若尔盖高原及其周围山地的冻土和环境

若尔盖高原内部年平均气温０．６～３．３℃，气温年较差１９．１～２１．２℃，已不具备多年冻土形成和保存的气候条件。据１９９２年７月间试坑和钻孔测温，在１．０～２．２ｍ深处地温为５～８．４℃，浅层地下水温６．０～７．８℃，由此判断不存在多年冻土，季节冻结深度为１．０～２．０ｍ。据冻土现象和试坑资料判断，周围山地海拔４１５０～４２００ｍ以上发育山地岛状多年冻土。区内沼泽演化表明，部分沼泽已疏干或向疏干趋势发展，草场退化和草原沙化已成为本区生态环境的重要问题，并已影响畜牧业发展     

青藏公路沿线通信光缆埋设地段冻土工程地质条件及评价

青藏公路沿线季节冻土和多年冻土的总长度为７６０ｋｍ，根据气温冻结指数和融化指数可估算最大季节冻结深度和最大季节融化深度。根据含水量划分出５种冻土类型和５个冻胀敏感性等级。提出了光缆埋设若干选线和施工建议。     

西藏高原道路工程特点与施工方法--西藏班戈县吉江路工程管理简析

本文通过对西藏班戈县江路工程特点的分析，制定出一系列科学有效的施工方法，成功克服了高原地区冻土厚、气温低、雨水多等不利因素的影响，确保了道路工程质量。     

石油污染对冻土热传导的影响

Complex experimental research of thermal properties of oil-contaminated frozen soils was carried out. On the basis of the obtained results the influence of the various factors connected with oil pollution on heat transfer in frozen soils was analyzed. And the model of heat transfer in frozen soils was offered.     

The Frozen Soils and Devastating Characteristics of West Kunlun Mountains Pass Ms 8.1 Earthquake Area in 2001

The investigation on damages to frozen soil sites during the West Kunlun Mountains Pass earthquake with Ms 8.1 in 2001 shows that the frozen soil in the seismic area is composed mainly of moraine, alluvial deposit, diluvial deposit and lacustrine deposit with the depth varying greatly along the earthquake rupture zone. The deformation and rupture of frozen soil sites are mainly in the form of coseismic fracture zones caused by tectonic motion and fissures,liquefaction, seismic subsidence and collapse resulting from ground motion. The earthquake fracture zones on the surface are main brittle deformations, which, under the effect of sinlstral strike-slip movement, are represented by shear fissures, tensional cracks and compressive bulges. The distribution and configuration patterns of deformation and rupture such as fissures, liquefaction, seismic subsidence and landslides are all related to the ambient rock and soil conditions of the earthquake area. The distribution of earthquake damage is characterized by large-scale rupture zones, rapid intensity attenuation along the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Highway, where buildings distribute and predominant effect of rock and soil conditions.     

内蒙古东北部冻土分布与地温关系

利用 30 1国道沿线气象台站多年气象资料及交通部门的实验数据 ,对内蒙古东北部冻土进行了现状评述及演化趋势推断 。     

Pressure State in Deep Crust and Formation Depth of UHP Metamorphic Rocks

INTRODUCTIONSincethediscoveryofeclogiteswithcoesiteanddia mondinclusionsrelatedtothecontinent continentcollision orogenyenvironment,theultrahigh pressuremetamorphism(UHPM )intheDabie Suluhasarousedgreatinterestinmanygeologists (Liouetal .,1994 ;Xuetal.,1992 ) .Experimentalstudieshaveprovedthatsuchmineralsasdia mond ,coesiteandomphaciteoccurredat 2 - 5GPa (andatthecorrespondingtemperatures) (Stevenetal.,1982 ;MirwaldandMasonne ,1980 ) .However,itdoesnotmeanthatthemetamorphicrockscanbe…     

2D Seismic Data Processing for Straight Lines in the Loess Plateaus in Fuxian of Shanbei

The crooked seismic lines along valleys were irregular previously in Fuxian of Shanbei,showing an irregular branch in plane, and hard to complete close grids. Therefore, it‘s difficult to conduct reservoir inversion of 2D seismic data. In 2001, Zhongyuan Oilfield Company carried out the study on field acquisition methods and seismic processing technology in Fuxian. Straight lines were passing through plateaus and formed seismic grids by using flexible geometry with variable linear bins.Data processing involved model-inversion based refraction static correction, surface consistent amplitude compensation, deconvolution, and pre-stack noise attenuation. As the result, seismic data with a high fidelity was provided for the subsequent reservoir predictions, small-amplitude structure interpretation and integrative geologic study. Because all lines were jointed to form grids, comprehensive interpretation of reservoir inversion could be finally implemented by using the pseudo logging method to control lines without wells.     

"可燃冰"--人类未来理想的替代能源

俗称“可燃冰”的天然气水合物，是最近20年来在海洋和冻土地带发现的新型洁净能源，是天然气和水在一定温度、压力条件下所形成的貌似冰状、可以燃烧的固体。据测定，1m^3“可燃冰”可释放200m^3的甲烷气体，其能量密度是煤的10倍，是常规天然气的2倍-5倍。据估算，世界上“可燃冰”所含有机炭的总资源量相当于全球已知煤、石油和天然气的2倍。可以肯定，“可燃冰”将是未来人类理想的替代能源。     

煤矿井工开采对冻土环境的影响分析

在多年冻土区进行煤矿井工开采,冻土稳定性是影响煤矿开采的制约性因素。采用数值模拟方法分析煤矿井工开采对冻土环境的影响。研究结果表明,最大融深随时间呈增大趋势;沿井壁深度,最大融深逐年增加,在多年冻土与季节冻土的交界附近,最大融深增加较快。由于开采巷道横截面较小,在有效的冻土保护措施下,井壁周围多年冻土温度升高幅度不会太大,因而井工开采会对井壁周围多年冻土造成一定影响,但不会造成大面积冻土的融化变形。