西北太平洋边缘海的污染

位于海岸带强烈活动区的远东海区的特点是同时受到所有形态污染物质的污染.此外,远东海区处在全球性自然因素,如太平洋金属矿带、火山活动、大量深部物质通过上升流活动区被带出地表和强大的海流的影响下,整个污染物质组合对生物体的共同作用加深了负面的生态影响.     

石油烃污染对海洋浮游植物的影响

分析石油烃在海水中的存在形式及变化和对海洋浮游植物的影响,并对石油烃污染的防治对策和存在的问题提出见解,旨在为国内对海洋石油烃污染研究提供一些借鉴.     

海岛旅游开发的经济影响分析

随着社会结构和经济的转型,许多地区将发展旅游业作为调整经济增长模式和地区经济多元化战略的重要手段,这对于很多受资源限制而不能发展制造业的海岛地区来说就更为迫切。但从近几年海岛地区旅游业的发展情况来看,差异十分明显,不仅表现在发展模式上,地区经济发展、居民收入以及社会文化等方面,均表现出不同结果。在有的地区,旅游业的开发最终导致了居民生活水平的降低和社区犯罪率的激增。文章试图从经济角度分析海岛旅游发展中的关键要素和支撑条件,通过对比分析寻求海岛地区在开发旅游业时所应具备的基础以及在发展过程中所应注意的风险。     

BZ19—4海底混输管网优化算法探讨

以海洋油气开发工程为实例,利用HYSYS和PIPEFLOW软件,分析了影响海底混输管网计算的若干因素,指出了HYSYS和PIPEFLOW的适用条件,最终确立了海底混输管网优化算法,提高计算效率。     

波浪能发电工程的环境问题思考

波浪能发电技术在我国具有广阔的应用前景。文章介绍了波浪能发电工程对海洋及其附近环境可能造成的各种影响,认为通过对波浪能装置进行正确选址,波浪能发电将成为对海洋环境最友好的发电技术之一。     

我国围海造地影响评价研究现状

总结我国围海造地影响评价研究现状及评价工作的特点。我国围海造地评价工作的主要研究内容是围海造地对生态环境的影响评价,其中综合评价的研究相对较少;此外,评价工作多为理论研究,实例数据验证的较少。     

海冰对北极海冰边缘区大洋光学观测的影响评估

Diffuse attenuation coefficient(DAC) of sea water is an important parameter in ocean thermodynamics and biology, reflecting the absorption capability of sea water in different layers. In the Arctic Ocean, however, sea ice affects the radiance/irradiance measurements of upper ocean, which results in obvious errors in the DAC calculation. To better understand the impacts of sea ice on the ocean optics observations, a series of in situ experiments were carried out in the summer of 2009 in the southern Beaufort Sea. Observational results show that the profiles of spectral diffuse attenuation coefficients of seawater near ice cover within upper surface of 50 m were not contaminated by the sea ice with a solar zenith angle of 55°, relative azimuth angle of 110°≤φ≤115° and horizontal distance between the sensors and ice edge of greater than 25 m. Based on geometric optics theory, the impact of ice cover could be avoided by adjusting the relative solar azimuth angle in a particular distance between the instrument and ice. Under an overcast sky, ice cover being 25 m away from sensors did not affect the profiles of spectral DACs within the upper 50 m either. Moreover, reliable spectral DACs of seawater could be obtained with sensors completely covered by sea ice.     

潜艇内人员质量对重力梯度探测影响分析

潜艇在水下进行重力梯度探测与导航过程中,利用重力梯度仪测量所在位置的重力梯度张量来感知周边海底地形起伏以及规避障碍物,由于潜艇中人员具有一定的质量,人员在理论上会对重力梯度测量值产生影响.为分析人员质量对重力梯度测量的影响,将人体简化为立方体模型,计算人体在潜艇内不同高度处的重力梯度异常分布情况,分析其对重力梯度探测的...     

黄河清水沟叶瓣水下三角洲演变过程

对黄河口30多年来的叶瓣演变过程进行了详细研究。利用遥感假彩色合成解译历年岸线和流路河道变化,利用1976—2005多年的水深数据,定量分析了清水沟叶瓣水下三角洲堆积体不同时段的冲淤变化过程。将水下三角洲堆积体的演变过程划分为4个阶段,即多淤积中心阶段→单一稳定淤积阶段→缓慢淤积阶段→淤积—侵蚀同时发生阶段,证明黄河口三角洲堆积体演变过程对流路演化的阶段性有很好的响应关系。同时对清水沟水下三角洲演化的影响因素进行了分析。     

A preliminary study of variations of the Changjiang Diluted Water between August of 1999 and 2006

A large area hypoxia has been already reported respectively by two interdisciplinary surveys off the Changjiang Estuary since summer of 1999 and 2006. The hypoxic zone shows distinct year-to-year variations. Observed oceanographic data are first analysized and reveal a big difference for the Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) between these two periods. These great changes are related to the tremendous reduction of the freshwater discharge and variations of wind fields between these two years. It is also found that the monthly mean intrusion of Kuroshio and its branches has increased in the northern East China Sea (ECS), but decreased in the southern ECS in August of 2006 as compared with 1999 on the base of general circulation models. Then, the Regional Ocean Modelling Systems is applied to the East China Sea to evaluate the contributions and relative importance of impacts from the river discharge, wind forcing and open boundary data. Our simulations reproduce the phenomena that more fresh water extends northeastward in 2006 and forms a negative SSS anomaly to the northeast of the river mouth as compared with 1999, which is consistent with observations. The five group numerical tests suggest that the wind forcing dominates the CDW variations followed by the Kuroshio and its branches. The study implies important roles played by hydrodynamic processes on the variability of hypoxic zone in the study areas.