中心。目前的土地隆起开始于18000年前的冰川融化期,受融化作用的影响,冰     

冰与火之歌——我的冰岛征服史(上)

<正>火山、熔岩、暴雪、冰川,这些本该格格不入的词语却可以同时出现在一个国家之中——冰岛。它是由北美大陆和欧亚大陆板块不断挤压、板块张裂后引起火山喷发、岩浆涌出形成的神奇岛屿,岛上的裂谷至今仍沿西南至东北贯穿全岛,被称作"地球的伤痕"。而近北极圈的高纬度位置,也赋予了它与众不同的气候环境,勾勒出这个星球上最类似月球的地形。这个冬日,我终于踏上了这块魔幻的土地,誓要看尽它银装素裹下的万般风情。     

吉林百草沟金矿闪长玢岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

文章对延边地区百草沟金矿床与成矿有关的闪长玢岩脉进行了锆石LA_ICP_MS U_Pb年代学和地球化学研究。闪长玢岩中的锆石U_Pb定年结果显示,闪长玢岩形成时代为早白垩世((128±3)Ma,MSWD=0.29)。岩石元素地球化学研究表明岩石属于高钾钙碱性系列,明显富集大离子亲石元素(如K、Ba、Rb)、LREE和强不相容元素(如Th、U),相对亏损高场强元素(如Ta、Nb、Ti、P),Mg#值为42~54,其地球化学特征与活动大陆边缘背景下形成的火成岩相似。岩石中w(Cr)为20.0×10-6~33.4×10-6,Nb/Ta比值为9.7~16.5,La/Nb比值为2.54~3.67,Th/La比值为0.19~0.43,Rb/Sr值比为0.10~0.33,闪长玢岩岩浆是由地壳物质和地幔物质混合形成的。结合野外地质特征及年代学,认为与矿床近同时形成的闪长玢岩,其形成的构造背景应为古太平洋板块斜向亚洲大陆俯冲的活动大陆边缘。