湖南康家湾矿区地下水位的潮汐变化特征

康家湾铅锌矿区存在两个主要含水层,即上部含水层（Ｉ）和下部含水层（Ⅱ）,上部含水层富水性相对较弱,下部富水性较强,上下两层之间无水力联系。通过安装自记水位仪,发现下部含水层水位历时曲线具有日周期和月周期变化规律。通过介绍水位微动变化及其形成条件、产生原因等,试图从另一侧面认识和研究矿区水文地质条件,矿床开采技术条件等。     

Sampling soil water along the pF curve for δ2H and δ18O analysis

Soil water stable isotopes are widely used across disciplines (e.g., hydrology, ecology, soil science, and biogeochemistry). However, the full potential of stables isotopes as a tool for characterizing the origin, flow path, transport processes and residence times of water in different eco-, hydro-, and geological compartments has not yet been exploited. This is mainly due to the large variety of different methods for pore water extraction. While recent work has shown that matric potential affects the equilibrium fractionation, little work has examined how different water retention characteristics might affect the sampled water isotopic composition. Here, we present a simple laboratory experiment with two well-studied standard soils differing in their physico-chemical properties (e.g., clayey loam and silty sand). Samples were sieved, oven-dried and spiked with water of known isotopic composition to full saturation. For investigating the effect of water retention characteristics on the extracted water isotopic composition, we used pressure extractors to sample isotopically labelled soil water along the pF curve. After pressure extraction, we further extracted the soil samples via cryogenic vacuum extraction. The null hypothesis guiding our work was that water held at different tensions shows the same isotopic composition. Our results showed that the sampled soil water differed isotopically from the introduced isotopic label over time and sequentially along the pF curve. Our and previous studies suggest caution in interpreting isotope results of extracted soil water and a need to better characterize processes that govern isotope fractionation with respect to soil water retention characteristics. In the future, knowledge about soil water retention characteristics with respect to soil water isotopic composition could be applied to predict soil water fractionation effects under natural and non-stationary conditions. In this regard, isotope retention characteristics as an analog to water retention characteristics have been proposed as a way forward since matric potential affects the equilibrium fractionation between the bound water and the water vapour.     

Mineralization age and sources of ore‐forming material of the Nanmushu Zn‐Pb deposit in the Micangshan Tectonic Belt at the northern margin of the Yangtze Craton,China: Constraints from Rb‐Sr dating and Sr‐Pb isotopes

The Nanmushu Zn‐Pb deposit, hosted by the Neoproterozoic Dengying Formation dolostone, is located in the eastern part of the Micangshan tectonic belt at the northern margin of the Yangtze Craton, China. This study involves a systematic field investigation, detailed mineralogical study, and Rb‐Sr and Pb isotopic analyses of the deposit. The results of Rb‐Sr isotopic dating of coexisting sphalerite and galena yield an isochron age of 486.7 ± 3.1 Ma, indicating the deposit was formed during the Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician. This mineralization age is interpreted to be related to the timing of destruction of the paleo‐oil reservoir in the Micangshan tectonic belt. All initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of sphalerite and galena (0.70955–0.71212) fall into the range of the Mesoproterozoic Huodiya Group basement rocks (0.70877–0.71997) and Dengying Formation sandstone (0.70927–0.71282), which are significantly higher than those of Cambrian Guojiaba Formation limestone (0.70750–0.70980), Cambrian Guojiaba Formation carbonaceous slate (0.70766–0.71012), and Neoproterozoic Dengying Formation dolostone (0.70835–0.70876). Such Sr isotope signatures suggest that the ore strontium was mainly derived from a mixed source, and both of the Huodiya Group basement rocks and Dengying Formation sandstone were involved in ore formation. Both sphalerite and galena are characterized by an upper‐crustal source of lead (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 17.849–18.022, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 15.604–15.809, and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 37.735–38.402), and their Pb isotopes are higher than, but partly overlap with, those of the Huodiya Group basement rocks, but differ from those of the Guojiaba and Dengying Formations. This suggests that the lead also originated from a mixed source, and the Huodiya Group basement rocks played a significant role. The Sr and Pb isotopic results suggest that the Huodiya Group basement rocks were one of the most important sources of metallogenic material. The geological and geochemical characteristics show that the Nanmushu Zn‐Pb deposit is similar to typical Mississippi Valley type, and the fluid mixing may be a reasonable metallogenic mechanism for Nanmushu Zn‐Pb deposit.     

贵州省赫章县五里坪钼(铅锌)矿地质特征及成因浅析

贵州省赫章五里坪钼(铅锌)矿床是贵州省地矿局113地质队在80年代发现的一种新类型的钼(铅锌)矿床。该矿床属热液型多金属矿床,矿体产于石炭系下统摆佐组白云岩与上司组炭质粘土岩形成的层间破碎带和层间软弱带中,呈层状、似层状产出,矿体中除主要的钼(铅锌)元素外,其中的伴生元素镓、锗、银含量均较高,已达综合利用要求,具较好的开发利用价值。     

夏季洪水对长江口及邻近海域颗粒有机碳分布与来源的影响

基于2020年7月洪水期间采集的长江口及邻近海域的温度、盐度、总悬浮物(Total Suspen-ded Matter,TSM)质量浓度、颗粒有机碳(Particulate Organic Carbon,POC)质量浓度和颗粒有机碳稳定同位素(δ13 CPOC)等数据,分析了洪水事件对该区域POC分布与来源的影响.结果...     

Zn/Cd ratios in calcsilicate-hosted sphalerite ores at Tumurtijn-ovoo, Mongolia

As other calcsilicate-hosted ore deposits the Tumurtijn-ovoo Fe–Mn–Zn deposit is subdued to the question how the ore elements took place, whether linked to epigenetic silicification of a limestone host or bound to syngenetic precipitation during the deposition of a calcareous-siliceous sediment. The comparison of high Zn/Cd ratios of ores from Tumurtijn-ovoo ranging from 514 to 724 with those of other ore deposits relates Tumurtijn-ovoo to the group of submarine hydrothermal deposits which got their ore elements from basaltic source rocks by subseafloor leaching. Hence, respecting geological and textural features of the ores, a synsedimentary precipitation of zinc and cadmium in a volcano-sedimentary environment is suggested for Tumurtijn-ovoo. A group of low Zn/Cd ratios (274–297) is correlated with processes of mobilization and redeposition of sphalerite.     

湖南江永铅锌矿床岩溶成矿构造系列及其演化

文章从解析已知矿体入手,认为江永铅锌矿床外接触带主矿体不是脉型矿体,而是岩溶型矿体。岩溶成矿构造受石磴子组中厚层灰岩控制。一组岩溶由两个岩厅组成,一个发育于２００～３２０ｍ标高,另一个发育于４００～５５０ｍ标高。根据近等距性原则,分别于已知岩溶型矿体（Ⅱ、Ⅲ）的南、北两侧预测了Ⅰ、Ⅳ及Ⅴ号岩溶组。建立了岩溶成矿构造系列、结构及坑睛鉴别标志,并探讨了岩溶的形成与演化。预测结论与物探激电异常结果吻合。     

地史早期岩石中的铅锌演化--狼山-渣尔泰山中元古代铅锌成矿的物质基础

以中国内蒙古狼山一渣尔泰山中元古代SEDEX型铅．锌成矿带为例，研究了该区从太古代到中元古代地壳岩石的铅锌含量和变化关系以及与成矿的关系。研究发现，从早到晚，岩石SiO2和K2O含量升高，铅含量也与二者同步增加；FeO、MgO、CaO及Na20含量呈下降趋势，锌含量也同步降低。在太古代时，岩石的Zn／Pb比值一般〉8，中元古代时这一比值降低为2～4。矿石的Zn／Pb比值与基底岩石Zn／Pb比值具有很好的一致性。铅锌这种随时间的变化与中元古代铅的暴发性成矿及大规模铅锌共生矿床的形成是同步的，说明基底岩石中的铅和锌是该成矿带SEDEX矿床成矿的物质基础。     

冀北双井子穹状火山与银铅(锌)矿化的关系

通过区域地质调查，认为丰宁满族自治县双井子南西一带的晚侏罗世张家口期火山-侵入活动、同熔型岩浆作用、火山通道及火山断裂与银、铅(锌)矿化关系密切。在整体的火山-侵入活动过程中，先期的火山活动可使成矿物质初步富集，后期的岩浆侵入作用封闭性好，热量充足，可使成矿物质进一步叠加富集成矿。同熔型岩浆作用形成的石英正长斑岩是成矿物质的主要提供者，岩石中Ag、Pb、Zn等成矿元素的丰度值普遍较高，约为世界同类岩石平均值的4～10倍，呈强富集状态。火山通道深达上地幔，有利于岩浆向上运移及深部含矿热液的上升环流，是良好的导岩导矿构造。火山周边断裂规模相对较大，其内多形成构造角砾岩带，是成矿物质沉淀、富集的理想场所和最有利的容矿构造。放射状断裂是沟通火山通道和火山周边断裂并使含矿热液从火山通道向火山周边断裂运移的重要渠道，起到配矿构造的作用。     

内陆河流域系统降水中的稳定同位素——乌鲁木齐河流域降水中δ18O与温度关系研究

研究了乌鲁木齐河流域从下游乌鲁木齐站、中游跃进桥站和源头大西沟站降水中稳定同位素 与温度的关系,揭示了内陆河流域系统降水中稳定同位素的变化规律．在乌鲁木齐河流域,降水中 的δ18O随海拔增高而减小,δ18O与温度有密切的正相关关系,说明δ18O是温度的可靠指标．在乌鲁 木齐河流域,局地性降水的增加影响单个降水事件中δ18O与温度的关系．在跃进桥站和大西沟站, 因局地性降水增加,所以单个降水事件中δ18O与温度的关系较乌鲁木齐站差．但在月平均以上时间 尺度上．跃进桥站和大西沟站δ18O与温度的关系反比乌鲁木齐站好．说明越往冰川区．δ18O对温度 反映越敏感．