多年冻土地区建筑物地基的热稳定性技术

Thermal stabilization of soils (including freezing of thawed soils and cooling of permafrost) is known to be the effective method providing stable support for buildings and structures in cold regions.Seasonal thermo-stabilizers (STS) are mainly used in construction. The predicted climate warming because of natural and man-caused factors determines wide application of STS in permafrost regions. A STS transfers heat from its underground part (evaporator) to the aerial part (condenser) owing to natural temperature difference between them during a cold season. We have been working out and manufacturing different types of two-phase, vapor-liquid STS. Aluminum alloys are used in our STS to prevent corrosion and to increase their efficiency. They are successfully used in the northern regions of Western Siberia, in particular, at the railway Obskaya Bovanenkovo. The paper presents some technical parameters of new STS, the results of their experimental study and computer simulation, as well as experience features.     

多年冻土地区金刚石矿的环境问题--以Yakutia 西北部Anabar矿为例

Placer diamond mining in the Anabar area involves various operations that cause long-term (nearly a quarter of a century) environmental impacts. The long history of mining activities, the technology used to mine the placers, as well as the poor assimilative capacity of the natural systems can result in serious environmental impacts in the area. The primary geochemical processes in the diamond-bearing area are affected by the occurrence of permafrost and relict ice, the lengthy duration of ice cover in water bodies, and the widespread development of cryogenic processes. This promotes physical migration of contaminants, cryogenic metamorphization of waters, and long-term accumulation of organic contaminants in low-temperature, reduction and sedimentation barriers. In this paper, some environmental and geochemical effects of diamond mining in the Arctic area are discussed.     

莺歌海盆地成因及其大地构造意义

莺歌海盆地位于南海西北部 ,属 NW走向红河断裂带向南海海域的延伸。本文通过对盆地结构、沉降特征和构造 -沉积迁移过程的研究 ,提出莺歌海盆地在始新世—早渐新世期间属左旋扭张性断陷盆地 ,晚渐新世—早中新世的盆地演化阶段受到红河断裂带的左行剪切运动影响。莺歌海盆地的形成和演化历史反映了印藏板块碰撞过程对南海形成演化的影响历史     

中国的重复性地震事件

从1985年到2000年间，中国及其邻近地区大约10％的地震事件属于重复性地震事件，并且彼此间不超过1km。我们对约14000个地震和爆炸的地震图做互相关，计算了相对到时约0．01 s，并使横向定位精度达到了100m～300m。这样的精度对于地震危险性研究、地震物理、禁止核试验的核查都非常重要。通过对已有的资料重复性信号的识别和测量，提高了定位精度，改进了在读取初至到时和定位方面目前程序的不精确性。     

由大地测量数据得到的犹他州沃萨奇断层带的全新世滑动速率：地震周期效应

在美国西部盆地山脉省的东部地区，GPS数据确定了一个宽大的现代变形带。使用覆盖在粘弹性下地壳／上地幔之上的弹性上地壳的有限元模型并结合地震周期效应，我们指出这些数据与现今的断层滑动集中在沃萨奇断层带上的模型是一致的。模拟的水平扩展速度是3．0～4．5mm／a，这也与全新世的地质数据相一致。这些模型是非一的，部分原因是大部分沃萨奇断层都处于地震周期的后期阶段，而这一时期跨断层的地表速度梯度均较低。     

2003年10月首都圈地区ML≥2.0地震动态

根据中国地震局分析预报中心提供的资料 ,2 0 0 3年 1 0月华北地区 ( 33 0°～ 4 2 0°N ,1 1 1 0°～ 1 2 5 0°E)共发生ML≥ 3 0地震 7次 (见表 1 ) ,2日 0 8时 4 1分宁晋ML3 7地震是本月最显著的事件。本月地震频次高于上月。参考 1 992年以来的月平均地震频次 ,1 0月处于中等偏低水平 ,地震活动月能量释放处于偏低状态。震中分布在山西霍山山前断裂、辽宁北票 朝阳断裂、河北桃园断裂带北段以及河北、河南和山东交界处的汤山、长垣、束鹿 宁晋及聊城 兰考断裂带附近。表 1　 2 0 0 3年 10月华北地区ML≥ 3 0地震序号发　震　时　…     

东濮凹陷白庙地区天然气及凝析油地球化学特征及成因

白庙构造是东濮凹陷南部地区的一个含凝析油的富气构造.在研究油藏基本地质特征的基础上,应用多种地球化学手段研究了气藏中天然气组分、甲烷同位素及惰性气体同位素变化规律、凝析油族组成、饱和烃色谱、色质生物标志物特征,进行了油气源分析,探讨了气藏的形成时间与次序,白庙气藏具有多源、多期、复合成藏的特点.     

The Present Space-Time Motion and Deformation Features of the Northeastern Margin of the Qinghai-Xizang（Tibet） Block and Its Adjacent Area

On the basis of Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA), and considering the moderate intrusion of specific block boundaries to different extents, the first-order block motion model is established for the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) block and the kinematical model for depicting deformation of small regions as well by using GPS observations of three periods (1991, 1999 and 2001). By simulating, we obtained the motion features of the firstorder blocks between the large WWN faults on the sides of the studied region, the distribution features of the principal strain rate field and the inhomogeneous motion features with spacetime of the faults in the northern boundary of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) block.     

The Rotational Structure along the Eastern Segment of the Altyn Tagh Fault and Its Implications in Dynamics

As a result of the left-lateral strike-slipping of the Altyn Tagh fault in Neotectonic period, a contra-rotational structure, namely the Zhaobishan vortex structure, has developed at the juncture of the main Altyn Tagh fault and the northern fringe fault of the Qilian Mountains.Preliminary analysis on the deformation and evolution of the Zhaobishan vortex structure. In combination with the previous data, suggests that the tectonic transform between the Altyn Tagh fault and the northern fringe fault of the Qilian Mountains attributes to the deformation of the rotational structure. The existence of a series of rotational structures along the Altyn Tagh fault and on the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet) plateau indicate that as the substance in the northern Qinghal-Xizang (Tibet) plateau moves clockwise around the eastern tectonic knot of the Himalayas, rotational structures become the principal mode on the northern marginal zone of the Plateau of transforming and absorbing tectonic deformation.     

Features of the M7.9 Earthquake in the Russia- Mongolia- China Boundary Region

At 19:33 p. m on September 27, 2003, an earthquake with M7.9 occurred in the RussiaMongolia-China boundary Region. It was strongly felt in the Altay region of Xinjiang. The losses caused by the earthquake was 76 million yuan (RMB). Some information about the earthquake was outlined, including basic parameters, focal mechanism, evaluation of earthquake disaster losses and so on. The satellite remote sensing information worked initial analysis for deformation of ground and failure phenomenon.