基于图像叠加的GEO目标探测方法

为了满足地球同步轨道(Geosynchronous Orbit,GEO)空间目标的探测要求,克服长时间曝光CCD像元出现饱和溢出的情况,提出使用多帧连续曝光图像叠加的方法,增加图像的存储范围,同时提升目标的信噪比,保证系统的探测能力.实验结果表明,利用10帧连续图像叠加的方法,可以有效消除像元饱和的情况,提升目标信噪比约3.2倍,提升探测能力近似2.5星等,且序列图像的底片常数精度可靠,用底片常数的均值计算目标位置,精度符合要求.结果验证了使用图像叠加方法探测GEO目标的可行性.     

存在非同步转动的双星演化模型

通过计算双星演化中的角动量转移,研究了潮汐作用下双星系统自转与公转周期的变化以及潮汐作用对双星演化的影响.结果表明,密近双星系统在主序演化时,潮汐摩擦会在较短的时间内使自转与公转达到比较接近的状态,此后经过一个较长时间的调整才能使自转与公转达到同步转动.物质交换阶段开始后,半相接双星系统更容易出现非同步转动,而相接双星系统物质交换很难破坏系统的同步状态.同时比较了非同步双星模型与同步双星模型演化曲线在赫罗图上的不同,结果表明非同步模型在物质交换阶段主星演化曲线向赫罗图光度和有效温度高的方向移动.最后通过对统计的观测数据进行分析后发现,采用该模型可以解释观测上双星超过潮汐锁定时标后仍然存在非同步转动的现象.     

木星探测轨道分析与设计

研究了与木星探测相关的轨道设计问题.重点关注木星探测轨道与火星、金星等类地行星探测轨道的不同及由此带来的轨道设计难点.首先分析了绕木星探测任务轨道的选择.建立近似模型讨论了向木星飞行需要借助多颗行星的多次引力辅助,对地木转移的多种行星引力辅助序列,使用粒子群算法搜索了2020年至2025年之间的燃料最省飞行方案并对比得到了向木星飞行较好的引力辅助方式为金星-地球-地球引力辅助.结合多任务探测,研究了航天器在飞向木星途中穿越主小行星带飞越探测小行星的轨道设计.最后,给出2023年发射完整的结合引力辅助与小行星多次飞越的木星探测轨道设计算例.     

自适应Kalman滤波用于实时求解原子钟运行参数

实时准确掌握原子钟运行情况,对卫星导航和守时工作来说有着重要意义.针对标准Kalman滤波实时求解原子钟运行参数存在的问题,提出了运用基于预报残差的自适应Kalman滤波模型实时求解钟参数.该模型在标准Kalman滤波模型基础上,构造了一个自适应因子,使得当原子钟在调频或调相后能较快地给出准确可靠的运行参数估值.最后结合导航和守时工作的3个算例,验证了该方法的有效性.     

泛函网络在导航卫星钟差中长期预报中的应用

为了更好地反映导航卫星钟差特性以及提高导航卫星钟差中长期预报精度,在对卫星原子钟差预报建模时,除考虑卫星原子钟频移、频漂和频漂率等物理性质外,还考虑了卫星钟差的周期性变化和随机性等特点.在传统多项式预报模型基础上,采用泛函网络对卫星钟差的周期项和随机项部分进行建模,利用GPS导航卫星钟差数据进行预报实验,并与传统的多项式模型、灰色系统模型、差分自回归滑动平均(ARIMA)模型以及Kalman滤波方法的预报结果进行比对,结果表明,基于泛函网络建立的混合预报模型能有效减小导航卫星钟差的中长期预报误差.     

非均匀喷流模型及其在BL Lac天体中的应用

在非均匀锥形喷流模型中,电子数密度、磁场强度随着到喷流顶点的距离呈幂律分布.该模型能成功解释活动星系核喷流核心区域的平谱射电辐射,但已有的模型计算只适用于喷流运动方向与视线夹角很大的情况,所以需要建立适用于任何视角情况的非均匀锥形喷流辐射计算公式.普遍认为BL Lac天体中喷流的运动方向与视线夹角很小,推广后的非均匀喷流模型拟合了3个BL Lac天体的射电观测谱,确定了它们喷流中电子数密度、磁场强度等物理参数.研究结果表明观测辐射谱拐折频率确定出锥形喷流离黑洞最近距离,对于这3个BL Lac天体,它们的锥形喷流离黑洞最近距离约为Schwarzschild半径.     

嫦娥二号伽玛射线谱仪

嫦娥二号卫星是我国继嫦娥一号卫星成功发射后的第2颗探月卫星,其上搭载的伽玛射线谱仪(Gamma-Ray Spectrometer,GRS)的主要科学目标是探测月表O、Si、Fe、Ti、U、Th、K、Mg、Al、Ca等主量元素.相比嫦娥一号伽玛射线谱仪,嫦娥二号的能量分辨率和探测效率都大大提高.描述了嫦娥二号伽玛射线谱仪的设计和性能测试结果以及在轨飞行的初步探测成果.     

Solar cycle distribution of major geomagnetic storms

We examine the solar cycle distribution of major geomagnetic storms (Dst ≤ -100 nT), including intense storms at the level of- 200 nT< Dst ≤-100 nT, great storms at -300 nT< Dst ≤-200 nT, and super storms at Dst ≤-300 nT, which occurred during the period of 1957-2006, based on Dst indices and smoothed monthly sunspot numbers. Statistics show that the majority (82%) of the geomagnetic storms at the level of Dst ≤-100 nT that occurred in the study period were intense geomagnetic storms, with 12.4% ranked as great storms and 5.6% as super storms. It is interesting to note that about 27% of the geomagnetic storms that occurred at all three intensity levels appeared in the ascending phase of a solar cycle, and about 73% in the descending one. Statistics also show that 76.9% of the intense storms, 79.6% of the great storms and 90.9% of the super storms occurred during the two years before a solar cycle reached its peak, or in the three years after it. The correlation between the size of a solar cycle and the percentage of major storms that occurred, during the period from two years prior to maximum to three years after it, is investigated. Finally, the properties of the multi-peak distribution for major geomagnetic storms in each solar cycle is investigated.     

Reflectance conversion methods for the VIS/NIR imaging spectrometer aboard the Chang’E-3 lunar rover: based on ground validation experiment data

The second phase of the Chang’E Program (also named Chang’E-3) has the goal to land and perform in-situ detection on the lunar surface. A VIS/NIR imaging spectrometer (VNIS) will be carried on the Chang’E-3 lunar rover to detect the distribution of lunar minerals and resources. VNIS is the first mission in history to perform in-situ spectral measurement on the surface of the Moon, the reflectance data of which are fundamental for interpretation of lunar composition, whose quality would greatly affect the accuracy of lunar element and mineral determination. Until now, in-situ detection by imaging spectrometers was only performed by rovers on Mars. We firstly review reflectance conversion methods for rovers on Mars (Viking landers, Pathfinder and Mars Exploration rovers, etc). Secondly, we discuss whether these conversion methods used on Mars can be applied to lunar in-situ detection. We also applied data from a laboratory bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) using simulated lunar soil to test the availability of this method. Finally, we modify reflectance conversion methods used on Mars by considering differences between environments on the Moon and Mars and apply the methods to experimental data obtained from the ground validation of VNIS. These results were obtained by comparing reflectance data from the VNIS measured in the laboratory with those from a standard spectrometer obtained at the same time and under the same observing conditions. The shape and amplitude of the spectrum fits well, and the spectral uncertainty parameters for most samples are within 8%, except for the ilmenite sample which has a low albedo. In conclusion, our reflectance conversion method is suitable for lunar in-situ detection.     

北海电信、移动"12121"分析

分析2004~2006年北海"12121"的拔打情况,探讨北海"12121"今后的发展方向,认为:结合本地特点,通过增加气象与渔业、种殖业、养殖业、旅游业的各种联系,丰富"12121"信箱内容,使"12121"可以作为深入推进气象为新农村建设服务的有力工具,进一步促进"12121"的发展。