Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution in northern Korean Peninsula

Since Late Proterozoic era, the Korean Peninsula has been evolved into a state with relatively stable regions and orogenic belts which were developed differently each other. The Late Paleozoie （Late Carboniferous-Early Triassic） sediments are well developed in the Korean Peninsula, and called the Pyongan System. The Pyongan System from Late Carboniferous to Lower Triassic is distributed in the Pyongnan and Hyesan-Riwon Basins, and Rangrim Massif, and divided into Hongjom （ C2 ）, Ripsok （ C2 ）, Sadong （ C2-P1 ）, Kobangsan and Rokam （Taezhawon） （P2-T1） sequences. The sediments of the Tumangang Orogenic Belt are called Tuman System which is composed of the Amgi Series, consisting of elastic formation with mafic effusive material, overlaid by the Kyeryongsan Series, consisting mainly of marie volcano sediments. The Songsang Series which rests on the Kyeryongsan Series mainly consists of elastic formation with minor felsic effusive material. In the Tumangang Orogenic Belt the tectonic movement, called Tumangang Tectonic Movement, occurred in the Lower Permian-Lower Triassic.     

加蓬海岸盆地南、北次盆成藏特征对比

加蓬海岸盆地属于被动大陆边缘盆地。盆地沉积盖层主要由白垩系、古近系和新近系组成,沉积地层组合具有明显的三分性,包括早白垩世盐下层系、早白垩世晚期阿普特期盐膏层和晚白垩世至新近纪盐上层系。根据目前的油气发现,北加蓬主要富集盐上油气资源,南加蓬主要富集盐下油气资源。从构造沉积背景、油气地质条件、油气发现规模、油气平面分布、油气勘探潜力5方面对南、北次盆进行对比,分析南、北次盆的油气聚集差异,结合勘探现状分析其勘探潜力,并指出南加蓬次盆勘探难点为圈闭识别,北加蓬次盆的勘探难点是砂体预测。     

大倾角煤层分层综采再生顶板破断规律研究

针对大倾角厚软煤层下分层安全综采问题,结合淮南矿区潘北煤矿1212（3）大倾角厚软煤层分层综采下分层工作面地质与工程条件,综合运用基于数字散斑、声发射监测与分布式光纤传感技术的物理模拟试验、基于煤系地层赋存禀赋建模技术的数值模拟试验相结合的研究手段,开展了下分层开采再生顶板破断倾向分区演化、再生岩体变形声发射能量与光纤应变响应规律及应力分布特征研究。结果表明：再生顶板破断由其破断岩块滑移、低中位悬臂梁和高位铰接岩梁断裂组成,双梁破断是引起下分层支架失稳的关键所在。下分层中上部双梁破断声发射能量呈高度聚集且持续时间短,光纤感知低位悬臂梁破断且中上部光纤应变峰值高,下分层中上部是支架与再生顶板稳定性控制的重点区域。下分层下部再生顶板破断岩块充填密实且粒径小,是架间与架前岩块漏冒多发区域。下分层再生顶板中形成高应力组成的应力拱,距采空区高度约30 m,双梁破断主要发生在拱内,拱中岩体破断对支架具有一定的冲垮作用。     

Distribution Characteristics of Effective Source Rocks and Their Control on Hydrocarbon Accumulation: A Case Study from the Dongying Sag, Eastern China

The exploration conducted in the Bohai Bay basin, eastern China has demonstrated that the abundant petroleum resources have close affinities to the hydrocarbon kitchen with rich organic matter. A number of oil-generating associations with various characteristics of organic geochemistry and assemblages of multiple reservoir facies are developed due to the multi-center sedimentation, multi-source supply and multi-cycle evolution of filling, which have resulted in the formation of multiple oil and gas accumulation zones of various layers and trap styles. Among them the Paleogene Shahejie Formation is the most important hydrocarbon accumulation combination in the Dongying sag. Heretofore, its proved reserve has reached nearly 1.8×109t, which accounts for more than 90% of the total proved reserves of the Dongying sag. Based on previous studies, more than 600 source rock samples and 186 crude oil samples of the Shahejie Formation, collected from 30 oilfields, have been treated with organic geochemical testing     

海岛礁光学和雷达影像基于改进非子采样小波变换的自动配准

Homologous feature point extraction is a key problem in the optical and synthetic aperture radar （SAR） image registration for islands. A new feature point extraction method using a threshold shrink operator and non-subsampled wavelet transform （TSO-NSWT） for optical and SAR image registration was proposed. Moreover, the matching for this proposed feature was different from the traditional feature matching strategies and was performed using a similarity measure computed from neighborhood circles in low-frequency bands. Then, a number of reliably matched couples with even distributions were obtained, which assured the accuracy of the registration. Application of the proposed algorithm to SPOT-5 （multi-spectral） and YG-1 （SAR） images showed that a large number of accurately matched couples could be identified. Additionally, both of the root mean square error （RMSE） patterns of the registration parameters computed based on the TSO-NSWT algorithm and traditional NSWT algorithm were analyzed and compared, which further demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The algorithm can supply the crucial step for island image registration and island recognition.     

下扬子下寒武统岩相古地理及烃源岩条件研究

以下扬子下寒武统为研究对象,利用野外露头、岩心、岩石微观分析、有机地球化学等资料,在地层对比基础上,开展了下扬子下寒武统岩相古地理研究及烃源岩条件评价。结果表明：下扬子下寒武统主要发育硅质岩、硅质泥页岩、碳质泥页岩、灰质泥页岩、泥灰岩、白云岩6种岩石类型;地层可划分为3段,其中安吉-石台-上海地区三段发育齐全,其他地区一段大部分缺失,二段存在不同程度缺失;沉积相主要发育盆地、陆棚、斜坡、台地边缘、局限台地5种类型;烃源岩主要分布于石台-安吉、滁州-盐城、德兴-桐庐盆地相及周边陆棚相,石台-安吉地区是烃源岩发育最有利区,泥岩厚度300~700m,TOC为3%~9%,平均4.5%~5.76%;德兴-桐庐地区泥岩厚度200~400m,TOC为3%~9%,平均4.96%;滁州-盐城凹陷泥岩厚度50~200m,TOC为2%~4%。下扬子下寒武统烃源岩干酪根类型全部为Ⅰ型,有机质组分主要为腐泥组,以藻类体为主,含少量腐泥无定形体。下扬子下寒武统烃源岩均处于过成熟演化阶段,总体上由皖南盆地区向两侧台地逐渐降低,九江、景德镇、黄山及开化淳安地区受火山岩影响Ro在4.0%以上;安庆-溧阳-南通以南,湖州-苏州以西处于盆地、陆棚及斜披部位,埋深大,Ro为3.0%~4.0%;潜山、南陵、无为、金坛及苏北中新生代凹陷由于后期埋深较大,Ro在3.0%以上;其他区域Ro为2.0%~3.0%。     

塔东地区上奥陶统层序地层特征

通过大量的地震、钻井、录井、测井等资料分析,针对塔里木东部地区(简称塔东地区)上奥陶统进行了层序地层和沉积学方面的研究,结果表明,塔东地区上奥陶统可识别出1个二级层序、3个三级层序,自下而上分别是层序SQ1、SQ2和SQ3。层序SQ1识别出TST体系域,为一套深水盆地沉积,发育深水盆地、浊流沉积;层序SQ2可三分为LST、TST和HST体系域,LST体系域发育海退背景下的陆架边缘三角洲沉积,TST体系域为快速水进期,发育海相泥岩沉积,HST发育高水位滨岸沉积;SQ3发育浅海沉积,主要为三角洲—滨岸沉积体系。地层层序发育和沉积相分布受控于构造运动、沉积物源供给和相对海平面升降3个因素。3套层序的划分明确了塔东地区上奥陶统潜在的源岩层、储层和盖层的分布,其中层序SQ1为有利的烃源岩层、SQ2陆架边缘三角洲是潜在的有利储层,SQ3发育的滨岸砂岩为已经证实的油气藏。     

下扬子区下古生界油气有利勘探区带探讨

下扬子区下古生界具有良好的油气地质条件,具备形成大型油气藏的物质基础,但一直未获得油气勘探的突破。本文通过地质、地球物理综合解释,结合部分地质露头、钻井资料及上扬子勘探成果,重点对下扬子区下古生界构造地质特征与油气地质条件等开展了综合分析研究。从构造沉积充填角度将下扬子区分为4个二级构造单元,中部地区的无锡-黄山断隆带构造相对稳定,分析认为其西北部的无锡-黄桥低褶带为油气勘探的有利区带,具有形成下古生界弱改造型油气藏的勘探前景。     

下刚果—刚果扇盆地断裂特征及其对油气成藏的影响

下刚果—刚果扇盆地油气资源丰富、油气成藏条件优越。但由于受到盐岩的活动及区域构造应力场的作用,形成了复杂的断裂系统。此文系统分析了下刚果—刚果扇盆地的断裂特征及其对油气成藏的影响,研究认为该区平面上主要发育5个断裂带,纵向上主要发育上下两套断裂系统。断裂的形成和演化可分为三个期次,相对应可将断层分为三个级别的断层。断层的形成机制主要有盐活动及盐构造、重力滑脱作用以及古地貌格局。烃源岩的排烃时间与第三期断层活动时间相匹配,非常有利于油气沿断层进行垂向和斜侧向运移。分析认为研究区主要发育沿断阶带—碳酸盐岩运聚成藏模式、沿断层垂向运聚成藏模式以及沿盐下砂体—盐窗和Focus点运聚成藏模式共三种成藏模式。断层封堵较好,油源断层高度决定了油气运移高度和油气田规模,直接控制着油气的分布层系及规模。研究成果可指导研究区或类似地区的油气勘探。