金矿之下的超级鱼龙

在中生代的海洋当中,生活着许多神奇的海生爬行动物,其中以鱼龙、蛇颈龙和沧龙三大家族最为著名。鱼龙的化石在全世界都有发现,其中就包括了位于北美洲内陆的一座金矿之下,金矿之下可是一座壮观的巨型鱼龙坟墓!     

赣东北樟树墩早侏罗世水北组碎屑锆石研究及其地质意义

赣东北樟树墩地区早侏罗世盆地处于江南造山带东南缘,揭示盆地沉积物质来源对于认识和探讨周缘早中生代造山事件和古地理格局具有重要意义。对樟树墩早侏罗世盆地开展了岩相学、碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素研究。结果表明: 盆地为类磨拉石建造与内陆湖沼含煤建造,碎屑锆石年龄跨度大(2 431~263 Ma),未出现同沉积或准同沉积的碎屑锆石; 碎屑锆石年龄呈现极强的早古生代峰值(420~380 Ma,ε_Hf(t)为-10.7~-3.0, T_DM^C为2.08~1.58 Ga)、弱的新元古代峰值(858~663 Ma,ε_Hf(t)为-18.8~-6.7, T_DM^C为2.79~2.09 Ga)和晚古生代峰值(370~355 Ma),另有少量早中生代((263±5) Ma)、中—古元古代(2 431~1 224 Ma)碎屑锆石记录。碎屑锆石年龄和Hf同位素组成与华夏地块西北武夷山地区所出露地质体组成相似,而与扬子东南缘地质体组成存在显著差异,其碎屑物质主要来自陆内西北武夷山地区前寒武纪基底和古生代地质体,少量碎屑物质可能来源于浙西北地区,具有被动型大陆边缘盆地沉积特征。综合区域上早中生代盆地研究成果,认为江南造山带东段景德镇—黄山东南在早—中侏罗世并未整体隆升剥蚀,华南内陆中生代的构造-岩浆活动是其周缘多板块俯冲汇聚的构造响应,晚三叠世—早侏罗世古太平洋板块向东亚大陆的俯冲造成华南东南部隆升,使其开始为内陆盆地提供物源,至早—中侏罗世之交构造体制转换为古太平洋板块的俯冲消减。     

Heterogenous zircons from Mesozoic igneous rocks in the North China Craton and their tectonic implications

Based on a synthesis of zircon inheritance from Mesozoic igneous rocks in the eastern portion of the North China Craton (NCC) , it is proposed that inherited zircons with Neoproterozoic ages identified from these rocks are of a heterogenous derivation from the Yangtze /South China block, rather than from the NCC itself. The mechanism that introduces these zircons incorporated into the NCC is likely by tectonic underplating during the Triassic continental subduction of the Yangtze block beneath the NCC. Tectonic addition of abundant crustal materials represented by the heterogenous zircons into the NCC, probably along Moho or weak interfaces within the NCC's crust, led to the crustal thickening in the NCC. These heterogenous materials, either as ( partial) source rocks or as contaminants of the magmas generated during an extension environment following the crustal thickening, were reworked and therefore have significant contribution to petrogenesis of the Mesozoic igneous rocks. The crustal thickening resulted from the tectonic underplating, as indicated by the distribution extent of the heterogenous zircons, is spatially similar to that of the lithospheric thinning, with both mainly occurring in the eastern segment of the NCC. This is probably suggestive of an intrinsic relation between the thickening and thinning events during the Mesozoic evolution of the NCC.     

芬诺斯堪的亚地循中部Skellefte和Pohijanmaa地区后生金矿床的金属…

测定了瑞典北部和芬兰中部３个地区的早元古代金矿床中方铅矿的铅同位素组分。该矿床的主岩的一系列瑞士芬期岩石（１８７０－１８９０Ｍａ），它包括位于瑞典Ｓｋｅｌｌｅｆｔｅ地区岛弧内的火山沉积序列以及Ｊｏｒｎ地区（瑞典）和Ｐｏｈｊａｎｍａａ地区（芬兰的Ⅰ型曲闪岩。该矿是与两面芬期岩石有关的后生矿床，并且是含金成矿带的一部分。该成矿带平行于矿古代地体的西南缘，延伸６００ｋｍ。虽然它们对瑞芬期岩石来说是后生的     

溧水盆地两类晚中生代中酸性火山岩的岩石成因

下扬子地区溧水盆地晚中生代中酸性火山岩的元素-同位素地球化学分析结果显示,区域上存在同期的两类准铝质高钾钙碱性中酸性火山岩。第1类以龙王山组粗面安山岩为代表,它们在空间上与玄武岩共生,SiO2含量为58.0%~58.9%,富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb=104×10-6~117×10-6,Ba=651×10-6~695×10-6)及LREE(如Ce=47.4×10-6~49.0×10-6),强烈亏损Nb_Ta,基本无Eu异常或弱异常(Eu/Eu=0.87~1.01,平均值为0.95),和同期玄武岩具有非常相似的Sr和Nd同位素比值[87Sr/86Sr(i)=0.70551~0.70557;εNd(t)=-3.6~-2.9],为同期基性岩浆经历了角闪石 斜长石 磷灰石分离结晶作用的产物。第2类火山岩由大王山组粗面岩组成,其SiO2含量为61.9%~66.4%,MgO变化在1.07%~2.56%之间,表现出与龙王山组中酸性火山岩类似的微量元素元素特征,但具更高的K2O、Rb、Th、REE、HFSE和低的FeOT、TiO2、P2O5、CaO、Sr和相容元素含量,较龙王山组基性火山岩具高Sr和低Nd同位素比值[87Sr/86Sr(i)=0.70663~0.70813;εNd(t)=-7.7~-4.8],其高钾、准铝质的英安岩成分特征难以通过地壳部分熔融作用来解释,而相对同期基性火山岩高Sr而低Nd的同位素组成反映它们为玄武质岩浆在上升过程中受到大陆上地壳物质同化混染作用(AFC)的产物。     

湘赣地洼型煤田中岩浆岩的岩石学及地球化学特征

地槽区、地台区和地洼区岩浆岩的特征,前人已有总结。在湘赣地区湖南资兴、江西萍乡、丰城、乐平等地的几个地洼型煤田中,常见有基性、中性和酸性岩岩体侵入到中生代含煤地层或煤层中,多形成岩脉和岩床,部分地区有酸性一基性岩浆喷发,形成数米至数百米厚的火山喷出岩覆盖在含煤地层上。在以往的煤田地质工作中,对侵入含煤地层中的岩浆研究较少。本文拟对资兴中平洞、唐洞、萍乡青山、丰城攸洛、乐平横路、景德镇北安等地洼型煤矿区岩浆岩的岩石学和地球化学特征作初步探讨。     

沉积岩中镁钠闪石石棉矿物的初步研究

Alkali amphibole asbestus is widely distributed in a Mesozoic terrestrial redbed.Preliminary mineralogical study shows that it belongs to magnesian riebeckite asbestus. The mineral contains higher Na, Mg and Fe^3 , lower Al, and is well comparable with that of typical magnesian riebeckite asbestus in chemical composition. A comparasion between the methods used for calculating the crystallochemical formula of amphibole indicatesthat the structural characteristics of amphibole can be best brought out if a total catian number of 15, i.e., x y z=15, is taken as the factor for magnesian riebeckite. The infrared spectra for fibrous magnesian riebeckite exhibit two definite absorption bands. The firat one is at 850--1250 cm^-1, involving several minor bands due to the valency vibration of Si--O, with maximum values of 975,1025, 1080cm^-1 respectively. The second absorption band which is attributable to the distortional vibration of Si--O--Si, is detected at 350--600cm^-1, with a maximum value of 440cm^-2. Optically, its refractien iadices bacrease with increasing transition elements, especiany the ratio of Mg/Mg Fe^2 Fe^3 Mn. A distinct exothermic effect is observed between 350--400℃, indicating the oxidation of Fe^3 to Fe^3 . A deep endothermic valley between 970--1020℃ can be attributed to the melting of magnesian riebeckite and the formation of new minerals. The auther oonsideres that fibrous magnesian riebeckite is crystallized in favorable accumulation strata from a Na-, Mg-, Fe-rich silicate colloidal solution that has been derived from country rocks by some alkline ground water duringg the process of sedimentation and diagenesis in terrestrial saline carbonate muds. Magnesian riebeckite formed at terrestrial carbonate saline formations promises to be a potentially important genesis type for alkali amphiboles.