Morphological Evolution and Its Response to the Navigational Improvements in the North Passage,Yangtze Estuary

By use of bathymetric chart,recent change of the riverbed in the North Passage of the Yangtze Estuary has been studied in this paper.The main channel of the upper,middle and lower(section)in the North Passage has been successively eroded and its groin field significantly deposited.At the same time,sediment has been deposited on the entrance region.Erosion and deposition had responded rapidly to the construction of the regulation engineering.There was about one year duration of lagging between erosion in the deep channel and the construction of the regulation engineering.The siltation lag of time in the groin field varied with the initial depth,but the average deposited thickness was about 0.5 m per year.Volumetric analysis demonstrates that there is a increasing trend of siltation in the North Passage after 2002,because of the difference in duration and quantity between erosion in the deep channel and deposition in the groin field.The water volume of the North Passage was reduced by ≈9%(280 million m3)between 2002 and 2006.Sediment budget reveals that the main sediment deposited in the North Passage takes its source from the river and the ocean.The decreasing water volume was attributable to shoaling in the groin field.Its triggering factors for increased sedimentation are the navigational improvements(jetties and groins)after 1998,which altered the passage boundary and destroyed the equilibrium state on the average ebb and flood sediment fluxes.The establishment of a stable estuary is attributed to a reduction in depth of the groin field.The forecast on the sediment deposition quantity and continuous infilling time in the groin system is about 325×106m3 and 6～7 years,respectively.     

A Study on Crack Detection with Modal Parameters of A Jacket Platform

Crack detection procedures by different modal parameters are analyzed for identitying a crack and its location and magnitude in a jacket plafform. The first ten natural frequencies and modal shapes of the jacket models are obtained by numerical experiments based on NASTRAN Code. A crack at different locations and of different magnitudes is imposed in the model at the underwater beams. Then, the modal evaluation parameters are calculated numerically, to illustrate the evaluation of modal parameter criteria used in jacket crack detection. The sensitivities of different modal parameters to different cracks are analyzed. A new technique is presented for predicting the approximate location of a breakage in the absence of the data of an intact model. This method can be used to detect a crack in underwater menbers by use of incomplete mode shapes of the top members of the jacket.     

Datasonics声学背散射系统的改进技术

本文阐述了我国首次引进的一套水体声学探测系统在应用中存在的问题,并给出了具体改进的方法。改进后的系统已用于一九八九年六月在大连进行的倾废实验,并得到了满意的结果。     

基于不同声波频率的底泥探测技术研究

声学技术是水下勘探的主要技术手段,研究典型工况下主要声学设备声波频率与其底泥穿透能力的关系,将为改进底泥分层探测方案和声学设备的选取提供技术依据。本文在典型水域(滨海、河道、水库)应用不同声波频率进行定点底泥穿透深度试验,并在同一点利用定深采样钻采集底泥柱状样,以5～10 cm间隔分层并检测每层含水率,以含水率为指标对底泥进行分类,最后,对底泥柱状样本和声波底泥穿透深度结果进行对比分析。结果表明,12～33 k Hz频段声波可穿透河床到达浮泥、流泥层。在滨海水域中,低频声波可穿透部分淤泥层,且频率越低,穿透深度越大。12 k Hz频率的双频换能器相比24 k Hz和33 k Hz具有更强的穿透能力,可满足对浮泥、流泥及部分淤泥层的探测。     

实验室模拟海水结冰装置与试验

研究海冰的声学探测技术需要实际海冰和低温环境。介绍了设计制造模拟海水结冰的试验装置的方法。采用人工制冷技术在实验室环境下实现了封闭容器里海水表面冻结一定厚度的海冰。试验结果表明，将容器中接近冰点的海水持续冻结32h后，海冰的厚度达到20cm。对容器里的海冰进行了声波信号探测冰水界面的试验，为测冰声呐技术研究和测冰试验创造了有利条件。     

多模光导纤维光学声探测

The phase modulation of a laser beam in single mode fiber by pre sure-induced refractive index variations produced by an acoustic wave propagating in a fluid has been studied in detail by many workers. This paper describes the phase modulation principle of a laser beam in multimode fiber by presure-induced refractive index variations produ ted by an acoustical wave,and it’s experimental results. The construction of producing the fixed phase difference and the modulation index in a multimode fiber is different from in a single mode fiber.But both results of sound detection are the same.     

A Review About SAR Technique for Shallow Water Bathymetry Surveys

Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)has become one of the important tools for shallow water bathymetry surveys.This has significant economic efficiency compared with the traditional bathymetry surveys.Numerical models have been developed to simulate shallow water bathymetry SAR images.Inversion of these models makes it possible to assess the water depths from SAR images.In this paper,these numerical models of SAR technique are reviewed,and examples are illustrated including in the coastal areas of China.Some issues about SAR technique available and the research orientation in future are also discussed.     

海洋短波组网通信自动选频

【目的】快速、准确地选出海洋短波组网通信的可通频率。【方法】在现有信道设备具有全频段信号捕获与接收处理能力的基础上,以实时频率质量探测结果和网络连通性为选频依据,设计一种全网节点参与的短波全频段自动选频方案。【结果】通过仿真验证,该方案可以高效地为所有参与组网的节点选出可用的频率。【结论】该方案可有效解决海洋短波组网通信系统的选频问题,确保短波通信在船舶远洋航行、海洋石油开采以及海难救灾抢险等工作中能够稳定的发挥信息保障作用。     

利用二维活断层探测资料构建焦作地区浅层三维构造模型

运用专业地震解释及构造建模软件，综合利用焦作地区地震数据、钻孔数据、地质信息对活断层二维浅层地震剖面进行层位与断层解释，同时对断层平面组合与空间展布规律进行研究，实现地质资料与地震数据的有机结合，构建近地表Q₃地层底界面、Q地层底界面、N地层底界面分布模型和第四纪断层模型。以第四纪断层模型为基本骨架，以近地表地层分布为主要分层，模拟Q-Q₃地质体、N-Q地质体的构造形态和断层发育情况，系统反映近地表N地层底界面至Q₃地层底界面的空间结构特征。